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Openstack 实战讲解之-----05-控制节点Nova服务安装配置
一、Nova介绍
Nova是openstack最早的两块模块之一,另一个是对象存储swift
。在openstack体系中一个叫做计算节点
,一个叫做控制节点
。这个主要和nova相关,我们把安装为计算节点nova-compute
,把除了nova-compute叫做控制节点。nova-compute是创建虚拟机的,只是创建虚拟机,所有的控制都在另一台上。
1.1 功能和特点:
实例生命周期的管理
管理计算资源
网络和认证管理
REST风格的API
异步的一致性通信
Hypervisor透明:支持Xen,XenServer/XCP,KVM,UML,VMware vSphere and Hyper-V
1.2 Nova 云架构包括以下主要组件:
API Server(nova-api)
Message Queue(rabbitmq server)
Compute Worker(nova-compute)
Network Controller(nova-network)
Volume Worker (Nova-volume)
Scheduler(nova-scheduler)
1.2.1 组件介绍
API:实现了RESTful API功能,是外部访问Nova的唯一途径。
接收外部的请求并通过Message Queue将请求发送给其他的服务组件,同时也兼容EC2 API,所以也可以用EC2的管理工具对nova进行日常管理。
Scheduler:模块在OpenStack中负责决策虚拟机创建在那台主机(计算节点)上。
决策一个虚拟机应该调度到某物理节点,需要分两个步骤:
1.过滤(Fliter) 首先获取过未过滤的主机列表,根据过滤属性,选择服务条件的计算节点主机。
2.计算权值(Weight) 经过主机过滤,需要对主机进行权值的计算,根据策略选择相应的某一台主机。
Cert:负责身份认证
Conductor:计算节点访问数据库的中间件
Consoleauth:用于控制台的授权验证
Novncproxy:VNC代理
二、安装配置Nova服务
2.1 修改配置文件
[root@linux-node1 ~]# grep -n ‘^[a-z]‘ /etc/nova/nova.conf 14:auth_strategy=keystone #keystone连接 2062:use_neutron=true #启用neutron网络 3052:enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata #启用计算和元数据 3265:firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver 3601:transport_url=rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.56.11 3662:connection=mysql://nova:nova@192.168.56.11/nova 4679:connection=mysql+pymysql://nova:nova@192.168.56.11/nova 4814:api_servers= 5429 [keystone_authtoken]下面添加 5431:auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000 5432:auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357 5433:memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211 5434:auth_type = password 5435:project_domain_name = default 5436:user_domain_name = default 5437:project_name = service 5438:username = nova 5439:password = nova 6706:lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp 8385:vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0 8397:vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.56.11
2.2 同步数据库
[root@linux-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manageapi_db sync" nova [root@linux-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-managedb sync" nova
2.3 数据库验证
mysql -h192.168.56.11 -unova-pnova -e "use nova;show tables;" #如果存在表就证明成功了
2.4 启动nova
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enableopenstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.serviceopenstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service [root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctlstart openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.serviceopenstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.serviceopenstack-nova-novncproxy.service
2.5 项目及端点配置
root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack service create --name nova > --description "OpenStack Compute" compute +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Compute | | enabled | True | | id | 200e9f78a4654e0394eec200c4dab31d | | name | nova | | type | compute | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne > compute public http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | dfb98d75fe7e44da898280d48e331a63 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 200e9f78a4654e0394eec200c4dab31d | | service_name | nova | | service_type | compute | | url | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s | +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne > compute public http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | a656fdf0dce34db39fdce5c3fd3d3e40 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 200e9f78a4654e0394eec200c4dab31d | | service_name | nova | | service_type | compute | | url | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s | +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne > compute admin http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 85a0a9b5d4db449cab48b7c033aabac3 | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 200e9f78a4654e0394eec200c4dab31d | | service_name | nova | | service_type | compute | | url | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s | +--------------+----------------------------------------------+
2.6 验证nova镜像
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack host list +-------------+-------------+----------+ | Host Name | Service | Zone | +-------------+-------------+----------+ | linux-node1 | consoleauth | internal | | linux-node1 | conductor | internal | | linux-node1 | scheduler | internal | +-------------+-------------+----------+
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Openstack 实战讲解之-----05-控制节点Nova服务安装配置