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空空天气预报

之前写了一款基于Android的空空天气预报,能够查看全国各个省、市、县的未来三天的天气预报,有穿衣指数和运动指数建议;

最近准备找工作了,现在重新回顾一下思路。

主要用到的知识有解析xml技术,解析json,mvc架构。

1、首先看下界面结果;

 技术分享技术分享技术分享

 

2、代码思路

2-1 代码架构图

技术分享

 

2-2 设计思路

2-2-1 首先解析一个省市县xml文件,里面的代码样式如图:

  <province id="01" name="北京">
    <city id="0101" name="北京">
      <county id="010101" name="北京" weatherCode="101010100"/>
      <county id="010102" name="海淀" weatherCode="101010200"/>
      <county id="010103" name="朝阳" weatherCode="101010300"/>
      <county id="010104" name="顺义" weatherCode="101010400"/>
      <county id="010105" name="怀柔" weatherCode="101010500"/>
      <county id="010106" name="通州" weatherCode="101010600"/>
      <county id="010107" name="昌平" weatherCode="101010700"/>
      <county id="010108" name="延庆" weatherCode="101010800"/>
      <county id="010109" name="丰台" weatherCode="101010900"/>
      <county id="010110" name="石景山" weatherCode="101011000"/>
      <county id="010111" name="大兴" weatherCode="101011100"/>
      <county id="010112" name="房山" weatherCode="101011200"/>
      <county id="010113" name="密云" weatherCode="101011300"/>
      <county id="010114" name="门头沟" weatherCode="101011400"/>
      <county id="010115" name="平谷" weatherCode="101011500"/>
    </city>
  </province>

2-2-2 模型层的建立

主要是在model层里面建立City、County、Province三个类,下面贴一部分代码:

public class County {
    private int id;//县城主id
    private String countyName;//县城名
    private String countyCode;//县城代码
    private int cityId;//城市id
    ...
public class City {
    private int id;//城市id
    private String cityName;//城市名称
    private String cityCode;//城市代码
    private int provinceId;//省id
        ...
public class Province {
    private int id;//省id
    private String provinceName;//省名
    private String provinceCode;//省代码
    public int getId() {
        ...

2-2-3 数据库的设计

设计两个类,一个类是CoolWeatherOpenHelper 继承自 SQLiteOpenHelper,用于数据库的创建和更新,大致代码如下:

public class CoolWeatherOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    
    public CoolWeatherOpenHelper(Context context, String name,CursorFactory factory, int version) {
        super(context, name, factory, version);
    }
    //创建省、市、县的sql语句
    public static final String CREATE_PROVINCE = 
                  "create table Province ("
                + "id integer primary key autoincrement,"
                + "provinceName text,"
                + "provinceCode text)";
    public static final String CREATE_CITY = 
                  "create table City ("
                + "id integer primary key autoincrement,"
                + "cityName text,"
                + "cityCode text,"
                + "provinceId integer)";
    public static final String CREATE_COUNTY = 
                  "create table County ("
                + "id integer primary key autoincrement,"
                + "countyName text,"
                + "countyCode text,"
                + "cityId integer)";
    //创建数据库            
    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL(CREATE_PROVINCE); //create tables
        db.execSQL(CREATE_CITY);
        db.execSQL(CREATE_COUNTY);
    }
...

设计第二个类CoolWeatherDB,用于插入xml文件中省市县的天气预报代码

public class CoolWeatherDB {
	/**
	 * database name 数据库名
	 */
	public static final String DB_NAME = "cool_weather.db";
	/**
	 * database version ,database is used for operating the database (insert , update, delete, select)
	 */
	public static final int VERSION = 1;
	private static CoolWeatherDB coolWeatherDB;
	private SQLiteDatabase db;
	
