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Android C2DM学习 - 云端推送

2024-07-02 19:55:03   229人阅读

一、基础知识

当我们开发需要和服务器交互的应用程序时，基本上都需要获取服务器端的数据，比如《地震及时通》就需要及时获取服务器上最新的地震信息。要获取服务器上不定时更新的信息一般来说有两种方法，第一种是客户端使用Pull（拉）的方式，隔一段时间就去服务器上获取信息，看是否有更新的信息出现。第二种就是服务器使用Push（云端推送）的方式，当服务器端有新信息了，则把最新的信息Push到客户端上。

虽然Pull和Push两种方式都能实现获取服务器端更新信息的功能，但是明显来说Push is better than pull。因为Pull方式不仅浪费客户端的流量，而且更浪费电量。

Android从2.2版本开始增加了Cloud to Device Messaging（C2DM）框架，在系统中支持了Push功能，基于Android平台使用Push功能更加简单了。虽然C2dm目前还处在实验室阶段，不过小规模的使用是没有问题的。

下面我们就来感受一下Android的C2dm功能。

二、C2DM框架

使用Android的C2DM功能有几个要求：

1. 需要Android2.2及以上的系统版本。
2. 使用C2DM功能的Android设备上需要设置好Google的账户。
3. 需要在这里注册使用C2DM功能的用户邮箱账号（最好为C2DM单独注册一个Gmail邮箱账号）。

接下来我们来看下C2dm的完整过程，这里借用一下Google官方推出的Chrome To Phone过程图来说明下。

Chrome To Phone
图1 C2DM操作过程图

要使用C2DM来进行Push操作，基本上要使用以下6个步骤：

1、注册：Android设备把使用C2DM功能的用户账户（比如android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com）和App名称发送给C2DM服务器。

2、C2dm服务器会返回一个registration_id值给Android设备，设备需要保存这个registration_id值。

3、Android设备把获得的registration_id和C2DM功能的用户账户（android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com）发送给自己的服务器，不过一般用户账户信息因为和服务器确定好的，所以不必发送。

这样Android设备就完成了C2DM功能的注册过程，接下来就可以接收C2DM服务器Push过来的消息了。

4、服务器获得数据。这里图中的例子Chrome To Phone，服务器接收到Chrome浏览器发送的数据。数据也可以是服务器本地产生的。这里的服务器是Google AppEngine（很好的一项服务，可惜在国内被屏了），要换成自己的服务器。服务器还要获取注册使用C2DM功能的用户账户（android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com）的ClientLogin权限Auth。

5、服务器把要发送的数据和registration_id一起，并且头部带上获取的Auth，使用POST的方式发送给C2dm服务器。

6、C2DM服务器会以Push的方式把数据发送给对应的Android设备，Android设备只要在程序中按之前和服务器商量好的格式从对应的key中获取数据即可。

这样我们就大概明白了C2dm的工作流程，下面我们就结合一个实例来具体的说明以上6个步骤。

三．实例开发

我们要创建的程序名称为AndroidC2DMDemo，包名为com.ichliebephone.c2dm。

开始之前我们先去C2DM网页上注册一下使用C2DM功能的用户账户。

应用程序名
图2 应用程序名

其中应用程序名要填写带包名的完整名称，比如这里为om.ichliebephone.c2dm. AndroidC2DMDemo。

注册C2DM账户
图3 C2DM用户账户注册

这里的contact邮箱使用一个你能接收到邮件的邮箱即可，下面的Role（sender）account邮箱最好单独注册一个Gmail邮箱来使用C2DM服务。我们这里使用的是专门注册的android.c2dm.deno@gmail.com邮箱。

提交后，过一段时间就会收到Google发送过来的确认邮件，然后你就可以使用C2DM的Push服务了。

介绍了这么多，我们先来快速完成一个实例，只完成Android设备端的注册部分，不包含向服务器发送registration_id和服务器向C2DM服务器发送数据的具体代码，这部分只是用Ubuntu下的curl命令来模拟，主要是快速亲自体验一下Push的结果。

