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使用Visual Studio SDK制作GLSL词法着色插件

使用Visual Studio SDK制作GLSL词法着色插件


我们在Visual Studio上开发OpenGL ES项目时,避免不了写Shader。这时在vs里直接编辑shader就会显得很方便。但是vs默认是不支持GLSL的语法着色的,我们只好自己动手创造。最简单的实现自定义语法着色的方法就是创建一个VSIX插件包,我们只需要安装Visual Studio SDK,使用内置的模版就可以构建一个插件项目。

1. 安装Visual Studio SDK 


在http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=40758下载最新的Visual Studio 2013 SDK。

双击安装,一路next即可。

安装完毕后我们可以在新建项目->模版->C#中看到“扩展性”这一条目,这些就是开发插件用的模版了。

2. 创建插件项目


新建项目,在扩展性标签中,选择Editor Classifier模版,命名为ShaderEditor,点击确定。

Visual Studio为我们生成了如下几个文件。

ShaderEditorFormat.cs文件的默认代码如下: 

 1     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))] 2     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "ShaderEditor")] 3     [Name("ShaderEditor")] 4     [UserVisible(true)] //this should be visible to the end user 5     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)] //set the priority to be after the default classifiers 6     internal sealed class ShaderEditorFormat : ClassificationFormatDefinition { 7         /// <summary> 8         /// Defines the visual format for the "ShaderEditor" classification type 9         /// </summary>10         public ShaderEditorFormat() {11             this.DisplayName = "ShaderEditor"; //human readable version of the name12             this.BackgroundColor = Colors.BlueViolet;13             this.TextDecorations = System.Windows.TextDecorations.Underline;14         }15     }

 

这段代码定义了一个名为"ShaderEditor"的着色类型,编译工程并运行,我们可以在Visual Studio实验实例的工具->选项->字体和颜色中找到一个名为"ShaderEditor"的条目。同时我们会发现所有文本文件的颜色都变成了Colors.BlueViolet并带上了下划线。修改this.DisplayName = "ShaderEditor"的内容,可以改变在字体和颜色中显示的名字。下面的格式设置可以任意修改成喜欢的样式,但要注意在这里的格式只是插件首次安装时的默认设置,这些条目和其它着色选项一样,都可以被用户任意更改。

3. 创建GLSL的着色类型

我们已经了解了如何将着色类型添加到Visual Studio,现在修改ShaderEditorFormat.cs,添加我们的着色类型。
 1     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))] 2     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLText")] 3     [Name("GLSLText")] 4     [UserVisible(true)] 5     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)] 6     internal sealed class GLSLTextFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition { 7         public GLSLTextFormatDefinition() { 8             this.DisplayName = "GLSL文本"; 9             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.Brown;10         }11     }12 13     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))]14     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLIdentifier")]15     [Name("GLSLIdentifier")]16     [UserVisible(true)]17     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)]18     internal sealed class GLSLIdentifierFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition {19         public GLSLIdentifierFormatDefinition() {20             this.DisplayName = "GLSL标识符";21             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.Brown;22         }23     }24 25     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))]26     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLComment")]27     [Name("GLSLComment")]28     [UserVisible(true)]29     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)]30     internal sealed class GLSLCommentFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition {31         public GLSLCommentFormatDefinition() {32             this.DisplayName = "GLSL注释";33             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.DarkGray;34         }35     }36 37     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))]38     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLKeyword")]39     [Name("GLSLKeyword")]40     [UserVisible(true)]41     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)]42     internal sealed class GLSLKeywordFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition {43         public GLSLKeywordFormatDefinition() {44             this.DisplayName = "GLSL关键字";45             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.Blue;46         }47     }48 49     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))]50     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLClass")]51     [Name("GLSLClass")]52     [UserVisible(true)]53     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)]54     internal sealed class GLSLClassFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition {55         public GLSLClassFormatDefinition() {56             this.DisplayName = "GLSL类型";57             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.Green;58         }59     }60 61     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))]62     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLQualifier")]63     [Name("GLSLQualifier")]64     [UserVisible(true)]65     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)]66     internal sealed class GLSLQualifierFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition {67         public GLSLQualifierFormatDefinition() {68             this.DisplayName = "GLSL限定符";69             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.Pink;70         }71     }72 73     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))]74     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLVariable")]75     [Name("GLSLVariable")]76     [UserVisible(true)]77     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)]78     internal sealed class GLSLVariableFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition {79         public GLSLVariableFormatDefinition() {80             this.DisplayName = "GLSL系统变量";81             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.DarkOrange;82         }83     }84 85     [Export(typeof(EditorFormatDefinition))]86     [ClassificationType(ClassificationTypeNames = "GLSLFunction")]87     [Name("GLSLFunction")]88     [UserVisible(true)]89     [Order(Before = Priority.Default)]90     internal sealed class GLSLFunctionFormatDefinition : ClassificationFormatDefinition {91         public GLSLFunctionFormatDefinition() {92             this.DisplayName = "GLSL系统函数";93             this.ForegroundColor = Colors.DarkTurquoise;94         }95     }