	/**
	 * constructor构造函数
	 */
	private CoolWeatherDB(Context context) {
		CoolWeatherOpenHelper dbHelper = new CoolWeatherOpenHelper(context, DB_NAME, null, VERSION);
		db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();//call onCreate method
	}
	/**
	 * get the instance of CoolWeatherDB, use the singleInstance modern
	 * 获得CoolWeatherDB对象,这里使用了单例模式
	 */
	public  synchronized static CoolWeatherDB getInstance(Context context) {
		if(coolWeatherDB == null)
			coolWeatherDB = new CoolWeatherDB(context);
		return coolWeatherDB;
	}
	/**
	 * insert province information to the database
	 * 插入省信息到数据库中
	 */
	public void saveProvince(Province province) {
		if(province != null) {
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put("provinceName", province.getProvinceName());
			values.put("provinceCode", province.getProvinceCode());
			db.insert("Province", null, values);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * insert a list of provinces
	 * 插入一系列省信息到数据库中
	 * @param provinces
	 */
	public void saveMangProvinces(ArrayList<Province> provinces) {
		if(provinces.size() > 0) {
			for(Province province: provinces) {
				ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
				values.put("provinceName", province.getProvinceName());
				values.put("provinceCode", province.getProvinceCode());
				db.insert("Province", null, values);
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * save city
	 * 插入城市信息到数据库中
	 */
	public void saveCity(City city) {
		if(city != null) {
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put("cityName", city.getCityName());
			values.put("cityCode", city.getCityCode());
			values.put("provinceId", city.getProvinceId());
			db.insert("City", null, values);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * insert a list of cities
	 * 插入一系列的城市信息到数据库中
	 * @param cities
	 */
	public void saveMangCities(ArrayList<City> cities) {
		
		if(cities.size() > 0) {
			for(City city: cities) {
				ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
				values.put("cityName", city.getCityName());
				values.put("cityCode", city.getCityCode());
				values.put("provinceId", city.getProvinceId());
				db.insert("City", null, values);
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * save county
	 * 插入县信息到数据库中
	 */
	public void saveCounty(County county) {
		if(county != null) {
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put("countyName", county.getCountyName());
			values.put("countyCode", county.getCountyCode());
			values.put("cityId", county.getCityId());
			db.insert("County", null, values);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 插入一系列县信息到数据库中
	 * @param counties
	 */
	public void saveMangCounties(ArrayList<County> counties) {
		if(counties.size() > 0) {
			for(County county: counties) {
				ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
				values.put("countyName", county.getCountyName());
				values.put("countyCode", county.getCountyCode());
				values.put("cityId", county.getCityId());
				db.insert("County", null, values);
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * get province infor from the db
	 * 从数据库中获取省信息
	 */
	public List<Province> loadProvinces() {
		List<Province> list = new ArrayList<Province>();
		Cursor cursor = db.query("Province", null, null, null, null, null, null);
		if(cursor.moveToFirst()) {
			do{
				Province province = new Province();
				province.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id")));
				province.setProvinceName(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("provinceName")));
				province.setProvinceCode(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("provinceCode")));
				list.add(province);
			}while(cursor.moveToNext());
		}
		return list;
	}
	/**
	 * get city infor from the db by provinceId
	 * 根据省id从数据库中获取城市信息
	 */
	public List<City> loadCities(int provinceId) {
		List<City> list = new ArrayList<City>();
		Cursor cursor = db.query("City", null, "provinceId=?", new String[] {String.valueOf(provinceId)}, null, null, null);
		if(cursor.moveToFirst()) {
			do{
				City city= new City();
				city.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id")));
				city.setCityName(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("cityName")));
				city.setCityCode(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("cityCode")));
				list.add(city);
			}while(cursor.moveToNext());
		}
		return list;
	}
	/**
	 * get county information from the database by cityId
	 * 根据城市id从数据库中获取县城信息
	 */
	public List<County> loadCounties(String cityCode) {
		List<County> list = new ArrayList<County>();
		Cursor cursor = db.query("County", null, "cityId=?", new String[]{String.valueOf(cityCode)}, null, null, null);
		if(cursor.moveToFirst()) {
			do{
				County county = new County();
				county.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id")));
				county.setCountyName(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("countyName")));
				county.setCountyCode(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("countyCode")));
				county.setCityId(Integer.parseInt(cityCode));
				list.add(county);
			}while(cursor.moveToNext());
		}
		return list;
	}
}

