openstack vm_lifecycle

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2024-08-28 21:28:35 222人阅读

2015-09-22 Openstack 185

nova instance有3种状态：power_state, vm_state, task_state，分别对应horizon界面上的Power State，Status，Task

技术分享

Openstack wiki上有介绍：

power_state is the hypervisor state, loaded “bottom-up” from compute worker;
vm_state reflects the stable state based on API calls, matching user expectation, revised “top-down” within API implementation.
task_state reflects the transition state introduced by in-progress API calls.
power_state and vm_state may conflict with each other, which needs to be resolved case-by-case.

Power_state

power_state反映的是hypervisor的状态。目前都是用libvirt作为hypervisor。
例如，nova会调用libvirt api去查询instance的state

[root@node-2 ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 229   instance-00000139              running
 230   instance-00000138              running
 231   instance-00000137              running
 232   instance-00000155              running
 -     instance-00000136              shut off
 -     instance-0000013a              shut off

[root@node-2 ~]# virsh domstate instance-00000136
shut off

在libvirt中，共有几种状态：

undefined
defined(也叫stopped)
running
paused
saved

具体解释在这里
下图表示在几种状态的转换关系：
技术分享
Notes：

有的转换依赖于domain（instance）是transient domain还是persistent domain，如running ---(shutdown)---> defined/undefined。两者的区别在这里。思考：Openstack创建的domain是否都是persistent domain？
virsh create创建transient domain；virsh define;virsh start创建、启动persistent domain

How is it updated？

调hypervisor api取得的状态总是对的；如果nova数据库中的状态与其不一致，那么更新nova数据库。
nova有定时任务来检查、更新power_state
如果对instance做了操作（task），并且该操作可能影响power_state，那么在该task结束之前需要更新power_state

power_state list

目前（2015/9/21 master）有6种状态：

# nova/compute/power_state.py

# NOTE(maoy): These are *not* virDomainState values from libvirt.
# The hex value happens to match virDomainState for backward-compatibility
# reasons.
NOSTATE = 0x00
RUNNING = 0x01
PAUSED = 0x03
SHUTDOWN = 0x04  # the VM is powered off
CRASHED = 0x06
SUSPENDED = 0x07

# TODO(justinsb): Power state really needs to be a proper class,
# so that we‘re not locked into the libvirt status codes and can put mapping
# logic here rather than spread throughout the code
STATE_MAP = {
    NOSTATE: ‘pending‘,
    RUNNING: ‘running‘,
    PAUSED: ‘paused‘,
    SHUTDOWN: ‘shutdown‘,
    CRASHED: ‘crashed‘,
    SUSPENDED: ‘suspended‘,
}

Vm_state

vm_state反映基于API调用的一种稳定状态，而task_state反映的是一种瞬时状态。

How is it updated？

只有当一个task（一个compute api call）结束时，才能更新vm_state。
如果成功则同时设置task_state=None，如果失败，vm_state可能不变（task支持rollback），也可能设置为ERROR。

vm_state list

# nova/compute/vm_states.py

ACTIVE = ‘active‘        # VM is running
BUILDING = ‘building‘    # VM only exists in DB
PAUSED = ‘paused‘
SUSPENDED = ‘suspended‘  # VM is suspended to disk.
STOPPED = ‘stopped‘      # VM is powered off, the disk image is still there.
RESCUED = ‘rescued‘      # A rescue image is running with the original VM image attached.
RESIZED = ‘resized‘      # a VM with the new size is active. The user is expected to manually confirm or revert.

SOFT_DELETED = ‘soft-delete‘  # VM is marked as deleted but the disk images are still available to restore.
DELETED = ‘deleted‘      # VM is permanently deleted.