 

4. 导出着色类型


Editor Classifier使用了MEF框架,关于MEF的具体细节,请参考MSDN的相关文档。

我们需要注意的是,在MEF中,光定义了着色类型还不够,我们需要导出一个ClassificationTypeDefinition,才能在系统中生效。

打开ShaderEditorType.cs,我们看到系统生成的代码如下:

1     internal static class ShaderEditorClassificationDefinition {2         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))]3         [Name("ShaderEditor")]4         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition ShaderEditorType = null;5     }

这里的Name与之前默认生成的ShaderEditor相同,同理,我们将这里的代码修改成方才定义的类型

 1     internal static class ShaderEditorClassificationDefinition { 2         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))] 3         [Name("GLSLText")] 4         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLTextType = null; 5  6         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))] 7         [Name("GLSLIdentifier")] 8         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLIdentifierType = null; 9 10         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))]11         [Name("GLSLComment")]12         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLCommentType = null;13 14         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))]15         [Name("GLSLKeyword")]16         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLKeywordType = null;17 18         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))]19         [Name("GLSLClass")]20         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLClassType = null;21 22         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))]23         [Name("GLSLQualifier")]24         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLQualifierType = null;25 26         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))]27         [Name("GLSLVariable")]28         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLVariableType = null;29 30         [Export(typeof(ClassificationTypeDefinition))]31         [Name("GLSLFunction")]32         internal static ClassificationTypeDefinition GLSLFunctionType = null;33     }

 

5. 关联文件类型


打开ShaderEditor.cs

 1     [Export(typeof(IClassifierProvider))] 2     [ContentType("text")] 3     internal class ShaderEditorProvider : IClassifierProvider { 4         [Import] 5         internal IClassificationTypeRegistryService ClassificationRegistry = null; // Set via MEF 6  7         public IClassifier GetClassifier(ITextBuffer buffer) { 8             return buffer.Properties.GetOrCreateSingletonProperty<ShaderEditor>(delegate { return new ShaderEditor(ClassificationRegistry); }); 9         }10     }

代码ContentType("text")创建了一个Provider并将它们对所有text类型的文件生效。

GLSL主要的文件扩展名为.vsh和.fsh,为了只对这两个扩展名生效,我们需要自定义一个ContentType,并创建两个扩展名关联。将上述代码修改为:

 1     [Export(typeof(ITaggerProvider))] 2     [ContentType("glsl")] 3     [TagType(typeof(ClassificationTag))] 4     internal sealed class GLSLClassifierProvider : ITaggerProvider { 5  6         [Export] 7         [Name("glsl")] 8         [BaseDefinition("code")] 9         internal static ContentTypeDefinition GLSLContentType = null;10 11         [Export]12         [FileExtension(".vsh")]13         [ContentType("glsl")]14         internal static FileExtensionToContentTypeDefinition GLSLVshType = null;15 16         [Export]17         [FileExtension(".fsh")]18         [ContentType("glsl")]19         internal static FileExtensionToContentTypeDefinition GLSLFshType = null;20 21         [Import]22         internal IClassificationTypeRegistryService classificationTypeRegistry = null;23 24         [Import]25         internal IBufferTagAggregatorFactoryService aggregatorFactory = null;26 27         public ITagger<T> CreateTagger<T>(ITextBuffer buffer) where T : ITag {28             return new GLSLClassifier(buffer, classificationTypeRegistry) as ITagger<T>;29         }30     }

这样我们就创建了只针对vsh和fsh文件生效的Editor。

 