2-2-4 设计解析xml工具类ParseCity

//用于解析xml中的省市县及对应的代码
public class ParseCity extends Thread {
	public static void parse(final InputStream in,final CoolWeatherDB coolWeatherDB) {
		new Thread(new Runnable() {
			ArrayList<Province> provinces = new ArrayList<Province>();// ArrayList存储多个省
			ArrayList<City> cities = new ArrayList<City>();// ArrayList存储多个市
			ArrayList<County> counties = new ArrayList<County>();// ArrayList存储多个县
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {
					// 用XmlPullParserFactory去解析xml文件,获取实例
					XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory
							.newInstance();
					// 获取XmlPullParser类型的实例
					XmlPullParser xmlPullParser = factory.newPullParser();
					// 设置输入流和编码类型
					xmlPullParser.setInput(in, "utf-8");// set stream
					// 获取事件的类型
					int eventType = xmlPullParser.getEventType();
					// 获得的是事件类型,常用的有:XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT(xml文档结束)
					// XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT(文档开始),XmlPullParser.START_TAG(开始标签)
					// XmlPullParser.END_TAG(结束标签).XmlPullParser.TEXT(内容)
					String cityid = "";// 城市的id
					String fid = "";//设置外键的值
					// 使用while循环,解析完整个xml文件
					while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
						String nodeName = xmlPullParser.getName();
						switch (eventType) {
						// begin to parse somenode 开始解析某个结点
						case XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT:
							break;
						case XmlPullParser.START_TAG: {
							//获取xml中的标记名称,有Province、City、County这三种
							String tagName = xmlPullParser.getName();
							//如果是省的话
							if ("province".equals(tagName)) {
								// get the count of province
								int count = xmlPullParser.getAttributeCount();
								String provinceId = null;//省id
								String provinceName = null;//省名称
								for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
									// 获取id
								String attrName = xmlPullParser.getAttributeName(i);
									// 获取省名称 北京
								String attrValue = http://www.mamicode.com/xmlPullParser.getAttributeValue(i);"id".equals(attrName)) {
										// 用于设置在城市中的外键
										fid = attrValue;
										provinceId = attrValue;
									} else if ("name".equals(attrName)) {
										provinceName = attrValue;
									}
								}
								Province province = new Province();
								province.setProvinceCode(provinceId);
								province.setProvinceName(provinceName);
								// put the parsed data into the list provinces
								//保存省信息到数据库中
								coolWeatherDB.saveProvince(province);
							}
							//如果是城市
							if ("city".equals(tagName)) {
								//获取城市的数量
								int count = xmlPullParser.getAttributeCount();
								//城市名称
								String cityName = null;
								//城市代码
								String cityCode = null;
								//城市的外键,省id
								int provinceId = Integer.parseInt(fid);
								for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
								String attrName = xmlPullParser.getAttributeName(i);
									String attrValue = http://www.mamicode.com/xmlPullParser"id".equals(attrName)) {
										cityid = attrValue;// set foreign id in
										cityCode = attrValue;//城市代码
									} else if ("name".equals(attrName)) {
										cityName = attrValue;//城市名称
									}
								}
								City city = new City();
								city.setCityCode(cityCode);
								city.setCityName(cityName);
								city.setProvinceId(provinceId);
								//在数据库中保存城市
								coolWeatherDB.saveCity(city);
								// cities.add(city);
							}
							if ("county".equals(nodeName)) {
								int count = xmlPullParser.getAttributeCount();
								String countyName = null;//县名称
								String countyCode = null;//县代号
								int cityId = Integer.parseInt(cityid);//获得城市id
								for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
								String attrName = xmlPullParser.getAttributeName(i);
								String attrValue = http://www.mamicode.com/xmlPullParser.getAttributeValue(i);"id".equals(attrName)) {
									} else if ("name".equals(attrName)) {
										countyName = attrValue;
									} else if ("weatherCode".equals(attrName)) {
										countyCode = attrValue;
									}
								}
								County county = new County();
								county.setCountyCode(countyCode);
								county.setCountyName(countyName);
								county.setCityId(cityId);
								//保存县值
								coolWeatherDB.saveCounty(county);
								// counties.add(county);
							}
							break;
						}
						case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
							break;
						case XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT:
							/*
							 * coolWeatherDB.saveMangProvinces(provinces);
							 * coolWeatherDB.saveMangCities(cities);
							 * coolWeatherDB.saveMangCounties(counties);
							 */
							break;
						default:
							break;
						}
						eventType = xmlPullParser.next();
					}
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}).start();

	}
}

2-2-5 选择城市界面

2-2-5-1 首先判断数据库中的内容是否为空,如果为空,那么就去调用ParseCity.parse(open,coolWeatherDB)的方法,如下

              try {
			//如果数据库为空,那么从xml文件中获得城市代号数据
			if(coolWeatherDB.loadProvinces().isEmpty()) {//get infor from xml
				showProgressDialog();//显示正在加载
				InputStream open = this.getResources().getAssets().open("city.xml");
				//调用parseCity
				ParseCity.parse(open,coolWeatherDB);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

