编译安装小型内核

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2024-07-20 02:18:00 220人阅读

准备环境：宿主机，目标机，硬盘一块

在宿主机上操作：

首先在宿主机上准备一块硬盘sdb，大小为10G即可。分2个区sdb1（50M）和sdb2（512M）。

格式化该磁盘

# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb2

分别挂载

# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/boot/ 
# mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/sysroot/

创建grub文件

# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb

# cd /mnt/boot/
编辑grub配置文件
# vim grub/grub.conf

# cd /mnt/sysroot/

创建目录

编辑#vim /sbin/init

echo -e "Welcome to zhou \033[33Customed \033[0m linux"
mount -n -t proc proc /proc
mount -n -t sysfs sysfs /sys
mount -n -t devtmpfs none /dev
mount -n -o remount,rw /dev/sda2 /
/bin/bash
给其执行权限
# chmod +x sbin/init

执行脚本bincp.sh复制命令：

[root@MinR ~]# bash bincp.sh
Plz enter a command: bash
Plz enter a command: mount
Plz enter a command: umount
Plz enter a command: ls
Plz enter a command: kill
Plz enter a command: ifconfig
Plz enter a command: quit

解压内核

# tar xf linux-3.13.6.tar.xz
# cd linux-3.13.6
# make allnoconfig
# make menuconfig

要手动勾选的内核选项
64-kit kernel
Ceneral setup
    --> Local version - append to kernel release
    --> System V IPC
Enable loadable module support
    --> Module unloading
Enable the block layer
    --> Block layer SG support v4
Processor type and features
    --> Symmetric multi-processing support
    --> Processor family
        --> Core 2/newer Xeon
    --> Multi-core scheduler suppor
Bus options (PCI etc.)
    --> PCI support
Executable file formats / Emulations
    --> Kernel support for ELF binaries
    --> Kernel support for scripts starting with #!
Networking support
    --> Networking options
        --> TCP/IP networking
Device Drivers
    --> Generic Driver Options
        --> Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev
        --> Automount devtmpfs at /dev, after the kernel mounted the rootfs
    --> SCSI device support
        --> SCSI device support
        --> SCSI disk support
    --> Fusion MPT device support
        --> Fusion MPT ScsiHost drivers for SPI
        --> Fusion MPT logging facility
    --> Network device support
        --> Ethernet driver support
            --> Intel devices
                --> Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet support
                --> Intel(R) PRO/1000 PCI-Express Gigabit Ethernet support
    --> Input device support
        --> Mouse interface
        --> Keyboards
        --> Mice
    --> USB support
        --> xHCI HCD (USB 3.0) support
        --> EHCI HCD (USB 2.0) support
        --> OHCI HCD (USB 1.1) support
        --> UHCI HCD (most Intel and VIA) support
File systems
    --> The Extended 4 (ext4) filesystem

# make –j 4

复制bzImage

# cp arch/x86/boot/bzImage /mnt/boot/

而后把磁盘放入到目标机上实验下可否正常启动

# make menuconfig    
# make -j 3       
# make install             
# cp _install/* /mnt/sysroot       
# ls /mnt/sysroot/              
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# cp /root/busybox-1.22.1/_install/* /mnt/sysroot/ -r

为目标创建根文件系统。

# cd /mnt/sysroot 
# mkdir -pv boot dev etc/{rc.d,sysconfig,profile.d} home/{gentoo,fedora，test,}  proc root sys 
usr/{bin,sbin,local,lib,lib64} 
# chown gentoo.gentoo home/gentoo       
# chown test.test  home/test 
# chown fedora.fedora home/fedora

配置文件

# vim /mnt/boot/grub/grub.conf

    timeout 3
    default 0
    title nihao linux
     root (hd0,0)
     kernel /bzImage ro root=/dev/sda2

物理控制台的inittab:
    ::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
    console::respawn:-/bin/sh
    ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot
    ::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r

用户登录界面的inittab
    ::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
    ::respawn:/sbin/getty 19200 tty1
    ::respawn:/sbin/getty 19200 tty2
    ::respawn:/sbin/getty 19200 tty3
    ::respawn:/sbin/getty 19200 tty4
    ::respawn:/sbin/getty 19200 tty5
    ::respawn:/sbin/getty 19200 tty6
    ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot
    ::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r

# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/fstab           
/dev/sda2 / ext4 defaults 0 0    
/dev/sda1 /boot ext4 defaults 0 0    
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0    
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

#!/bin/sh
#
echo -e "Welcome to \033[34mWuKui\033[0m Linux"
echo "remounting root filesystem"
mount -n -o remount,rw /dev/sda2 /
echo "mount all filesystem"
mount -a
echo "create device file"
mdev -s
echo "set hostname is $HOSTNAME"
[ -r /etc/sysconfig/network ] && source /etc/sysconfig/network
[ -z "$HOSTNAME" ] && hostname $HOSTNAME || hostname localhost
export PS1=‘[\u@\h \W]\$‘

# vim  /mnt/sysroot/etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh
fedora:x:501:501::/home/fedora:/bin/sh
test:x:502:502::/home/test:/bin/sh

# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/group
root:x:0:
fedora:x:501:
test:x:502:
# openssl passwd -1 -salt `openssl rand -hex 4`
Password:
$1$fc73284e$Q/Ntg8FKYsasdbZjp/sakjO

# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/shadow
root:$1$fc66576e$Q/Ntg4oKYue0bZjp/uh4T0:16272:0:99999:7:::
fedora:$1$fc66576e$Q/Ntg4oKYue0bZjp/uh4T0:16302:0:99999:7:::
test:$1$fc66576e$Q/Ntg4oKYue0bZjp/uh4T0:16302:0:99999:7:::
# chmod 600 /mnt/sysroot/etc/shadow
# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=mylinux

提供dropbaer
编译

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dropbear
# make PROGRAMS="dropbear dbclient dropbearkey dropbearconvert scp"
# make PROGRAMS="dropbear dbclient dropbearkey dropbearconvert scp" install
# cd /usr/local/dropbear/
# ls bin/
clipboard[55]


# ls sbin/

密钥文件

# bin/dropbearkey -t dss -f 
/etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key # bin/dropbearkey -t rsa -s 2048 -f 
/etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key # ll /etc/dropbear/ clipboard[57] 
# sbin/dropbear -p 22022 -E -F     前台 clipboard[58] # ss -tnlp | 
grep 22022 clipboard[59] 在XSHELL中测试登陆 clipboard[60] 开始移植 # 
PATH=/usr/local/dropbear/bin/:/usr/local/dropbear/sbin/:$PATH clipboard[61] 
clipboard[62] # mkdir /mnt/sysroot/etc/dropbear # dropbearkey -t dss 
-f /mnt/sysroot/etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key # dropbearkey -t rsa -s 
2048 -f /mnt/sysroot/etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_ke # mkdir -pv 
/mnt/sysroot/var/run      dropbear # cp /etc/shells /mnt/sysroot/etc 
# echo /bin/ash >> /mnt/sysroot/etc/shells
dropbare启动时依赖的nsswitch # cp /etc/nsswitch.conf /mnt/sysroot/etc # cp 
-a -d /usr/lib64/libnsspem.so /usr/lib64/libnsssysinit.so 
/usr/lib64/libnssutil3.so /mnt/sysroot/usr/lib64 # cp -a -d 
/lib64/libnss_files* /mnt/sysroot/lib64 # cp -a -d /usr/lib64/libnss3.so  
/usr/lib64/libnss_files.so /mnt/sysroot/usr/lib64    其开机自动挂载 # echo 
"devets    /dev/pts    devpts    gid=5,mode=620 0 0" >> /mnt/etc/fstab 
 
# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit     mkdir /dev/pts     放在mount -a前 
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# vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit   /sbin/ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 
netmask 255.0.0.0 /sbin/ifconfig eth0 192.168.127.53 netmask 255.255.255.0 
export PATH=/usr/local/dropbear/bin:/usr/local/dropbear/sbin:$PATH 
/usr/local/dropbear/sbin/dropbear -p 22

编译安装小型内核

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编译安装小型内核

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