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浅谈C# Reflection用处

   乱侃

       作为一名新手,一直没有勇气去写一篇分享。原因有很多:诸如:自己水平有限、语言表达不准确、写出的东西没有一点技术点被人嘲笑。今天在公司听了内部员工的一个分享,其中最重要的一点是:提升自身水平的最佳的途径就是——交流。不管你是通过什么途径,交流也好、整理成文字分享也好等等都是很好的方式。故此,今天献丑写一篇自己的心得分享,欢迎各路大神的指教!

   需求背景

     今天接到的需求里面有个这样的需求,如下图所示,需要打印出如Excel内容呈现的单据。

     

    动手操作第一版本

     而为了实现这个业务需要涉及三张表的数据。(存放单据的表、审核意见表、审核状态表)
     三张表的关系:单据表1:1审核状态表,单据表1:N审核意见表
     为了实现让View页面整洁,我定义了一个SpecialPrintModel类
   public class SpecialPrintModel    {        /// <summary>        /// 供应商承担        /// </summary>        public string SupplierUnderTaker { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 客户订单号        /// </summary>        public string CustomerSerialNumber { get; set; }               /// <summary>        /// 付款金额        /// </summary>        public decimal PayAmount { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 开户行        /// </summary>        public string OpeningBank { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 收款单位        /// </summary>        public string CollectionMonad { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 银行帐号        /// </summary>        public string BankAccount { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 经办人        /// </summary>        public string ResponseiblePerson { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 分管领导        /// </summary>        public string Leader { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 财务审核        /// </summary>        public string FinanceApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 财务经理审核        /// </summary>        public string FinanceManagerApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 财务总监审核        /// </summary>        public string FinanceDirectorApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// CEO审核        /// </summary>        public string CEOApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 流水号        /// </summary>        public string SerialNumber { get; set; }    }
View Code

 

     

 public List<ShipSpecialPrintModel> GetTobePaidRecepit(ShipSpecialSearch search) {     List<ShipSpecialPrintModel> curiseShipModel = new List<ShipSpecialPrintModel>();     var toBePaidModel = persistant.GetTobePaidRecepit(search);//查找出待支付的单据表信息     ArrayList serialArray=new ArrayList();//定义一个流水号列表     toBePaidModel.ForEach((u) => { serialArr.Add(u.SerialNumber); });     var toBePaidComment = persistant.GetTobePaidRecepitComment(serialArr);//查找出待支付单据的审核意见表(1个单据对应多少审核意见)     foreach (var item in toBePaidModel)     {          ShipSpecialPrintModel  temp = new ShipSpecialPrintModel()         {                 SupplierUnderTaker = supplierUnderTaker;                 CustomerSerialNumber = item.CustomerOrderNumber;                 PayAmount = item.PayAmount;                 OpeningBank = item.PayBank;                 CollectionMonad = item.Payee;                 ResponseiblePerson = item.Creator;                 SerialNumber = item.SerialNumber;          };          curiseShipModel.Add(temp);     }       foreach (var curise in curiseShipModel)            {                foreach (var comment in toBePaidComment)                {                    if (comment.SerialNumber == curise.SerialNumber)                    {                        if (comment.ApprovalLevel == (int)LevelType.BranchedLeader)                        {                            curise.Leader = comment.Creator;                        }                        else if (comment.ApprovalLevel == (int)LevelType.Finance)                        {                            curise.FinanceApproval = comment.Creator;                        }                        else if (comment.ApprovalLevel == (int)LevelType.FinanceManager)                        {                            curise.FinanceManagerApproval = comment.Creator;                        }                        else if (comment.ApprovalLevel == (int)LevelType.ProjectDirector)                        {                            curise.FinanceDirectorApproval = comment.Creator;                        }                        else if (comment.ApprovalLevel == (int)LevelType.CEO)                        {                            curise.CEOApproval = comment.Creator;                        }                    }                }            }     return curiseShipModel }
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    呵呵,上面的代码基本完成了业务的需求,可是如果业务需要打印出CTO的名称、CIO的名称那在if else这边加,虽然很简单但是违背了开放-封闭的原则。故本人决定用反射去完成这if...else的事情。
因为if...else里面的判断是当前的这笔单据的审核意见表的层级是不是跟SpecialPrintModel的字段所对应的层级相等,若相等则在对应字段写入相对应的名称。决定把SpecialPrintModel这个类修改下。
 