2-2-5-2 获取数据后,默认显示省级别的城市,当点击其中一个城市后,在改ListView里面的点击事件去处理对应的逻辑,比如点击四川省,就去查询四川省下的城市,点击成都,就去查询成都下面的城市。

 listView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int index,long arg3) {
				if(currentLevel == LEVEL_RPOVINCE) {
					selectedProvince = provinceList.get(index);
					queryCities();
				}else if(currentLevel == LEVEL_CITY) {
					selectedCity = cityList.get(index);
					queryCounties();
				}else if(currentLevel == LEVEL_COUNTY) {
					String countyCode = countyList.get(index).getCountyCode();
//跳转到天气查询界面 Intent intent = new Intent(ChooseAreaActivity.this,WeatherActivity.class); intent.putExtra("county_code", countyCode); startActivity(intent); finish(); } } });
下面举一个查询的例子,比如查询省下面的城市,调用queryCities()方法:
	private void queryCities() {
		cityList = coolWeatherDB.loadCities(selectedProvince.getId());//根据省id查询城市列表
		if(cityList.size() > 0){
			dataList.clear();
			for(City city:cityList) {
				dataList.add(city.getCityName());
			}
			adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
			listView.setSelection(0);
			titleText.setText(selectedProvince.getProvinceName());
			currentLevel = LEVEL_CITY;
		}
	}

 2-2-5-3 如果查询到了最后一个级别,那么跳转到WeatherActivity界面,传递城市代号过去。

String countyCode = countyList.get(index).getCountyCode();
//跳转到天气查询界面
Intent intent = new  Intent(ChooseAreaActivity.this,WeatherActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("county_code", countyCode);
startActivity(intent);
finish();

 2-2-5-4 WeatherActivity界面代码解析

//获取从ChooseAreaActitivty界面传过来的参数值
String countyCode = getIntent().getStringExtra("county_code");
           if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(countyCode)) {
			data_y.setText("同步中...");
			weatherInfoLayout.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
			cityNameText.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
			//查询天气信息
			queryWeatherCode(countyCode);
			//queryWeatherInfor(countyCode);
			//new ConnectNetThread(WeatherActivity.this, countyCode).start();
		}
private void queryWeatherCode(String countyCode) {
		//查询天气预报网址
		String address = "http://weatherapi.market.xiaomi.com/wtr-v2/weather?cityId=" + countyCode;
		//查询
		queryFromServer(address,"weatherCode");
	}
private void queryFromServer(final String address,final String type) {
		HttpUtil.sendHttpRequest(address, 
			new HttpCallbackListener() {
			@Override
			public void onFinish(String response) {
				if("weatherCode".equals(type)) {
					//回调处理response字符串,即处理天气预报返回的结果
					Utility.hadnleWeatherResponse(WeatherActivity.this, response);
					runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
						@Override
						public void run() {
							//显示天气预报信息
							showWeather();
						}
					});
				}
			}

			@Override
			public void one rror(Exception e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
					
					@Override
					public void run() {
						data_y.setText("同步失败");
					}
				});
			}
			
		});
	}

2-2-5-5 然后去HttpUtil.sendHttpRequest()方法中通过连接网络从服务器端获取json数据,回调HttpCallbackListener接口

其中HttpCallbackListener是一个接口

public interface HttpCallbackListener {
	void onFinish(String response);//调用完成时的方法
	void one rror(Exception e);//出现异常时调用的
}

HttpUtil.sendHttpRequest()的具体实现为:

public static void sendHttpRequest(final String address,final HttpCallbackListener listener) {
		//create a new thread to execute the method
	  new Thread(new Runnable() {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			HttpURLConnection connection = null;
			try{
				URL url = new URL(address);//初始化url对象
				//通过url得到HttpURLConnection对象
				connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
				connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
				connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
				connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
				//获取输入字节流
				InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();//get inputStream
				//将输入字节流转换为带缓冲的输入字符流
				BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,"UTF-8"));
				StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
				String line;
				while((line=reader.readLine()) != null) {
					response.append(line);
				}//return response
				in.close();
				if(listener != null) {
					// call back HttpCallbackListener interface: onFinish() method
					listener.onFinish(response.toString());
				}
			}catch(Exception e) {
				if(listener != null) {
					//call back HttpCallbackListener interface:  one rror()  method
					listener.onError(e);
				}
			}finally{
				if(connection != null) {
					connection.disconnect();
				}
			}
		 }
		}).start();
	}