6. 使用gplex进行词法分析


我们需要使用词法分析扫描器来实现具体的着色功能,gplex可以为我们生成C#语言的扫描器,下载地址:

http://gplex.codeplex.com/

解压后在binaries文件夹下找到gplex.exe,把它拷贝到项目的根目录下。

在项目根目录下新建一个GLSL文件夹,新建GLSLLexer.lex文件。并把它们添加到proj中。

在proj上右键->属性,在生成事件选项卡中,在预先生成事件命令行中输入

cd $(ProjectDir)GLSL\
$(ProjectDir)\gplex GLSLLexer

打开GLSLLexer.lex,写入以下代码:

 1 %option unicode, codepage:raw 2  3 %{ 4         // User code is all now in ScanHelper.cs 5 %} 6  7 %namespace Shane 8 %option verbose, summary, noparser, nofiles, unicode 9 10 %{11     public int nextToken() { return yylex(); }12     public int getPos() { return yypos; }13     public int getLength() { return yyleng; }14 %}15 16 //=============================================================17 //=============================================================18 19 number ([0-9])+20 chars [A-Za-z]21 cstring [A-Za-z_]22 blank " "23 delim [ \t\n]24 word {chars}+25 singleLineComment "//"[^\n]*26 multiLineComment "/*"[^*]*\*(\*|([^*/]([^*])*\*))*\/27 28 comment {multiLineComment}|{singleLineComment}29 class bool|int|float|bvec|ivec|vec|vec2|vec3|vec4|mat2|mat3|mat4|sampler1D|sampler2D|sampler3D|samplerCube|sampler1DShadow|sampler2DShadow30 keyword return|if|else|while|do|for|foreach|break|continue|switch|case|default|goto|class|struct|enum|extern|interface|namespace|public|static|this|volatile|using|in|out|true|false31 qualifier const|attribute|uniform|varying32 systemVariable gl_BackColor|gl_BackLightModelProduct|gl_BackLightProduct|gl_BackMaterial|gl_BackSecondaryColor|gl_ClipPlane|gl_ClipVertex|gl_Color|gl_DepthRange|gl_DepthRangeParameters|gl_EyePlaneQ|gl_EyePlaneR|gl_EyePlaneS|gl_EyePlaneT|gl_Fog|gl_FogCoord|gl_FogFragCoord|gl_FogParameters|gl_FragColor|gl_FragCoord|gl_FragData|gl_FragDepth|gl_FrontColor|gl_FrontFacing|gl_FrontLightModelProduct|gl_FrontLightProduct|gl_FrontMaterial|gl_FrontSecondaryColor|gl_LightModel|gl_LightModelParameters|gl_LightModelProducts|gl_LightProducts|gl_LightSource|gl_LightSourceParameters|gl_MaterialParameters|gl_MaxClipPlanes|gl_MaxCombinedTextureImageUnits|gl_MaxDrawBuffers|gl_MaxFragmentUniformComponents|gl_MaxLights|gl_MaxTextureCoords|gl_MaxTextureImageUnits|gl_MaxTextureUnits|gl_MaxVaryingFloats|gl_MaxVertexAttribs|gl_MaxVertexTextureImageUnits|gl_MaxVertexUniformComponents|gl_ModelViewMatrix|gl_ModelViewMatrixInverse|gl_ModelViewMatrixInverseTranspose|gl_ModelViewMatrixTranspose|gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix|gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrixInverse|gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrixInverseTranspose|gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrixTranspose|gl_MultiTexCoord0|gl_MultiTexCoord1|gl_MultiTexCoord10|gl_MultiTexCoord11|gl_MultiTexCoord2|gl_MultiTexCoord3|gl_MultiTexCoord4|gl_MultiTexCoord5|gl_MultiTexCoord6|gl_MultiTexCoord7|gl_MultiTexCoord8|gl_MultiTexCoord9|gl_Normal|gl_NormalMatrix|gl_NormalScale|gl_ObjectPlaneQ|gl_ObjectPlaneR|gl_ObjectPlaneS|gl_ObjectPlaneT|gl_Point|gl_PointParameters|gl_PointSize|gl_Position|gl_ProjectionMatrix|gl_ProjectionMatrixInverse|gl_ProjectionMatrixInverseTranspose|gl_ProjectionMatrixTranspose|gl_SecondaryColor|gl_TexCoord|gl_TextureEnvColor|gl_TextureMatrix|gl_TextureMatrixInverse|gl_TextureMatrixInverseTranspose|gl_TextureMatrixTranspose|gl_Vertex33 systemFunction radians|degress|sin|cos|tan|asin|acos|atan|pow|exp|log|exp2|log2|sqrt|inversesqrt|abs|sign|floor|ceil|fract|mod|min|max|clamp|mix|step|smoothstep|length|distance|dot|cross|normalize|faceforward|reflect|matrixCompMult|lessThan|lessThanEqual|greaterThan|greaterThanEqual|equal|notEqual|any|all|not|texture2D|texture2DProj|texture2DLod|texture2DProjLod|textureCube|textureCubeLod34 identifier {cstring}+{number}*[{cstring}@]*{number}*35 36 %%37 38 {keyword}            return (int)GLSLTokenType.Keyword;39 {class}                return (int)GLSLTokenType.Class;40 {qualifier}            return (int)GLSLTokenType.Qualifier;41 {systemVariable}    return (int)GLSLTokenType.SystemVariable;42 {systemFunction}    return (int)GLSLTokenType.SystemFunction;43 {identifier}        return (int)GLSLTokenType.Identifier;44 {comment}            return (int)GLSLTokenType.Comment;45 46 %%

