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LeetCode 387. First Unique Character in a String

Problem: Given a string, find the first non-repeating character in it and return it‘s index. If it doesn‘t exist, return -1.

Example:

s = "leetcode"
return 0.

s = "loveleetcode",
return 2.

本题的第一想法是开一个字母表计数器,遍历string s中的元素,并利用计数器对每一个字母计数。最后再次遍历s,查找计数为1的字符然后返回其索引。该解法代码如下:

 1 class Solution {
 2 public:
 3     int firstUniqChar(string s) {
 4         int *alphabet = NULL;
 5         alphabet = new int[26]();
 6         for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++)
 7         {
 8             alphabet[int(s[i] - a)]++;
 9         }
10         for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++)
11         {
12             if(alphabet[int(s[i] - a)] == 1)
13             {
14                 return i;
15             }
16         }
17         return -1;
18         
19         
20     }
21 };

但是,若string非常长,两次遍历则会带来很大的开销,因此,可以考虑一次遍历,用hash table记录每个字母的次数和索引,其代码如下:

 1 class Solution {
 2 public:
 3     int firstUniqChar(string s) {
 4         unordered_map<char, pair<int,int>> m;
 5         int idx = s.length();
 6         for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++)
 7         {
 8             m[s[i]].first++;
 9             m[s[i]].second = i;
10         }
11         for(auto &p:m)
12         {
13             if(p.second.first == 1)
14             {
15                 idx = min(idx, p.second.second);
16             }
17         }
18         return idx == s.length()? -1 : idx;
19     }
20 };

 

LeetCode 387. First Unique Character in a String