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无人值守安装RHEL6

环境:Vmware workstation 12

系统:RHEL6

方法:FTP+TFTP+DHCP+Kickstart+PXE

准备两台虚拟机一台为已安装系统的虚拟机(IP:192.168.100.110),另一台为刚创建并未安装系统的虚拟机,上网方式均为仅主机模式

1、 安装vsftpd并开启服务:

[root@kickstart ~]# yum -y install vsftpd
[root@kickstart ~]# service vsftpd start
 Starting vsftpd for vsftpd:                                [  OK  ]

2、 安装TFTP,修改配置并开启服务

[root@kickstart ~]# yum -y install tftp
[root@kickstart ~]# yum -y install tftp-server
[root@kickstart ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

修改后配置文件内容如下

service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /tftpboot
        disable                 = no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

启动服务

[root@kickstart ~]# service xinetd start
Starting xinetd:                                           [  OK  ]

3、 安装DHCP,修改配置文件并开启服务

[root@kickstart ~]# yum -y install dhcp
[root@kickstart ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

 修改配置文件内容如下

subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        option subnet-mask              255.255.255.0;
        range dynamic-bootp 192.168.100.150 192.168.100.200;
        default-lease-time      21600;
        max-lease-time          43200;
        next-server             192.168.100.110;
        filename                "pxelinux.0";
}

启动DHCP服务

[root@kickstart ~]# service dhcpd start
Starting dhcpd:                                            [  OK  ]

4挂载光盘到指定的目录

[root@kickstart ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /var/ftp/pub
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

5、 安装kickstart软件

[root@kickstart ~]# yum -y install system-config-kickstart.noarch

6、 配置PXE启动所需要的相关文件

[root@kickstart ~]# mkdir /tftpboot
[root@kickstart ~]# mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@kickstart ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/
[root@kickstart ~]# cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/vesamenu.c32 /tftpboot/
[root@kickstart ~]# cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@kickstart ~]# cp /var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/initrd.img /tftpboot/
[root@kickstart ~]# cp /var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz /tftpboot/
[root@kickstart ~]# chmod 644 /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@kickstart ~]# vim /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

修改后配置文件如下

default vesamenu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600

display boot.msg
menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

label linux
  menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
  menu default
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img ks=ftp://192.168.100.110/ks.cfg
label vesa
  menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
  kernel vmlinuz
.......

 

7、 生成ks.cfg安装配置文件

[root@kickstart ~]# system-config-kickstart

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生成的文件内容如下

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use network installation
url --url="ftp://192.168.100.110/pub"
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$2V2M0UoY$iZIbOYCiKD44lXBUEsOnh1
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use graphical install
graphical
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Installation logging level
logging --level=info
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone  Asia/Shanghai
# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1
%packages
@base
@client-mgmt-tools
@core
@debugging
@basic-desktop
@desktop-debugging
@desktop-platform
@directory-client
@fonts
@general-desktop
@graphical-admin-tools
@input-methods
@internet-browser
@java-platform
@legacy-x
@network-file-system-client
@perl-runtime
@print-client
@remote-desktop-clients
@server-platform
@server-policy
@x11
mtools
pax
python-dmidecode
oddjob
wodim
sgpio
genisoimage
device-mapper-persistent-data
abrt-gui
samba-winbind
certmonger
pam_krb5
krb5-workstation
libXmu
perl-DBD-SQLite
%end

将ks文件复制到指定目录

[root@kickstart ~]# cp ks.cfg /var/ftp/

8、 开始进行无人值守安装

开启另外一个虚拟机,系统将自动进行安装

无人值守安装RHEL6