HttpUtil.sendHttpRequest()方法执行完后,调用

listener.onFinish(response.toString());


然后返回到WeatherActivity中的queryFromServer方法中

HttpUtil.sendHttpRequest(address, 
			new HttpCallbackListener() {
			@Override
			public void onFinish(String response) {
				if("weatherCode".equals(type)) {
					//回调处理response字符串,即处理天气预报返回的结果
					Utility.hadnleWeatherResponse(WeatherActivity.this, response);
					runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
						@Override
						public void run() {
							//显示天气预报信息
							showWeather();
						}
					});
				}
			}

接着执行Utility.hadnleWeatherResponse()的方法

public static void hadnleWeatherResponse(Context context,String response) {
		try {
			//新建JSONObject对象
			JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(response);
			//获取天气预报json对象
			JSONObject weatherInfor = jsonObject.getJSONObject("forecast");
			//获取json数组
			JSONArray jsonArr = jsonObject.getJSONArray("index");
			//int iSize = jsonArr.length();
			//获取运动指数
			JSONObject jsonSports = jsonArr.getJSONObject(1);
			//获取穿衣指数
			JSONObject jsonWear = jsonArr.getJSONObject(2);
			String cityName = weatherInfor.getString("city");
			String cityid = weatherInfor.getString("cityid");//not show
			String date_y = weatherInfor.getString("date_y");
			String wind1 = weatherInfor.getString("wind1");
String weather_desp1 = "今日  " + weatherInfor.getString("temp1") + "  " + weatherInfor.getString("weather1");
String weather_desp2 = "明日  " + weatherInfor.getString("temp2") + "  " + weatherInfor.getString("weather2");
String weather_desp3 = "后日  " + weatherInfor.getString("temp3") + "  " + weatherInfor.getString("weather3");
String sports = jsonSports.getString("name") + "(" + jsonSports.getString("index") + ")\n" + jsonSports.getString("details");
String wear = jsonWear.getString("name") + "(" + jsonWear.getString("index") + ")\n" + jsonWear.getString("details");
//保存天气信息到SharedPreferences的文件中
saveWeatherInfor(context, cityName, cityid, date_y, wind1, weather_desp1, weather_desp2, weather_desp3,sports,wear);
		} catch (JSONException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * save data infor into SharedPreferences file
	 * 保存数据信息到SharedPreferences里面,在WeatherActivity的showWeather()方法中好调用
	 */
	public static void saveWeatherInfor(Context context,String cityName,String cityid,String date_y,String wind1,String weather_desp1,String weather_desp2,String weather_desp3,String sports,String wear){
		SharedPreferences.Editor editor = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context).edit();
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年M月d日",Locale.CHINA);
		editor.putBoolean("city_selected", true);
		editor.putString("city_name", cityName);
		editor.putString("cityid", cityid);
		editor.putString("date_y", sdf.format(new Date()));
		//String time = sdf.format(new Date());
		editor.putString("wind1", wind1);
		editor.putString("weather_desp1", weather_desp1);
		editor.putString("weather_desp2", weather_desp2);
		editor.putString("weather_desp3", weather_desp3);
		editor.putString("sports", sports);
		editor.putString("wear", wear);
		editor.commit();
	}

执行完后,再返回到queryFromServer方法中run()的showWeather()方法,显示天气信息

private void showWeather() {
		SharedPreferences prefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
		cityNameText.setText(prefs.getString("city_name", ""));
		data_y.setText(prefs.getString("date_y", ""));
		wind1.setText(prefs.getString("wind1", ""));
		weather_desp1.setText(prefs.getString("weather_desp1", ""));
		weather_desp2.setText(prefs.getString("weather_desp2", ""));
		weather_desp3.setText(prefs.getString("weather_desp3", ""));
		sports.setText(prefs.getString("sports", ""));
		wear.setText(prefs.getString("wear", ""));
		weatherInfoLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
		cityNameText.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
	}

这样就成功的查询到了一个城市的天气信息了。

3 整体调用关系图

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最后附上代码下载地址

http://files.cnblogs.com/files/fankongkong/CoolWeather.rar

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