在学习springMvc时，导入springfreemarker 的jar包，写好web.xml,config.xml 后。

部署到tomcat，异常如下：

八月 27, 2016 5:44:41 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property ‘source‘ to ‘org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:springMvc‘ did not find a matching property.
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Server version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.68
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Server built: Feb 8 2016 20:25:54 UTC
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Server number: 7.0.68.0
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: OS Name: Windows 7
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: OS Version: 6.1
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Architecture: x86
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Java Home: C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_60
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: JVM Version: 1.8.0_60-b27
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: CATALINA_BASE: D:\Eclipse\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp3
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: CATALINA_HOME: D:\tomcat
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=D:\Eclipse\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp3
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=D:\tomcat
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dwtp.deploy=D:\Eclipse\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp3\wtpwebapps
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Djava.endorsed.dirs=D:\tomcat\endorsed
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dfile.encoding=GBK
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.33 using APR version 1.5.1.
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
八月 27, 2016 5:44:42 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener initializeSSL
信息: OpenSSL successfully initialized (OpenSSL 1.0.1m 19 Mar 2015)
八月 27, 2016 5:44:43 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8080"]
八月 27, 2016 5:44:43 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
八月 27, 2016 5:44:43 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 1410 ms
八月 27, 2016 5:44:43 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
八月 27, 2016 5:44:43 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.68
八月 27, 2016 5:44:43 下午 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase validateJarFile
信息: validateJarFile(D:\Eclipse\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp3\wtpwebapps\springMvc\WEB-INF\lib\javax.servlet-5.1.12.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 3.0, section 10.7.2. Offending class: javax/servlet/Servlet.class
八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/springMvc]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1120)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:819)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1572)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1562)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/springMvc]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:153)
... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/apache/commons/logging/Log;
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.util.Introspection.getDeclaredFields(Introspection.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:270)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationServletAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:65)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:415)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:892)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:386)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5472)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.logging.Log
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1858)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1701)
... 20 more

八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1120)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:300)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:444)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:738)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:693)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:294)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:428)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:153)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1572)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1562)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:819)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
... 6 more

八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:153)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:693)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:294)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:428)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:153)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:738)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:153)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:444)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:300)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
... 11 more

八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8080"]
八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
信息: Stopping service Catalina
八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8080"]
八月 27, 2016 5:44:44 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]

网上查看：

1、servlet.jar 包是servlet5.jar的，可能与tomcat 不兼容，改为servler3.jar;还是出错

2、查看web servlet-mapping url-pattern 路径ok，springmvc controller requestMapping ok

3、检查未加入 common.log.jar 包，加入后 ，重新 run on server，错误解决。

Tomcat unable to start