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使用JDBC实现Oracle用户认证

两天时间写的小品,以前的J2EE环境基本使用框架。现在使用JDBC配合Oracle存储过程模拟了一下用户注册和用户认证。

一、添加必须的jar包

需要JDBC连接Oracle的包和shiro-core依赖,添加shiro-core主要为了方便使用SHA-256散列算法。

二、编写JDBC连接

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Oracle {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Oracle.class);

    public static Connection getConnection() {
        Connection conn = null;
        try {
            Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
            logger.debug("尝试连接数据库");
            String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.20:1541:test";
            String username = "apps";
            String password = "apps";
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
            logger.error(cnfe.getMessage());
        } catch (SQLException sqle) {
            logger.error(sqle.getMessage());
        }
        return conn;
    }

    public static void closeConnection(Connection conn) {
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close();
                conn = null;
            }
        } catch (SQLException sqle) {
            logger.error(sqle.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

三、建表

-- Create table
create table LH_USER_T
(
  id       INTEGER not null,
  username VARCHAR2(255),  -- 用户名
  password VARCHAR2(255),  -- 密码
  roleid   INTEGER  -- 外键链接
)

完整的用户添加和认证授权应该至少包含三张表:user_table、role_table和permission_table,本文不展开讨论。

四、添加用户

UserDao类负责数据库通信,密码散列由UserService类实现。

import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class UserDao {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserDao.class);

    // 添加用户
    public void saveUser(int userid, String username, String password, int roleid) {
        String sql = "insert into lh_user_t values (?,?,?,?)";
        Connection conn = Oracle.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        try {
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            ps.setInt(1, userid);
            ps.setString(2, username);
            ps.setString(3, password);
            ps.setInt(4, roleid);
            ps.executeUpdate();
        } catch (SQLException sqle) {
            logger.error(sqle.getMessage());
        } finally {
            Oracle.closeConnection(conn);
            if (ps != null) {
                try {
                    ps.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    logger.error(e.getMessage());
                }
                ps = null;
            }
        }
    }

    // 验证用户(后面添加)

}

UserService类

import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.Sha256Hash;

public class UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;
    private static int userid = 1;

    public UserService() {
        userDao = new UserDao();
    }

    public void saveUser(String username, String password, int roleid) {
        String nPassword = new Sha256Hash(password).toHex();
        userDao.saveUser(UserService.userid, username, nPassword, roleid);
    }

    //...
}

五、用户验证(Oracle存储过程)

create or replace procedure validate_user(in_username in varchar2,
                                          in_password in varchar2,
                                          out_result  out varchar2) as
  tmp_uid lh_user_t.id%type;
begin
  select count(*)
    into tmp_uid
    from lh_user_t t
   where t.username = in_username
     and t.password = in_password;
  out_result := S;
exception
  when NO_DATA_FOUND then
    out_result := E;
end;

六、用户验证(JDBC调用存储过程)

import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class UserDao {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserDao.class);

    // 添加用户
    // {...}

    // 验证用户
    public String validateUser(String username, String password) {
        String sql = "call validate_user(?,?,?)";
        String result = null;
        Connection conn = Oracle.getConnection();
        CallableStatement cs = null;
        try {
            cs = conn.prepareCall(sql);
            cs.setString(1, username);
            cs.setString(2, password);
            cs.registerOutParameter(3, Types.VARCHAR);
            cs.execute();
            result = cs.getString(3);
        } catch (SQLException sqle) {
            logger.error(sqle.getMessage());
        } finally {
            Oracle.closeConnection(conn);
            if (cs != null) {
                try {
                    cs.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    logger.error(e.getMessage());
                }
                cs = null;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

下面还需要在UserService类中添加散列算法

public class UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;
    private static int userid = 1;

    public UserService() {
        userDao = new UserDao();
    }

    // {...}

    public String validateUser(String username, String password) {
        String nPassword = new Sha256Hash(password).toHex();
        return userDao.validateUser(username, nPassword);
    }
}

七、总结

应用层根据service类返回的字符串判断用户是否认证成功,‘E‘ 代表失败,‘S‘ 代表成功。使用任何验证框架都需要从数据库中读取用户密码并在Java的框架中完成对比,个人更喜欢把这些工作交给数据库去完成,可以节省资源。

使用JDBC实现Oracle用户认证