   动手操作第二版本

    

   public class ShipSpecialPrintModel    {        /// <summary>        /// 供应商承担        /// </summary>        public string SupplierUnderTaker { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 客户订单号        /// </summary>        public string CustomerSerialNumber { get; set; }               /// <summary>        /// 付款金额        /// </summary>        public decimal PayAmount { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 开户行        /// </summary>        public string OpeningBank { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 收款单位        /// </summary>        public string CollectionMonad { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 银行帐号        /// </summary>        public string BankAccount { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 经办人        /// </summary>        public string ResponseiblePerson { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 分管领导        /// </summary>        [LevelAttribute(Level = 1)]        public string Leader { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 财务审核        /// </summary>         [LevelAttribute(Level = 2)]        public string FinanceApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 财务经理审核        /// </summary>         [LevelAttribute(Level = 3)]        public string FinanceManagerApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 财务总监审核        /// </summary>         [LevelAttribute(Level = 4)]        public string FinanceDirectorApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// CEO审核        /// </summary>         [LevelAttribute(Level = 5)]        public string CEOApproval { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 流水号        /// </summary>        public string SerialNumber { get; set; }    }    public class LevelAttribute : Attribute    {        public int Level { get; set; }    }
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  var toBePaidComment = persistant.GetTobePaidRecepitComment(ArrayList.Adapter(toBePaidModel.Select(u => u.SerialNumber).ToList()));   var specialPropertyInfo = (from property in typeof(CuriseShipSpecialPrintModel).GetProperties()                                       where property.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(LevelAttribute), false).Count() > 0                                       select property).ToList();  toBePaidModel.ForEach((item)=>{       ShipSpecialPrintModel  temp = new ShipSpecialPrintModel()         {                 SupplierUnderTaker = supplierUnderTaker;                 CustomerSerialNumber = item.CustomerOrderNumber;                 PayAmount = item.PayAmount;                 OpeningBank = item.PayBank;                 CollectionMonad = item.Payee;                 ResponseiblePerson = item.Creator;                 SerialNumber = item.SerialNumber;          };       var thisComments=toBePaidComment.Where(u=>u.SerialNumber =item.SerialNumber ).ToList();       thisComment.ForEach((cm)=>       {         if(cm.ApprovalLevel==(specialPropertyInfo.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(LevelAttribute),false).First() as LevelAttribute).Level)          {              cm.SetValue(model,cm.Creator,null);          }         });  })
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    然而看到,propertyInfos那边基本上每循环一次都需要去反射查找下元素,为了避免这样的性能消耗,决定再修改一翻,定义一个字典去存储SpecialPrintModel标有特性类的字段。

 

   动手操作第三版本

    

  Dictionary<int, PropertyInfo> dic = new Dictionary<int, PropertyInfo>();   propertyInfos.ForEach((myProperty) => {            dic.Add((a.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(LevelAttribute),false).First() as LevelAttribute).Level,myProperty));      } );  comments.ForEach((cm) =>                    {                            if (dic.Keys.Contains(cm.ApprovalLevel))                            {                                dic[cm.ApprovalLevel].SetValue(model, cm.Creator, null);                            }                    });
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   总体经过三次的修改,已经避免if...else的代码。这样而言,也比较适合后面比如再需要打印CTO审核的名称。那样只需要再Model类里面填写字段与在字段上加上个特效。

  总结

      就像我同事说的那样,做任务事情只要想想、多敲几次。一些问题就不是问题了。好了,今天就写到这里吧。晚安各位!2014年9月3日 23:09:20

浅谈C# Reflection用处