ERROR = ‘error‘

SHELVED = ‘shelved‘      # VM is powered off, resources still on hypervisor
SHELVED_OFFLOADED = ‘shelved_offloaded‘  # VM and associated resources are not on hypervisor

ALLOW_SOFT_REBOOT = [ACTIVE]  # states we can soft reboot from
ALLOW_HARD_REBOOT = ALLOW_SOFT_REBOOT + [STOPPED, PAUSED, SUSPENDED, ERROR]  # states we allow hard reboot from

Task_state

task_state反映了基于API调用的瞬时状态。
它表示instance当前处于某个API调用中的某个阶段，比vm_state更细化，让用户了解某个action/task执行到哪个步骤了，比如创建instance时会有scheduling -> block_device_mapping -> networking -> spawning。但调用完之后设置为None。

task_state list

# nova/compute/task_states.py
"""Possible task states for instances.

urrent moment. These tasks can be generic, such as ‘spawning‘, or specific,
such as ‘block_device_mapping‘. These task states allow for a better view into
what an instance is doing and should be displayed to users/administrators as
necessary.

"""

# possible task states during create()
SCHEDULING = ‘scheduling‘
BLOCK_DEVICE_MAPPING = ‘block_device_mapping‘
NETWORKING = ‘networking‘
SPAWNING = ‘spawning‘

# possible task states during snapshot()
IMAGE_SNAPSHOT = ‘image_snapshot‘
IMAGE_SNAPSHOT_PENDING = ‘image_snapshot_pending‘
IMAGE_PENDING_UPLOAD = ‘image_pending_upload‘
IMAGE_UPLOADING = ‘image_uploading‘

# possible task states during backup()
IMAGE_BACKUP = ‘image_backup‘

# possible task states during set_admin_password()
UPDATING_PASSWORD = ‘updating_password‘

# possible task states during resize()
RESIZE_PREP = ‘resize_prep‘
RESIZE_MIGRATING = ‘resize_migrating‘
RESIZE_MIGRATED = ‘resize_migrated‘
RESIZE_FINISH = ‘resize_finish‘

# possible task states during revert_resize()
RESIZE_REVERTING = ‘resize_reverting‘

# possible task states during confirm_resize()
RESIZE_CONFIRMING = ‘resize_confirming‘

# possible task states during reboot()
REBOOTING = ‘rebooting‘
REBOOT_PENDING = ‘reboot_pending‘
REBOOT_STARTED = ‘reboot_started‘
REBOOTING_HARD = ‘rebooting_hard‘
REBOOT_PENDING_HARD = ‘reboot_pending_hard‘
REBOOT_STARTED_HARD = ‘reboot_started_hard‘

# possible task states during pause()
PAUSING = ‘pausing‘

# possible task states during unpause()
UNPAUSING = ‘unpausing‘

# possible task states during suspend()
SUSPENDING = ‘suspending‘

# possible task states during resume()
RESUMING = ‘resuming‘

# possible task states during power_off()
POWERING_OFF = ‘powering-off‘

# possible task states during power_on()
POWERING_ON = ‘powering-on‘

# possible task states during rescue()
RESCUING = ‘rescuing‘

# possible task states during unrescue()
UNRESCUING = ‘unrescuing‘

# possible task states during rebuild()
REBUILDING = ‘rebuilding‘
REBUILD_BLOCK_DEVICE_MAPPING = "rebuild_block_device_mapping"
REBUILD_SPAWNING = ‘rebuild_spawning‘

# possible task states during live_migrate()
MIGRATING = "migrating"

# possible task states during delete()
DELETING = ‘deleting‘

# possible task states during soft_delete()
SOFT_DELETING = ‘soft-deleting‘

# possible task states during restore()
RESTORING = ‘restoring‘

# possible task states during shelve()
SHELVING = ‘shelving‘
SHELVING_IMAGE_PENDING_UPLOAD = ‘shelving_image_pending_upload‘
SHELVING_IMAGE_UPLOADING = ‘shelving_image_uploading‘

# possible task states during shelve_offload()
SHELVING_OFFLOADING = ‘shelving_offloading‘

# possible task states during unshelve()
UNSHELVING = ‘unshelving‘

task_state state machine diagram (in-progress):
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1uvrFI_L86_tBcZGlE2ck3RnMgtsgjIqYVtWTIT9eD8I/edit#gid=3

http://docs.openstack.org/developer/nova/devref/vmstates.html
http://docs.openstack.org/developer/nova/vmstates.html