创建一个Android工程AndroidC2DMDemo，并且包含进Google的开源例子Chrome To Phone中的c2dm包com.google.android.c2dm，包中包含三个Java类，分别为：

第一个类为C2DMBaseReceiver：

package com.google.android.c2dm;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.PowerManager;
import android.util.Log;
 
/**
 * Base class for C2D message receiver. Includes constants for the
 * strings used in the protocol.
 */
/**
 * 接收和处理C2DM消息的基类
 * */
public abstract class C2DMBaseReceiver extends IntentService {
    // 和C2DM Push的Intent内容相关
    // 重新向C2DM服务器注册
    private static final String C2DM_RETRY = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RETRY";
    // 向C2DM服务器注册后的回调处理
    public static final String REGISTRATION_CALLBACK_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION";
    // 接收到C2DM服务器的推送消息
    private static final String C2DM_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE";
 
    // Logging tag
    private static final String TAG = "C2DM";
 
    // Extras in the registration callback intents.
    // 向C2DM注册返回的intent中包含的key
    public static final String EXTRA_UNREGISTERED = "unregistered";
    public static final String EXTRA_ERROR = "error";
    public static final String EXTRA_REGISTRATION_ID = "registration_id";
    // 向C2DM注册出错的原因
    public static final String ERR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE = "SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE";
    public static final String ERR_ACCOUNT_MISSING = "ACCOUNT_MISSING";
    public static final String ERR_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED = "AUTHENTICATION_FAILED";
    public static final String ERR_TOO_MANY_REGISTRATIONS = "TOO_MANY_REGISTRATIONS";
    public static final String ERR_INVALID_PARAMETERS = "INVALID_PARAMETERS";
    public static final String ERR_INVALID_SENDER = "INVALID_SENDER";
    public static final String ERR_PHONE_REGISTRATION_ERROR = "PHONE_REGISTRATION_ERROR";
 
    // wakelock
    private static final String WAKELOCK_KEY = "C2DM_LIB";
 
    private static PowerManager.WakeLock mWakeLock;
    private final String senderId;
 
    /**
     * The C2DMReceiver class must create a no-arg constructor and pass the
     * sender id to be used for registration.
     */
    public C2DMBaseReceiver(String senderId) {
        // senderId is used as base name for threads, etc.
        super(senderId);
        this.senderId = senderId;
    }
 
    // 下面几个是接收到C2DM Push过来的信息后的回调函数，都可以在继承的子类中处理
    /**
     * Called when a cloud message has been received.
     */
    /**
     * 接收到C2DM服务器Push的消息后的回调函数，需要在继承的子类中处理
     * */
    protected abstract void onMessage(Context context, Intent intent);
 
    /**
     * Called on registration error. Override to provide better error messages.
     * 
     * This is called in the context of a Service - no dialog or UI.
     */
    /**
     * 出错的回调函数
     * */
    public abstract void one rror(Context context, String errorId);
 
    /**
     * Called when a registration token has been received.
     */
    /**
     * 注册后的回调函数
     * */
    public void onRegistered(Context context, String registrationId)
            throws IOException {
        // registrationId will also be saved
    }
 
    /**
     * Called when the device has been unregistered.
     */
    /**
     * 取消注册的回调函数
     * */
    public void onUnregistered(Context context) {
    }
 
    // IntentService的方法
    @Override
    public final void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        try {
            Context context = getApplicationContext();
            if (intent.getAction().equals(REGISTRATION_CALLBACK_INTENT)) {
                handleRegistration(context, intent);// 处理注册后的回调
            } else if (intent.getAction().equals(C2DM_INTENT)) {
                onMessage(context, intent);// 处理C2DM Push消息的回调
            } else if (intent.getAction().equals(C2DM_RETRY)) {
                C2DMessaging.register(context, senderId); // 重新注册
            }
        } finally {
            // Release the power lock, so phone can get back to sleep.
            // The lock is reference counted by default, so multiple
            // messages are ok.
 