保存并关闭,这时生成一下项目,我们会看到在GLSL目录下生成了GLSLLexer.cs文件,同样把这个文件添加到proj中。

 

7. 处理扫描结果 


接下来我们要在ShaderEditor.cs中处理我们的扫描结果,并最终对匹配的代码行进行着色。

首先删除默认创建的ShaderEditor类。

添加一个GLSLToken枚举,这个枚举就是GLSLLexer.cs返回的枚举类型,它用来通知我们当前的语句块是哪个类型。

代码如下:

 1     public enum GLSLTokenType { 2         Text = 1, 3         Keyword, 4         Comment, 5         Identifier, 6         Class, 7         Qualifier, 8         SystemVariable, 9         SystemFunction10     }

创建我们自己的ShaderEditor类,代码如下:

 1 internal sealed class GLSLClassifier : ITagger<ClassificationTag> { 2         ITextBuffer textBuffer; 3         IDictionary<GLSLTokenType, IClassificationType> typeDic; 4         internal GLSLClassifier(ITextBuffer buffer, IClassificationTypeRegistryService typeService) { 5             textBuffer = buffer; 6             typeDic = new Dictionary<GLSLTokenType, IClassificationType>(); 7             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.Text] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLText"); 8             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.Identifier] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLIdentifier"); 9             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.Keyword] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLKeyword");10             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.Class] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLClass");11             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.Comment] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLComment");12             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.Qualifier] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLQualifier");13             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.SystemVariable] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLVariable");14             typeDic[GLSLTokenType.SystemFunction] = typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLFunction");15         }16 17         public event EventHandler<SnapshotSpanEventArgs> TagsChanged {18             add { }19             remove { }20         }21 22         public IEnumerable<ITagSpan<ClassificationTag>> GetTags(NormalizedSnapshotSpanCollection spans) {23             IClassificationType classification = typeDic[GLSLTokenType.Text];24             string text = spans[0].Snapshot.GetText();25             yield return new TagSpan<ClassificationTag>(26                 new SnapshotSpan(spans[0].Snapshot, new Span(0, text.Length)),27                 new ClassificationTag(classification));28             scanner.SetSource(text, 0);29             int tok;30             do {31                 tok = scanner.nextToken();32                 int pos = scanner.getPos();33                 int len = scanner.getLength();34                 int total = text.Length;35                 if (pos < 0 || len < 0 || pos > total) {36                     continue;37                 }38                 if (pos + len > total) {39                     len = total - pos;40                 }41                 if (typeDic.TryGetValue((GLSLTokenType)tok, out classification)) {42                     yield return new TagSpan<ClassificationTag>(43                         new SnapshotSpan(spans[0].Snapshot, new Span(pos, len)),44                         new ClassificationTag(classification));45                 }46             } while (tok > (int)Tokens.EOF);47         }48 49         Scanner scanner = new Scanner();50     }
TagsChanged事件保证在代码发生改变时实时刷新编辑器。

   构造方法中,通过typeService.GetClassificationType("GLSLIdentifier")取得我们定义的实例,并把它们和枚举关联起来,

   GetClassificationType的参数传入着色类型的Name。

GetTags方法是由系统调用的迭代方法,yield return new TagSpan<ClassificationTag>()返回我们的着色对象,即可实现着色效果。

编译并运行,可以看到vsh和fsh已经有了语法着色了。


本文由哈萨雅琪原创,转载请注明出处。