首页 > 代码库 > zz CABasicAnimation的使用方法
zz CABasicAnimation的使用方法
CABasicAnimation类的使用方式就是基本的关键帧动画。
所谓关键帧动画,就是将Layer的属性作为KeyPath来注册,指定动画的起始帧和结束帧,然后自动计算和实现中间的过渡动画的一种动画方式。
CABasicAnimation的基本使用顺序
1.引用QuartzCore.framework
将"QuartzCore.framework"这个库添加到项目中。并且在需要使用CABaseAnimation类的地方import头文件。
- #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
2.CABaseAnimation的实例化以及关键路径的注册
使用"animationWithKeyPath:"方法进行CABasicAnimation的实例化,并指定Layer的属性作为关键路径来注册。
- // 指定position属性
- CABasicAnimation *animation =
- [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
3.设定动画
设定动画的属性。以下是属性及其对应的说明:
属性 | 说明 |
---|---|
duration | 动画时长(秒为单位)(注:此处与原文有出入) |
repeatCount | 重复次数。永久重复的话设置为HUGE_VALF。 |
beginTime | 指定动画开始时间。从开始指定延迟几秒执行的话,请设置为 「CACurrentMediaTime() + 秒数」的形式。 |
timingFunction | 设定动画的速度变化 |
autoreverses | 动画结束时是否执行逆动画 |
例:
- animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画持续时间
- animation.repeatCount = 1; // 不重复
- animation.beginTime = CACurrentMediaTime() + 2; // 2秒后执行
- animation.autoreverses = YES; // 结束后执行逆动画
- // 动画先加速后减速
- animation.timingFunction =
- [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName: kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
4.设定动画的开始帧和结束帧
设定动画开始和结束帧时的状态。设定的值会变为KeyPath所指定的属性的值。
属性 | 说明 |
---|---|
fromValue | 开始值 |
toValue | 终了值(絶対値) |
byValue | 终了值(相对值) |
例:
- // 指定position属性(移动)
- CABasicAnimation *animation =
- [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
- ???
- // 设定动画起始帧和结束帧
- animation.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(0, 0)]; // 起始点
- animation.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(320, 480)]; // 终了点
5.添加动画
为Layer添加设置完成的动画,可以给Key指定任意名字。
- [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
其他.动画结束后回到初始状态的现象的解决方法
用CABasicAnimation执行动画,在动画结束后会回归动画开始前的状态。想要解决的话,必须设置“removedOnCompletion”和“fillMode”这两个属性。
- // 动画终了后不返回初始状态
- animation.removedOnCompletion = NO;
- animation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
CABasicAnimation的使用示例
实际上CABasicAnimation有很多种使用方法,以下将一一列举。
移动动画
- /* 移动 */
- CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
- // 动画选项的设定
- animation.duration = 2.5; // 持续时间
- animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
- // 起始帧和终了帧的设定
- animation.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:myView.layer.position]; // 起始帧
- animation.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(320, 480)]; // 终了帧
- // 添加动画
- [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
旋转动画
- /* 旋转 */
- // 对Y轴进行旋转(指定Z轴的话,就和UIView的动画一样绕中心旋转)
- CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.y"];
- // 设定动画选项
- animation.duration = 2.5; // 持续时间
- animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
- // 设定旋转角度
- animation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0]; // 起始角度
- animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:22 * M_PI]; // 终止角度
- // 添加动画
- [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"rotate-layer"];
缩放动画
- /* 放大缩小 */
- // 设定为缩放
- CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
- // 动画选项设定
- animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画持续时间
- animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
- animation.autoreverses = YES; // 动画结束时执行逆动画
- // 缩放倍数
- animation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0]; // 开始时的倍率
- animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:2.0]; // 结束时的倍率
- // 添加动画
- [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"scale-layer"];
组合动画
使用CAAnimationGroup类进行复数动画的组合。代码如下:
- /* 动画1(在X轴方向移动) */
- CABasicAnimation *animation1 =
- [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];
- // 终点设定
- animation1.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:80];; // 終点
- /* 动画2(绕Z轴中心旋转) */
- CABasicAnimation *animation2 =
- [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.z"];
- // 设定旋转角度
- animation2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0]; // 开始时的角度
- animation2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:44 * M_PI]; // 结束时的角度
- /* 动画组 */
- CAAnimationGroup *group = [CAAnimationGroup animation];
- // 动画选项设定
- group.duration = 3.0;
- group.repeatCount = 1;
- // 添加动画
- group.animations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:animation1, animation2, nil nil];
- [myView.layer addAnimation:group forKey:@"move-rotate-layer"];
捕获动画开始时和终了时的事件
博主:设定委托对象,实现委托方法,如下:
- /* 移动 */
- CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];
- animation.delegate = self; // 指定委托对象
- // 设定动画选项
- animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画时长
- animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
- // 终点设定
- animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:100];; // 终点
- // 添加动画
- [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
- ???