            // If the onMessage() needs to spawn a thread or do something else,
            // it should use it‘s own lock.
            mWakeLock.release();
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Called from the broadcast receiver. Will process the received intent,
     * call handleMessage(), registered(), etc. in background threads, with a
     * wake lock, while keeping the service alive.
     */
    static void runIntentInService(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if (mWakeLock == null) {
            // This is called from BroadcastReceiver, there is no init.
            PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) context
                    .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
            mWakeLock = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK,
                    WAKELOCK_KEY);
        }
        mWakeLock.acquire();
 
        // Use a naming convention, similar with how permissions and intents are
        // used. Alternatives are introspection or an ugly use of statics.
        String receiver = context.getPackageName() + ".C2DMReceiver";
        intent.setClassName(context, receiver);
 
        context.startService(intent);
 
    }
 
    // 处理注册后的回调
    private void handleRegistration(final Context context, Intent intent) {
        final String registrationId = intent
                .getStringExtra(EXTRA_REGISTRATION_ID);
        String error = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_ERROR);
        String removed = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_UNREGISTERED);
        Log.v(TAG, "handleRegistration");
        // 打印出接收到的registraton_id
        Log.v(TAG, "dmControl: registrationId = " + registrationId
                + ", error = " + error + ", removed = " + removed);
        if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG)) {
            Log.d(TAG, "dmControl: registrationId = " + registrationId
                    + ", error = " + error + ", removed = " + removed);
        }
        if (removed != null) {
            // Remember we are unregistered
            C2DMessaging.clearRegistrationId(context);
            onUnregistered(context);
            return;
        } else if (error != null) {
            // we are not registered, can try again
            C2DMessaging.clearRegistrationId(context);
            // Registration failed
            Log.e(TAG, "Registration error " + error);
            onError(context, error);
            if ("SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE".equals(error)) {
                long backoffTimeMs = C2DMessaging.getBackoff(context);
 
                Log.d(TAG, "Scheduling registration retry, backoff = "
                        + backoffTimeMs);
                Intent retryIntent = new Intent(C2DM_RETRY);
                PendingIntent retryPIntent = PendingIntent
                        .getBroadcast(context, 0 /* requestCode */, retryIntent,
                                0 /* flags */);
 
                AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager) context
                        .getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
                am.set(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME, backoffTimeMs,
                        retryPIntent);
 
                // Next retry should wait longer.
                backoffTimeMs *= 2;
                C2DMessaging.setBackoff(context, backoffTimeMs);
            }
        } else {
            try {
                onRegistered(context, registrationId);
                C2DMessaging.setRegistrationId(context, registrationId);
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Registration error " + ex.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }
}

第二个类为C2DMBroadcastReceiver：

package com.google.android.c2dm;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
 
/**
 * Helper class to handle BroadcastReciver behavior.
 * - can only run for a limited amount of time - it must start a real service 
 * for longer activity
 * - must get the power lock, must make sure it‘s released when all done.
 * 
 */
/**
 * 帮助类，帮忙处理BroadcastReciver过程
 * */
public class C2DMBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
 
    @Override
    public final void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // To keep things in one place.
        C2DMBaseReceiver.runIntentInService(context, intent);
        setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, null /* data */, null /* extra */);
    }
}

第三个类为C2DMessaging：

package com.google.android.c2dm;
 
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.Editor;
 
/**
 * Utilities for device registration.
 *
 * Will keep track of the registration token in a private preference.
 */
/**
 * 和注册相关的一些实用函数
 * */
public class C2DMessaging {
    public static final String EXTRA_SENDER = "sender";
    public static final String EXTRA_APPLICATION_PENDING_INTENT = "app";
    public static final String REQUEST_UNREGISTRATION_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.UNREGISTER";
    public static final String REQUEST_REGISTRATION_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTER";
    public static final String LAST_REGISTRATION_CHANGE = "last_registration_change";
    public static final String BACKOFF = "backoff";
    public static final String GSF_PACKAGE = "com.google.android.gsf"; // GSF为GoogleServicesFramework.apk的缩写
 