Code walk-through

nova-compute定义了如下文件：

nova/compute/power_state.py
nova/compute/vm_states.py
nova/compute/task_states.py

nova-api从自身角度定义了vm_state和task_state的对应关系

nova/api/openstack/common.py

from nova.compute import task_states
from nova.compute import vm_states

_STATE_MAP = {
    vm_states.ACTIVE: {
        ‘default‘: ‘ACTIVE‘,
        task_states.REBOOTING: ‘REBOOT‘,      # 前面是task_state, 后面是显示在cli/horizon上的‘Status‘
        task_states.REBOOT_PENDING: ‘REBOOT‘,
        task_states.REBOOT_STARTED: ‘REBOOT‘,
        task_states.REBOOTING_HARD: ‘HARD_REBOOT‘,
        task_states.REBOOT_PENDING_HARD: ‘HARD_REBOOT‘,
        task_states.REBOOT_STARTED_HARD: ‘HARD_REBOOT‘,
        task_states.UPDATING_PASSWORD: ‘PASSWORD‘,
        task_states.REBUILDING: ‘REBUILD‘,
        task_states.REBUILD_BLOCK_DEVICE_MAPPING: ‘REBUILD‘,
        task_states.REBUILD_SPAWNING: ‘REBUILD‘,
        task_states.MIGRATING: ‘MIGRATING‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_PREP: ‘RESIZE‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_MIGRATING: ‘RESIZE‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_MIGRATED: ‘RESIZE‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_FINISH: ‘RESIZE‘,
    },
    vm_states.BUILDING: {
        ‘default‘: ‘BUILD‘,
    },
    vm_states.STOPPED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘SHUTOFF‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_PREP: ‘RESIZE‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_MIGRATING: ‘RESIZE‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_MIGRATED: ‘RESIZE‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_FINISH: ‘RESIZE‘,
        task_states.REBUILDING: ‘REBUILD‘,
        task_states.REBUILD_BLOCK_DEVICE_MAPPING: ‘REBUILD‘,
        task_states.REBUILD_SPAWNING: ‘REBUILD‘,
    },
    vm_states.RESIZED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘VERIFY_RESIZE‘,
        # Note(maoy): the OS API spec 1.1 doesn‘t have CONFIRMING_RESIZE
        # state so we comment that out for future reference only.
        #task_states.RESIZE_CONFIRMING: ‘CONFIRMING_RESIZE‘,
        task_states.RESIZE_REVERTING: ‘REVERT_RESIZE‘,
    },
    vm_states.PAUSED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘PAUSED‘,
        task_states.MIGRATING: ‘MIGRATING‘,
    },
    vm_states.SUSPENDED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘SUSPENDED‘,
    },
    vm_states.RESCUED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘RESCUE‘,
    },
    vm_states.ERROR: {
        ‘default‘: ‘ERROR‘,
        task_states.REBUILDING: ‘REBUILD‘,
        task_states.REBUILD_BLOCK_DEVICE_MAPPING: ‘REBUILD‘,
        task_states.REBUILD_SPAWNING: ‘REBUILD‘,
    },
    vm_states.DELETED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘DELETED‘,
    },
    vm_states.SOFT_DELETED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘SOFT_DELETED‘,
    },
    vm_states.SHELVED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘SHELVED‘,
    },
    vm_states.SHELVED_OFFLOADED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘SHELVED_OFFLOADED‘,
    },
}


def status_from_state(vm_state, task_state=‘default‘):
    """Given vm_state and task_state, return a status string."""
    task_map = _STATE_MAP.get(vm_state, dict(default=‘UNKNOWN‘))
    status = task_map.get(task_state, task_map[‘default‘])
    if status == "UNKNOWN":
        LOG.error(_LE("status is UNKNOWN from vm_state=%(vm_state)s "
                      "task_state=%(task_state)s. Bad upgrade or db "
                      "corrupted?"),
                  {‘vm_state‘: vm_state, ‘task_state‘: task_state})
    return status

