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$\bf命题1:$设$\left\{ {{a_n}} \right\}$为单调增加的数列,则$\lim \limits_{n \to \infty } {a_n} = \mathop {Sup}\limits_{k \ge 1} \left\{ {{a_k}} \right\}$

证明:记M = \mathop {Sup}\limits_{k \ge 1} \left\{ {{a_k}} \right\}

M=Supk1{ak}
<script id="MathJax-Element-1" type="math/tex; mode=display">M = \mathop {Sup}\limits_{k \ge 1} \left\{ {{a_k}} \right\}</script>
$\left( 1 \right)$当$M < + \infty $时,由上确界的定义知,对任给$\varepsilon > 0$,存在${a_N}$,使得
M - \varepsilon < {a_N} \le M
<script id="MathJax-Element-2" type="math/tex; mode=display">M - \varepsilon < {a_N} \le M</script>
由于$\left\{ {{a_n}} \right\}$为单调增加数列,则当$n > N$时,有
M - \varepsilon < {a_N} \le {a_n} \le M < M + \varepsilon
<script id="MathJax-Element-3" type="math/tex; mode=display">M - \varepsilon < {a_N} \le {a_n} \le M < M + \varepsilon </script>
从而由数列极限的定义即证

$\left( 2 \right)$当$M = + \infty $时,由上确界的定义知,对任给$\varepsilon > 0$,存在${a_N}$,使得
{a_N} > \varepsilon

<script id="MathJax-Element-4" type="math/tex; mode=display">{a_N} > \varepsilon </script>
由于$\left\{ {{a_n}} \right\}$为单调增加数列,则当$n > N$时,有
{a_n} \ge {a_N} > \varepsilon
<script id="MathJax-Element-5" type="math/tex; mode=display">{a_n} \ge {a_N} > \varepsilon </script>
从而由数列极限的定义即证