首页 > 代码库 > SpringMVC数据校验
SpringMVC数据校验
一、数据校验
在web应用程序中,为了防止客户端传来的数据引发程序异常,常常需要对 数据进行验证。输入验证分为客户端验证与服务器端验证。客户端验证主要通过JavaScript脚本进行,而服务器端验证则主要通过Java代码进行验证。 为了保证数据的安全性,一般情况下,客户端和服务器端验证都是必须的
二、关键步骤:
①、导入JAR包
SpringMVC支持JSR(Java Specification Result,Java规范提案)303-Bean Validation数据验证规范。而该规范的实现者很多,其中较常用的是Hibernate Validator。需要注意的是,Hibernate Validator是与Hibernate ORM并列的Hibernate的产品之一。这一点从Hibernate官网上所提供的资源形式可以看出他们之间的关系。
②applicationContext.xml中配置验证器
③定义实体类,打注解标记
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
public class UserInfo { @NotEmpty (message= "用户名不能为空" ) @Size (min= 3 ,max= 6 ,message= "姓名长度应在{min}-{max}" ) private String username; @NotNull (message= "成绩最大值为100" ) @Min (value=http://www.mamicode.com/ 0 ,message= "成绩不能小于{value}" ) @Max (value=http://www.mamicode.com/ 100 ,message= "成绩不能大于{value}" ) private Integer score; @NotEmpty (message= "手机号码不允许为空" ) @Pattern (regexp= "^1[34578]\\d{9}$" ,message= "手机号码格式不正确" ) private String phone; } |
注:
下面是主要的验证注解及说明:
注解 |
适用的数据类型 |
说明 |
@AssertFalse |
Boolean, boolean |
验证注解的元素值是false |
@AssertTrue |
Boolean, boolean |
验证注解的元素值是true |
@DecimalMax(value=http://www.mamicode.com/x) |
BigDecimal, BigInteger, String, byte,short, int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of Number andCharSequence. |
验证注解的元素值小于等于@ DecimalMax指定的value值 |
@DecimalMin(value=http://www.mamicode.com/x) |
BigDecimal, BigInteger, String, byte,short, int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of Number andCharSequence. |
验证注解的元素值小于等于@ DecimalMin指定的value值 |
@Digits(integer=整数位数, fraction=小数位数) |
BigDecimal, BigInteger, String, byte,short, int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of Number andCharSequence. |
验证注解的元素值的整数位数和小数位数上限 |
@Future |
java.util.Date, java.util.Calendar; Additionally supported by HV, if theJoda Time date/time API is on the class path: any implementations ofReadablePartial andReadableInstant. |
验证注解的元素值(日期类型)比当前时间晚 |
@Max(value=http://www.mamicode.com/x) |
BigDecimal, BigInteger, byte, short,int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type ofCharSequence (the numeric value represented by the character sequence is evaluated), any sub-type of Number. |
验证注解的元素值小于等于@Max指定的value值 |
@Min(value=http://www.mamicode.com/x) |
BigDecimal, BigInteger, byte, short,int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of CharSequence (the numeric value represented by the char sequence is evaluated), any sub-type of Number. |
验证注解的元素值大于等于@Min指定的value值 |
@NotNull |
Any type |
验证注解的元素值不是null |
@Null |
Any type |
验证注解的元素值是null |
@Past |
java.util.Date, java.util.Calendar; Additionally supported by HV, if theJoda Time date/time API is on the class path: any implementations ofReadablePartial andReadableInstant. |
验证注解的元素值(日期类型)比当前时间早 |
@Pattern(regex=正则表达式, flag=) |
String. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of CharSequence. |
验证注解的元素值与指定的正则表达式匹配 |
@Size(min=最小值, max=最大值) |
String, Collection, Map and arrays. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of CharSequence. |
验证注解的元素值的在min和max(包含)指定区间之内,如字符长度、集合大小 |
@Valid |
Any non-primitive type(引用类型) |
验证关联的对象,如账户对象里有一个订单对象,指定验证订单对象 |
@NotEmpty |
|
验证注解的元素值不为null且不为空(字符串长度不为0、集合大小不为0) |
@Range(min=最小值, max=最大值) |
|
验证注解的元素值在最小值和最大值之间 |
@NotBlank |
|
验证注解的元素值不为空(不为null、去除首位空格后长度为0),不同于@NotEmpty,@NotBlank只应用于字符串且在比较时会去除字符串的空格 |
@Length(min=下限, max=上限) |
|
验证注解的元素值长度在min和max区间内 |
|
|
验证注解的元素值是Email,也可以通过正则表达式和flag指定自定义的email格式 |
④书写Controller方法
⑤搭建jsp页面
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
<form action= "${pageContext.request.contextPath }/first.do" method= "post" > <h1>数据验证</h1> 姓名:<input name= "username" />${namemsg }<br/><br/> 成绩:<input name= "score" />${scoremsg}<br/><br/> 电话:<input name= "phone" />${phonemsg }<br/><br/> <input type= "submit" value=http://www.mamicode.com/ "注册" /> </form> |
实现效果:
若都不进行输入:
若输入合法:
SpringMVC数据校验