- /**
- * 动画开始时
- */
- - (void)animationDidStart:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation
- {
- NSLog(@"begin");
- }
- /**
- * 动画结束时
- */
- - (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation finished:(BOOL)flag
- {
- NSLog(@"end");
- }
CABasicAnimation使用时候的注意点
CABasicAnimation正在进行动画的时候,点击了Home按钮后再回到app的时候,动画会被清空。
Objective-C的示例程序
使用CABasicAnimation实现关键帧动画的示例程序如下:
- - (void)viewDidLoad
- {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- // 图像显示
- UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"image01.png"];
- UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:image];
- imageView.center = CGPointMake(160, 240);
- [self.view addSubview:imageView];
- /* 移动 */
- CABasicAnimation *animation1 =
- [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];
- // 起止点的设定
- animation1.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:100];; // 終点
- /* 旋转 */
- CABasicAnimation *animation2 =
- [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.x"];
- // 绕x轴转3圈
- animation2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:66 * M_PI]; // 结束时的角度
- /* 动画组 */
- CAAnimationGroup *group = [CAAnimationGroup animation];
- group.delegate = self;
- group.duration = 5.0;
- group.repeatCount = 1;
- // 动画结束后不变回初始状态
- group.removedOnCompletion = NO;
- group.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
- // 添加动画
- group.animations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:animation1, animation2, nil nil];
- [imageView.layer addAnimation:group forKey:@"move-rotate-layer"];
- }
- /**
- * 动画开始时
- */
- - (void)animationDidStart:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation
- {
- NSLog(@"begin");
- }
- /**
- * 动画结束时
- */
- - (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation finished:(BOOL)flag
- {
- NSLog(@"end");
- }
CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath 一些规定的值
CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath Types
When using the ‘CABasicAnimation’ from the QuartzCore Framework in Objective-C, you have to specify an animationWithKeyPath. This is a long string and is not easily listed in the CABasicAnimation, CAPropertyAnimation, or the CAAnimation class. I ended up finding a handy chart within the Core Animation Programming guide in Apple’s iPhone OS Reference Library. Hope this helps save someone time, at least it will for me.
CABasicAnimation *theAnimation;theAnimation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];theAnimation.delegate = self;theAnimation.duration = 1;theAnimation.repeatCount = 0;theAnimation.removedOnCompletion = FALSE;theAnimation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;theAnimation.autoreverses = NO;theAnimation.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0];"animateLayer"];
我们可以通过animationWithKeyPath键值对的方式来改变动画animationWithKeyPath的值: transform.scale = 比例轉換transform.scale.x = 闊的比例轉換transform.scale.y = 高的比例轉換transform.rotation.z = 平面圖的旋轉opacity = 透明度 marginzPosition backgroundColor cornerRadiusborderWidth boundscontentscontentsRectcornerRadiusframehiddenmaskmasksToBoundsopacitypositionshadowColorshadowOffsetshadowOpacityshadowRadius[self. ui_View.layer removeAllAnimations]; CABasicAnimation *pulse = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"]; pulse.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut]; pulse.duration = 0.5 + (rand() % 10) * 0.05; pulse.repeatCount = 1; pulse.autoreverses = YES; pulse.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithFloat:.8];"bounds"]; anim.duration = 1.f; anim.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/[NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(0,0,10,10)];"cornerRadius"]; anim2.duration = 1.f; anim2.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.f];"cornerRadius"];//contents CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"contents"]; anim.duration = 1.f; anim.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/(id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"1.jpg"].CGImage; anim.toValue = http://www.mamicode.com/(id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"2.png"].CGImage;// anim.byValue = http://www.mamicode.com/(id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"3.png"].CGImage;// anim.toValue = http://www.mamicode.com/(id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;"shadowColor"]; anim.duration = 1.f; anim.toValue = http://www.mamicode.com/(id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;"shadowOffset"]; _anim.duration = 1.f; _anim.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/[NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(0,0)];"shadowOpacity"]; _anim1.duration = 1.f; _anim1.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.5];"shadowRadius"]; _anim2.duration = 1.f; _anim2.fromValue = http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithFloat:10];>复制代码
