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Java并发:Executor与连接池

 概述

首先来说一说java连接池中常用到的几个类:Executor,ExecutorService,ScheduledExecutorService

  • Executor

执行已经提交的Runnable任务对象。此接口提供了将任务提交和任务执行分离的机制。

  • ExecutorService

它是Executor的子接口,可以终止提交新的线程任务,可以中式线程池里现有的所有线程,还可以批量提交线程任务等。它的方法有很多,可以详细阅读相关的api。

  • ScheduledExecutorService

可延时执行线程任务

本文中案例中的线程实现如下:

public class ThreadDemo implements Runnable{    private String threadName = null;    private boolean flag = true;    private int count;    private int counter;    private long suspend;        /**     * This is the constructor     * @param threadName     * @param count 循环次数     * @param suspend 线程终端时间,单位毫秒     */    public ThreadDemo(String threadName, int count, long suspend) {        super();        this.threadName = threadName;        this.count = count;        this.suspend = suspend;    }    /**     * run     */    @Override    public void run() {        while (flag) {            try {                Thread.sleep(suspend);                System.out.println(threadName+"--------------"+counter);                counter++;                if(counter>count){                    flag = false;                }            } catch (InterruptedException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }    }}
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创建一个无限大的线程池

ExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();executorService1.execute(new ThreadDemo("线程B-1", 5, 200));executorService1.execute(new ThreadDemo("线程B-2", 5, 200));executorService1.shutdown();executorService1.shutdown()作用是拒绝接收其它的线程,在线程池里的线程都执行完后,关闭线程池。

创建一个特定大小的线程池

ExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);executorService1.submit(new ThreadDemo("线程B-1", 5, 200));executorService1.submit(new ThreadDemo("线程B-2", 5, 200));executorService1.submit(new ThreadDemo("线程B-3", 5, 200));executorService1.shutdown();这里创建的线程池大小为2,若是提交的线程个数大于2,多余的则会在队列里等候

创建一个单线程执行的线程池

ExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();executorService1.execute(new ThreadDemo("线程A-1", 5, 200));executorService1.execute(new ThreadDemo("线程A-2", 5, 200));executorService1.shutdown();可提交多个线程,但一次只运行一个线程,其它的在队列里等待

创建延迟执行线程的的线程池

ScheduledExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);executorService1.schedule(new ThreadDemo("线程B-1", 5, 500),1,TimeUnit.SECONDS);executorService1.schedule(new ThreadDemo("线程B-2", 5, 500),2,TimeUnit.SECONDS);executorService1.schedule(new ThreadDemo("线程B-3", 5, 500),3,TimeUnit.SECONDS);executorService1.shutdown();

关于Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(int corePoolSize)中的corePoolSize:当提交一个任务到线程池时,线程池会创建一个线程来执行任务,即使其他空闲的基本线程能够执行新任务也会创建线程,等到需要执行的任务数大于线程池基本大小时就不再创建。如果调用了线程池的prestartAllCoreThreads方法,线程池会提前创建并启动所有基本线程。

创建定时单线程池

ScheduledExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();executorService1.schedule(new ThreadDemo("线程A-1", 5, 500),1,TimeUnit.SECONDS);executorService1.schedule(new ThreadDemo("线程A-2", 5, 500),2,TimeUnit.SECONDS);executorService1.shutdown();

 

每个类有什么方法,看具体的api,以上只是语法范例。

Java并发:Executor与连接池