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OpenWrt中对USB文件系统的操作, 以及读写性能测试

参考 http://h-wrt.com/en/doc/flash

1. 查看usb存储在启动日志中的信息

# dmesg

[    5.720000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    5.730000] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    5.740000] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    5.740000] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 Enhanced Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    5.750000] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[    5.760000] ehci-platform ehci-platform: EHCI Host Controller
[    5.760000] ehci-platform ehci-platform: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[    5.770000] ehci-platform ehci-platform: irq 3, io mem 0x1b000000
[    5.800000] ehci-platform ehci-platform: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    5.800000] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    5.810000] hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
[    5.810000] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 Open Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    5.820000] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[    5.820000] ohci-platform ohci-platform: Generic Platform OHCI controller
[    5.830000] ohci-platform ohci-platform: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[    5.840000] ohci-platform ohci-platform: irq 14, io mem 0x1c000000
[    5.910000] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    5.910000] hub 2-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
[    6.140000] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-platform
[    6.720000] init: - preinit -
[    7.250000] ar71xx: pll_reg 0xb8050010: 0x11110000
[    7.250000] eth0: link up (1000Mbps/Full duplex)
[    7.270000] random: procd urandom read with 11 bits of entropy available
[   10.540000] jffs2: notice: (383) jffs2_build_xattr_subsystem: complete building xattr subsystem, 0 of xdatum (0 unchecked, 0 orphan) and 0 of xref (0 dead, 0 orphan) found.
[   10.570000] mount_root: loading kmods from internal overlay
[   11.460000] SCSI subsystem initialized
[   11.460000] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
[   11.470000] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[   11.480000] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[   11.490000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[   11.740000] block: attempting to load /tmp/jffs_cfg/upper/etc/config/fstab
[   11.760000] block: extroot: not configured
[   11.760000] mount_root: switching to jffs2 overlay
[   11.800000] eth0: link down
[   11.820000] procd: - early -
[   11.820000] procd: - watchdog -
[   12.490000] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Generic- SD/MMC           1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS
[   12.560000] procd: - ubus -
[   13.170000] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 30220288 512-byte logical blocks: (15.4 GB/14.4 GiB)
[   13.200000] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[   13.200000] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
[   13.200000] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found
[   13.210000] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[   13.240000]  sda: sda1
[   13.250000] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk

2. 用fdisk对usb storage进行分区

root@WNDR3800:~# fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

# 查看磁盘信息
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 14.4 GiB, 15472787456 bytes, 30220288 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1        8192 30220287 30212096 14.4G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

# 删除分区
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 has been deleted.
# 创建新分区, 直接回车, 回车
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-30220287, default 2048): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-30220287, default 30220287): 

Created a new partition 1 of type Linux and of size 14.4 GiB.
# 保存
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busy

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8).

# 重启
root@WNDR3800:~# reboot

3. 使用ext4格式化

# 查看命令参数
root@WNDR3800:~# mkfs.ext4
Usage: mkfs.ext4 [-c|-l filename] [-b block-size] [-C cluster-size]
    [-i bytes-per-inode] [-I inode-size] [-J journal-options]
    [-G flex-group-size] [-N number-of-inodes]
    [-m reserved-blocks-percentage] [-o creator-os]
    [-g blocks-per-group] [-L volume-label] [-M last-mounted-directory]
    [-O feature[,...]] [-r fs-revision] [-E extended-option[,...]]
    [-t fs-type] [-T usage-type ] [-U UUID] [-jnqvDFKSV] device [blocks-count]
# 格式化
root@WNDR3800:~# mkfs.ext4 -L Ext4U01 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
Creating filesystem with 3777280 4k blocks and 944704 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 355a69cf-7a07-4752-a97d-f81a6956c786
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:   2/116
done
# 完成

4. 重启后(让其自动mount), 查看文件系统

root@WNDR3800:~# df -h -T
Filesystem           Type            Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
rootfs               rootfs         12.1M      3.5M      8.6M  29% /
/dev/root            squashfs        2.3M      2.3M         0 100% /rom
tmpfs                tmpfs          61.5M    264.0K     61.3M   0% /tmp
/dev/mtdblock5       jffs2          12.1M      3.5M      8.6M  29% /overlay
overlayfs:/overlay   overlay        12.1M      3.5M      8.6M  29% /
tmpfs                tmpfs         512.0K         0    512.0K   0% /dev
/dev/sda1            ext4           14.1G     36.0M     13.3G   0% /mnt/sda1

5. 性能测试. 需要hdparm, 如果没有的话, 通过opkg install hdparm安装

root@WNDR3800:~# hdparm -Tt /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
 Timing cached reads:   256 MB in  2.01 seconds = 127.67 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads:  44 MB in  3.09 seconds =  14.24 MB/sec

以及dd

root@WNDR3800:/mnt/sda1# time dd count=128 bs=1M if=/dev/zero of=test.test
128+0 records in
128+0 records out
real    0m 28.65s
user    0m 0.00s
sys    0m 0.74s

计算大致的写入为 128/28.64=4.47MB/s

 

OpenWrt中对USB文件系统的操作, 以及读写性能测试