    // package
    static final String PREFERENCE = "com.google.android.c2dm";
 
    private static final long DEFAULT_BACKOFF = 30000;
 
    /**
     * Initiate c2d messaging registration for the current application
     */
    public static void register(Context context, String senderId) {
        Intent registrationIntent = new Intent(REQUEST_REGISTRATION_INTENT);
        registrationIntent.setPackage(GSF_PACKAGE);
        registrationIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_APPLICATION_PENDING_INTENT,
                PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, new Intent(), 0));
        registrationIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_SENDER, senderId);
        context.startService(registrationIntent);
        // TODO: if intent not found, notification on need to have GSF
    }
 
    /**
     * Unregister the application. New messages will be blocked by server.
     */
    public static void unregister(Context context) {
        Intent regIntent = new Intent(REQUEST_UNREGISTRATION_INTENT);
        regIntent.setPackage(GSF_PACKAGE);
        regIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_APPLICATION_PENDING_INTENT,
                PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, new Intent(), 0));
        context.startService(regIntent);
    }
 
    /**
     * Return the current registration id.
     * 
     * If result is empty, the registration has failed.
     * 
     * @return registration id, or empty string if the registration is not
     *         complete.
     */
    public static String getRegistrationId(Context context) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(
                PREFERENCE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        String registrationId = prefs.getString("dm_registration", "");
        return registrationId;
    }
 
    public static long getLastRegistrationChange(Context context) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(
                PREFERENCE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        return prefs.getLong(LAST_REGISTRATION_CHANGE, 0);
    }
 
    static long getBackoff(Context context) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(
                PREFERENCE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        return prefs.getLong(BACKOFF, DEFAULT_BACKOFF);
    }
 
    static void setBackoff(Context context, long backoff) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(
                PREFERENCE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        Editor editor = prefs.edit();
        editor.putLong(BACKOFF, backoff);
        editor.commit();
 
    }
 
    // package
    static void clearRegistrationId(Context context) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(
                PREFERENCE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        Editor editor = prefs.edit();
        editor.putString("dm_registration", "");
        editor.putLong(LAST_REGISTRATION_CHANGE, System.currentTimeMillis());
        editor.commit();
 
    }
 
    // package
    static void setRegistrationId(Context context, String registrationId) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(
                PREFERENCE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        Editor editor = prefs.edit();
        editor.putString("dm_registration", registrationId);
        editor.commit();
 
    }
}

代码中已添加了部分中文注释，可以先大概了解下，等整个工程建立完了在一起解释。

然后创建我们自己的包com.ichliebephone.c2dm，包含两个类，一个是工程的入口AndroidC2DMDemo：

package com.ichliebephone.c2dm;
 
import com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMessaging;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
 
public class AndroidC2DMDemo extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private static final String TAG = "AndroidC2DMDemo";
    public static final String SENDER_ID = "android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com"; // 使用C2DM服务的用户账户
    public static final String MESSAGE_KEY_ONE = "msg"; // 和服务器商量好的接收消息的键值key
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
 
        Log.v(TAG, "Start");
        // 向C2DM服务器注册
        C2DMessaging.register(this, SENDER_ID);
    }
}

很简单，就是开始向C2DM服务器进行注册。

另一个类为C2DMBaseReceiver的子类C2DMReceiver：

package com.ichliebephone.c2dm;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
 
import com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBaseReceiver;
 
//接收C2DM服务器Push的消息，包括注册返回的registration_id消息，推送的数据消息等
public class C2DMReceiver extends C2DMBaseReceiver {
 
    private static final String TAG = "C2DMReceiver";
 
    //
    public C2DMReceiver() {
        super(AndroidC2DMDemo.SENDER_ID);
    }
 
    public C2DMReceiver(String senderId) {
        super(senderId);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
 
