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liunx ssh与vncview安全"行"

       SSH 为 Secure Shell 的缩写,由 IETF 的网络工作小组(Network Working Group)所制定;SSH 为建立在应用层和传输层基础上的安全协议。SSH 是目前较可靠,专为远程登录会话和其他网络服务提供安全性的协议。利用 SSH 协议可以有效防止远程管理过程中的信息泄露问题。

     VNC (Virtual Network Computer)是虚拟网络计算机的缩写。VNC 是一款优秀的远程控制工具软件,由著名的 AT&T 的欧洲研究实验室开发的。VNC 是在基于 UNIX 和 Linux 操作系统的免费的开源软件远程控制能力强大,高效实用,其性能可以和Windows 和 MAC 中的任何远程控制软件媲美。 在 Linux 中,VNC 包括以下四个命令:vncserver,vncviewer,vncpasswd,和 vncconnect。大多数情况下用户只需要其中的两个命令:vncserver 和 vncviewer。但是VNC 是明文的,不安全的.连接过程可能会被窃听,干扰.可以使用SSH通道加密,然后再由远程主机的回环地址通信,加大了安全性。

   下面就给大家演示一个ssh配合vncview访问的例子。下面就给大家演示一个ssh配合vncview访问的例子这个例子适合redhat|Centos|OEL6以上本,redhat|Centos|OEL5配置不一样。

   1.服务端设置(192.168.1.102)

   1.1 安装vnc

[root@cent2 ~]# yum -y install tigervnc tigervnc-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
…………………..
…………………
Complete!
[root@cent2 ~]# rpm -qa tigervnc
tigervnc-1.1.0-8.el6_5.x86_64
[root@cent2 ~]#

   1.2 修改参数文件

[root@cent2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/vncservers 
# The VNCSERVERS variable is a list of display:user pairs.
#
# Uncomment the lines below to start a VNC server on display :2
# as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own).  You will also
# need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how
# to do that.  
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted!  For a secure way of using VNC, see this URL:
# http://kbase.redhat.com/faq/docs/DOC-7028

# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.

# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel.  See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.

# VNCSERVERS="2:myusername"
# VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600 -nolisten tcp -localhost"

VNCSERVERS="1:oracle 2:grid"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x768 -nolisten tcp"
VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1024x768 -nolisten tcp -SecurityTypes None"
[root@cent2 ~]#
       主要添加了2个vnc用户,oracle用户和grid用户,VNCSERVERARGS[1]表示oracle用户分辨率和协议。但是VNCSERVERARGS[2]代表的grid用户不用输入密码就可以连接。
  

   1.3 为用户设计vnc密码

[root@cent2 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ 
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ 
[oracle@cent2 ~]$ exit
logout
[root@cent2 ~]# 
[root@cent2 ~]# su - grid
[grid@cent2 ~]$ 
[grid@cent2 ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
[grid@cent2 ~]$
      这样做的好处,就是系统用户密码和vnc用户密码分开。

 1.4 启动vnc

[root@cent2 ~]# service vncserver start
Starting VNC server: 1:oracle xauth:  creating new authority file /home/oracle/.Xauthority

New 'cent2:1 (oracle)' desktop is cent2:1

Creating default startup script /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/oracle/.vnc/cent2:1.log

2:grid xauth:  creating new authority file /home/grid/.Xauthority

New 'cent2:2 (grid)' desktop is cent2:2

Creating default startup script /home/grid/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /home/grid/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/grid/.vnc/cent2:2.log

[  OK  ]
[root@cent2 ~]#

 1.5 测试


 如果要连接oracle用户,那就是5901了。这边只是测试下,tigervnc是否配置好。下面才是配置ssh方式的连接
   

 2.客户端设置(192.168.1.103)

  2.1 window客户端

   window客户端验证方式,我们用的工具是CRT

  如果图片,右键直接打开图片的URL好了,分比率挺大的图片。
   通过上面的设置,就把服务器的5901端口映射到本地的5901了,在用vnc工具的时候,就要连接本地了。

   大家看到了没有,这里连接的就是本地的127.0.0.1:5901了。

   2.2 liunx客户端

   利用ssh 映射服务端(192.168.1.102)的5901端口 到 本地的5901端口
[root@cent1 Desktop]# ssh -L 5901:localhost:5901 192.168.1.102
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.102 (192.168.1.102)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is ea:d9:cd:1e:5a:51:79:07:19:d2:e3:50:99:3f:35:a6.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.102' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Address 192.168.1.102 maps to localhost, but this does not map back to the address - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!
root@192.168.1.102's password: 
Last login: Sun Sep  7 18:55:25 2014 from 192.168.1.101
[root@cent2 ~]#
   开启vncviewer
root@cent1 Desktop]# vncviewer 127.0.0.1:5901

TigerVNC Viewer for X version 1.1.0 - built Feb  4 2014 05:24:41
Copyright (C) 1999-2011 TigerVNC Team and many others (see README.txt)
See http://www.tigervnc.org for information on TigerVNC.

Sun Sep  7 11:24:11 2014
 CConn:       connected to host 127.0.0.1 port 5901
 CConnection: Server supports RFB protocol version 3.8
 CConnection: Using RFB protocol version 3.8

Sun Sep  7 11:24:17 2014
 TXImage:     Using default colormap and visual, TrueColor, depth 24.
 CConn:       Using pixel format depth 24 (32bpp) little-endian rgb888
 CConn:       Using Tight encoding

    这样就配置好了,可以在liunx里面登陆了。



liunx ssh与vncview安全"行"