首页 > 代码库 > oc/object-c/ios哪种遍历NSArray/NSDictionary方式快?测试报告
oc/object-c/ios哪种遍历NSArray/NSDictionary方式快?测试报告
做app的时候,总免不了要多次遍历数组或者字典。
究竟哪种遍历方式比较快呢?我做了如下测试:
首先定义测试用宏:
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | #define MULogTimeintervalBegin(INFO) NSTimeInterval start = [NSDate timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate];\ NSTimeInterval duration = 0;\ NSLog (@ "MULogTimeintervalBegin:%@" , INFO) #define MULogTimeintervalPauseAndLog(INFO) duration = [NSDate timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate] - start;\ start += duration;\ NSLog (@ "%@:%f" , INFO, duration);\ duration = 0 #define TESTSCALE 100000 |
接着编写测试代码:
NSarray:
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 | - ( void )testArray { NSMutableArray * testArray = [ NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:TESTSCALE]; for ( NSInteger i = 1; i <= TESTSCALE; ++i) { [testArray addObject:[ NSString stringWithFormat:@ "%ld" , i]]; } NSLog (@ "init:%ld" , [testArray count]); __block NSMutableString * sum = [ NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:TESTSCALE]; MULogTimeintervalBegin(@ "ArrayTest" ); NSUInteger count = [testArray count]; for ( NSInteger i = 0; i < count; ++i) { [sum appendString:[testArray objectAtIndex:i]]; } [sum setString:@ "" ]; MULogTimeintervalPauseAndLog(@ "for statement" ); for ( NSString * item in testArray) { [sum appendString:item]; } [sum setString:@ "" ]; MULogTimeintervalPauseAndLog(@ "for-in" ); [testArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^( id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) { [sum appendString:obj]; }]; [sum setString:@ "" ]; MULogTimeintervalPauseAndLog(@ "enumerateBlock" ); } |
NSDictionary:
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | - ( void )testDictionary { NSMutableDictionary * testDic = [ NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:TESTSCALE]; for ( NSInteger i = 1; i <= TESTSCALE; ++i) { [testDic setObject:@ "test" forKey:[ NSString stringWithFormat:@ "%ld" , i]]; } NSLog (@ "init:%ld" , [testDic count]); __block NSMutableString * sum = [ NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:TESTSCALE]; MULogTimeintervalBegin(@ "DictionaryTest" ); for ( NSString * object in [testDic allValues]) { [sum appendString:object]; } [sum setString:@ "" ]; MULogTimeintervalPauseAndLog(@ "for statement allValues" ); for ( id akey in [testDic allKeys]) { [sum appendString:[testDic objectForKey:akey]]; } [sum setString:@ "" ]; MULogTimeintervalPauseAndLog(@ "for statement allKeys" ); [testDic enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^( id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) { [sum appendString:obj]; } ]; MULogTimeintervalPauseAndLog(@ "enumeration" ); } |
下面是测试结果:
Test Case ‘-[LoopTestTests testArray]‘ started.
2012-08-02 17:14:22.061 otest[388:303] init:100000
2012-08-02 17:14:22.062 otest[388:303] MULogTimeintervalBegin:ArrayTest
2012-08-02 17:14:22.075 otest[388:303]for statement:0.013108
2012-08-02 17:14:22.083 otest[388:303]for-in:0.008186
2012-08-02 17:14:22.095 otest[388:303] enumerateBlock:0.012290
Test Case ‘-[LoopTestTests testArray]‘ passed (0.165 seconds).
Test Case ‘-[LoopTestTests testDictionary]‘ started.
2012-08-02 17:14:22.273 otest[388:303] init:100000
2012-08-02 17:14:22.274 otest[388:303] MULogTimeintervalBegin:DictionaryTest
2012-08-02 17:14:22.284 otest[388:303] for statement allValues:0.010566
2012-08-02 17:14:22.307 otest[388:303] for statement allKeys:0.022377
2012-08-02 17:14:22.330 otest[388:303] enumeration:0.023914
Test Case ‘-[LoopTestTests testDictionary]‘ passed (0.217 seconds).
可以看出对于数组来说,for-in方式遍历速度是最快的,普通风格的for和block方式速度差不多。对于字典来说,allValues方式遍历最快,allKeys和block差不多。
那么,为什么会这样呢?
NSArray:
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1 2 3 | for ( NSInteger i = 0; i < count; ++i) { [sum appendString:[testArray objectAtIndex:i]]; } |
这里由于存在:[objectAtIndex:i]这样的取操作,所以速度会有所下降。
而
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1 2 3 | for ( NSString * item in testArray) { [sum appendString:item]; } |
尽管也有取操作,但是绕开了oc的message机制,速度会快一点。也有可能是编译器为了for-in作了优化。
block为什么会慢一些这个有待研究。
NSDictionary:
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1 2 3 | for ( id akey in [testDic allKeys]) { [sum appendString:[testDic objectForKey:akey]]; } |
这个就很明显了,第二种方法多了一次objectForKey的操作。block的话有待研究。
google了一下,stackoverflow上面有类似的讨论:点击打开链接
大意是:for-in语法会对容器里面的元素的内存地址建立一个缓冲,遍历的时候从缓冲直接取得元素的地址而不是通过调用方法来获取,所以效率比较高。另外,这也是不能在循环体中修改容器元素的原因之一。
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