    // 接收到Push消息的回调函数
    @Override
    protected void onMessage(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver message");
        Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
        if (extras != null) {
            String msg = (String) extras.get(AndroidC2DMDemo.MESSAGE_KEY_ONE);
            Log.v(TAG, "The received msg = " + msg);
            // 在标题栏上显示通知
            NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
            Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.icon, msg,
                    System.currentTimeMillis());
            PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
                    new Intent(this, AndroidC2DMDemo.class), 0);
            notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getString(R.string.app_name),
                    msg, contentIntent);
            notificationManager.notify(0, notification);
 
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public void one rror(Context context, String errorId) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver error");
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onRegistered(Context context, String registrationId)
            throws IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onRegistered(context, registrationId);
        Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver Register");
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onUnregistered(Context context) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onUnregistered(context);
        Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver UnRegister");
    }
}

在这个类中我们主要在接收到Push的回调函数onMessage中对消息进行了接收，并且使用Notification的方式显示在状态栏上。

我们完整的工程目录是这样的：

工程目录
图4 工程目录

最后我们还要在AndroidManifest.xml中增加对应的权限等内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.ichliebephone.c2dm" android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0">
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
 
    <!--Only this application can receive the message and registration result -->
    <!-- 设置一个权限，使只有这个应用才能接收到对应Push的消息及注册时返回的结果 -->
    <permission android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
        android:protectionLevel="signature"></permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" />
    <!-- This application has the permission to register and receive c2dm message -->
    <!-- 设置注册和接收C2DM Push消息的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />
    <!-- Send and registration id to the server -->
    <!-- 设置联网权限，在把registration_id发送给服务器的时候要用 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <!-- App must have this permission to use the library -->
    <!-- 其他和获取手机中用户账户相关的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_CREDENTIALS" />
 
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".AndroidC2DMDemo" android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
 
        <!-- In order to use the c2dm library, an application must declare a class 
            with the name C2DMReceiver, in its own package, extending com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBaseReceiver 
            It must also include this section in the manifest. -->
        <!-- 为了使用c2dm包com.google.android.c2dm及其对应的3个类，我们需要声明一个 继承com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBaseReceiver类的子类C2DMReceiver， 
            并且要在这声明下 -->
        <service android:name=".C2DMReceiver" />
 
        <!-- Only google service can send data messages for the app. If permission 
            is not set - any other app can generate it -->
        <!-- 谷歌的C2DM服务只为这个程序发送数据，声明对应的权限 -->
        <receiver android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBroadcastReceiver"
            android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND">
            <!-- Receive the actual message -->
            <!-- 可以接收实际的Push数据 -->
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
                <category android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm" />
            </intent-filter>
            <!-- Receive the registration id -->
            <!-- 可以接收注册后返回的registration_id -->
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION" />
                <category android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>
</manifest>

因为C2DM功能只有2.2及以上的Android系统才支持，因此创建一个2.2及以上的AVD，然后在”设置->账户与同步”里还要设置好Google Account，如下图所示：

设置Android设备中的Google账户
图5 设置Android设备中的Google账户

然后就可以运行程序了，我们会在DDMS输出中看到获得的registration_id：

获得的registration_id
图6 获得的registration_id

如果第一次运行没有出现，试着再运行一次。

有了registration_id，我们的服务器端就可以向C2DM端发送需要Push的数据了，这里进行简单化处理下，在Ubuntu下直接使用curl命令来模拟服务器功能向C2DM发送数据。

我们先来获取C2DM的ClientLogin权限Auth，在Ubuntu终端下输入：

lingaohe@lingaohe-laptop:~$ curl -d "accountType=HOSTED_OR_GOOGLE&Email=android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com&Passwd=androidc2dmdemo&service=ac2dm&source=bupt-c2dmdemo-1.0" https://www.google.com/accounts/ClientLogin

这个表示以POST的方式向https://www.google.com/accounts/ClientLogin发送数据，其中把Email和Passwd换成你自己在C2DM网页上注册的邮箱号和密码。