从status_from_state方法看，_STATE_MAP表示vm_state处于某个状态时，所有可能的task_state有哪些，都穷举出来了。这里注意，某些task_state的default值，在nova/compute/task_states.py中没有定义，如：

    vm_states.ACTIVE: {
        ‘default‘: ‘ACTIVE‘,
        ...}
    vm_states.STOPPED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘SHUTOFF‘,
        ...}
    vm_states.RESIZED: {
        ‘default‘: ‘VERIFY_RESIZE‘,
        ...}
    vm_states.ERROR: {
        ‘default‘: ‘ERROR‘,
        ...}

给定一对vm_state/task_state，status_from_state能返回一个status字符串，这个status就是cli/horizon上的‘Status‘：

[root@node-129 ~]# nova list | cut -d"|" -f1-6
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name                                                  | Status  | Task State | Power State
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| f6d4e67b-885c-4a10-891f-d91675e52bae | 123                                                   | SHUTOFF | -          | Shutdown
| 05be07c9-6b2a-4db9-b03b-8322c035816c | 652                                                   | SHUTOFF | -          | Shutdown
| 19d1308c-f19b-4860-979f-220fd376ef58 | ITMGMT                                                | SHUTOFF | -          | Shutdown
| c496c710-29f8-46c3-90f8-6c2606d4b252 | Winboo-vm                                             | ACTIVE  | -          | Running
| a27f4030-ece5-4aeb-a84e-70bf0389f81f | abc                                                   | ACTIVE  | -          | Running

比较一下，nova-api列出的"Status"其实比nova-compute的vm_state（14个）多，共20个：

ACTIVE
REBOOT
HARD_REBOOT
PASSWORD
REBUILD
MIGRATING
RESIZE
BUILD
SHUTOFF
VERIFY_RESIZE
REVERT_RESIZE
PAUSED
SUSPENDED
RESCUE**
ERROR
DELETED
SOFT_DELETED**
SHELVED
SHELVED_OFFLOADED**
UNKNOWN

状态转移

参考:

http://docs.openstack.org/developer/nova/devref/vmstates.html
http://docs.openstack.org/developer/nova/vmstates.html

技术分享

不同的操作，只有当instance处于特定的vm_state和task_state时才能进行。这个控制不是由nova-api来完成的，而是由nova-compute来决定的：
nova/compute/api.py定义了nova-compute暴露给外部的接口。大多数方法名称就是操作名，如create,restore, shelve, soft_delete。

基本上所有方法都用check_instance_state修饰了。这个修饰器限定了该操作在某些vm_state/task_state下才可以进行。比如：

@wrap_check_policy
@check_instance_lock
@check_instance_state(vm_state=[vm_states.SOFT_DELETED])
def restore(self, context, instance):
    """Restore a previously deleted (but not reclaimed) instance."""

@wrap_check_policy
@check_instance_cell
@check_instance_state(vm_state=[vm_states.ACTIVE, vm_states.STOPPED,
                                vm_states.PAUSED, vm_states.SUSPENDED])
def snapshot(self, context, instance, name, extra_properties=None):
    """Snapshot the given instance."""

@wrap_check_policy
@check_instance_lock
@check_instance_state(vm_state=set(
                vm_states.ALLOW_SOFT_REBOOT + vm_states.ALLOW_HARD_REBOOT),
                      task_state=[None, task_states.REBOOTING,
                                  task_states.REBOOT_PENDING,
                                  task_states.REBOOT_STARTED,
                                  task_states.REBOOTING_HARD,
                                  task_states.RESUMING,
                                  task_states.UNPAUSING,
                                  task_states.PAUSING,
                                  task_states.SUSPENDING])
def reboot(self, context, instance, reboot_type):
    """Reboot the given instance."""

所以只要查看check_instance_state的参数就能确定操作可行与否。

openstack vm_lifecycle

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