几个可以用来实现热门APP应用PATH中menu效果的几个方法
+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityForever_Animation:(float)time //永久闪烁的动画
{
CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];
animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];
animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0];
animation.autoreverses=YES;
animation.duration=time;
animation.repeatCount=FLT_MAX;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
return animation;
}
+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityTimes_Animation:(float)repeatTimes durTimes:(float)time; //有闪烁次数的动画
{
CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];
animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];
animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.4];
animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
animation.duration=time;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];
animation.autoreverses=YES;
return animation;
}
+(CABasicAnimation *)moveX:(float)time X:(NSNumber *)x //横向移动
{
CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];
animation.toValue=http://www.mamicode.com/x;
animation.duration=time;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
return animation;
}
+(CABasicAnimation *)moveY:(float)time Y:(NSNumber *)y //纵向移动
{
CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];
animation.toValue=http://www.mamicode.com/y;
animation.duration=time;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
return animation;
}
+(CABasicAnimation *)scale:(NSNumber *)Multiple orgin:(NSNumber *)orginMultiple durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes //缩放
{
CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
animation.fromValue=http://www.mamicode.com/orginMultiple;
animation.toValue=http://www.mamicode.com/Multiple;
animation.duration=time;
animation.autoreverses=YES;
animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
return animation;
}
+(CAAnimationGroup *)groupAnimation:(NSArray *)animationAry durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes //组合动画
{
CAAnimationGroup *animation=[CAAnimationGroup animation];
animation.animations=animationAry;
animation.duration=time;
animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
return animation;
}
+(CAKeyframeAnimation *)keyframeAniamtion:(CGMutablePathRef)path durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes //路径动画
{
CAKeyframeAnimation *animation=[CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
animation.path=path;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];
animation.autoreverses=NO;
animation.duration=time;
animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
return animation;
}
+(CABasicAnimation *)movepoint:(CGPoint )point //点移动
{
CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation"];
animation.toValue=[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:point];
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
return animation;
}
+(CABasicAnimation *)rotation:(float)dur degree:(float)degree direction:(int)direction repeatCount:(int)repeatCount //旋转
{
CATransform3D rotationTransform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(degree, 0, 0,direction);
CABasicAnimation* animation;
animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform"];
animation.toValue= http://www.mamicode.com/[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:rotationTransform];
animation.duration= dur;
animation.autoreverses= NO;
animation.cumulative= YES;
animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
animation.repeatCount= repeatCount;
animation.delegate= self;
return animation;
}
实现view放大再缩小的效果
- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad];layer=[CALayer layer];layer.frame=CGRectMake(50, 200, 50, 50);layer.backgroundColor=[UIColor orangeColor].CGColor;layer.cornerRadius=8.0f;CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];animation.duration=4.0f;animation.autoreverses=NO;animation.repeatCount=1;animation.toValue=http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithInt:-10];"transform.scale"];animationZoomIn.duration=2.0f;animationZoomIn.autoreverses=NO;animationZoomIn.repeatCount=1;animationZoomIn.toValue=http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.56];"transform.scale"];animationZoomOut.beginTime=2.0f;animationZoomOut.duration=2.0f;animationZoomOut.autoreverses=NO;animationZoomOut.repeatCount=1;animationZoomOut.toValue=http://www.mamicode.com/[NSNumber numberWithFloat:.01];>
zz CABasicAnimation的使用方法