如果你的邮箱已在C2DM网页上注册，并且密码没有错误的话就会返回需要的Auth内容：

SID=DQAAAKYAAADcTtHbBBNcZJEOfkfVRycD_ZOIidwsQ3UwIY7cSrYWaY6uhlfo0l9gRPB-mQxP4K2T5tWiG--vWVmSTeq5p8SPwgnsYvfzj7bkNiPPIy4xRimVVfBmAHnZgLohw7gHMKi5DS6kK-Ut5tNzdTkI0I2tUDF0ryQ7MnPpI6Sj-gUCyBXmvKatHHDnNTTV78XdGIx7FYej1DyqGsPsYo3bCstHgltjv3cd2Hs7D4yrpUWHZw
LSID=DQAAAKgAAABCpaoUE4XvxM24Cofntw1IUGx5fKxX-m7aqTL0zhunP0OjzJ2sn9ywmPa1BMZ2cF2IchuxHFLVzaSQfydAmiHZJGXLgaUorpIN6yz1e0VFWKmS6j4wGjZOos3QoJ9rkha0jKbOiHfBesADjxk-qjJ24TJ0RL-xkZHQyzS69YlA1KyzqIKjAMCzgqaDfCwhqxylJzizJksO2h8xpAFXZ38d_grm8XYZtzejiCiAMAR65A
Auth=DQAAAKoAAACRF4pgYULnXULoWgbwfdqmMiRhfZYa1l-LW_rwGD7cofov4L4c2bVrtCOXbEbkju_hhqdAonpMkrb5icptt28fU8c-s-u1y2MXNYDxPIdQzfA2t6oI3NTmyj35MpsR1NKL4TN7ZVEn6z9NueuiKAqLHukZYh1YMGkGC8M6rVvA7AWPW36064XCQED7KLVNp_pGT00lrni7UdZKZWEy0FT-EVR-OxDyHWw6C-5Kmfkisw

返回的内容包括SID，LSID和Auth三个部分，其中Auth是我们需要的内容。

有了Auth和registration_id值后，我们就可以继续用curl命令模拟我们自己服务器的功能向C2DM发送要推送的数据：

lingaohe@lingaohe-laptop:~$ curl -H "Authorization:GoogleLogin auth=DQAAAKoAAACRF4pgYULnXULoWgbwfdqmMiRhfZYa1l-LW_rwGD7cofov4L4c2bVrtCOXbEbkju_hhqdAonpMkrb5icptt28fU8c-s-u1y2MXNYDxPIdQzfA2t6oI3NTmyj35MpsR1NKL4TN7ZVEn6z9NueuiKAqLHukZYh1YMGkGC8M6rVvA7AWPW36064XCQED7KLVNp_pGT00lrni7UdZKZWEy0FT-EVR-OxDyHWw6C-5Kmfkisw" -d "registration_id=APA91bGUBoSvt3G5Ny9t0IGLmIKAKYX6G6VHwSQHh3tP2fqcaQ0N4GPdKh5B3RDUHFCFF06YwT8ifOP_cOy5BAWyCLHL8d8NpuIW9AqXt9h2JSBVF2MitZA&collapse_key=1&data.msg=ichliebejiajia" https://android.apis.google.com/c2dm/send

其中发送的数据部分为data.msg=ichliebejiajia，表示发送的数据内容为ichliebejiajia，键值为msg，键值得和Android终端上的程序统一好，以便终端上可以获取。如果发送成功，会返回一个id值，比如：

id=0:1308623423080544%6c5c15c200000031
lingaohe@lingaohe-laptop:~$

这时我们的服务器就已经把数据发送给C2DM服务器了，Android设备上一会就能接收到C2DM服务器Push的数据。

在我们的例子中我们可以看到DDMS中打印出的消息：

获取到的Push数据
图7 获取到的Push数据

同时Android模拟器的状态栏上会有对应的通知显示：

Android模拟器接收到的Push数据
图8 Android模拟器接收到的Push数据

这样我们就快速实现了下Android的C2DM框架的Push功能。进一步的具体解释说明及服务器端的代码处理我们以后再学习。

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