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Android中include的使用
如果在程序中多次用到一部分相同的布局,可以先将这部分布局定义为一个单独的XML,然后在需要的地方通过<include>引入,如下:
main.xml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < RelativeLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" > < include android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:id = "@+id/cell1" layout = "@layout/item" android:layout_marginTop = "10dp" android:layout_marginLeft = "45dp" /> < include android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:id = "@+id/cell2" layout = "@layout/item" android:layout_toRightOf = "@+id/cell1" android:layout_alignTop = "@+id/cell1" android:layout_marginLeft = "20dp" /> < include android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:id = "@+id/cell3" layout = "@layout/item" android:layout_toRightOf = "@+id/cell2" android:layout_alignTop = "@+id/cell1" android:layout_marginLeft = "20dp" /> </ RelativeLayout > |
item.xml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < RelativeLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:visibility = "invisible" > < ImageView android:background = "#000000" android:id = "@+id/iv_img" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:clickable = "true" android:focusable = "false" /> < TextView android:id = "@+id/tv_name" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:textColor = "#a17006" android:textStyle = "bold" android:textSize = "22dp" android:layout_alignLeft = "@+id/iv_img" android:layout_below = "@+id/iv_img" /> </ RelativeLayout > |
使用Android include时需要注意的是要指定宽高属性,要不可能会出现一些意想不到的效果,比如引用了三次,而界面上只显示了一个item。
另一篇:
在一个项目中我们可能会需要用到相同的布局设计,如果都写在一个xml文件中,代码显得很冗余,并且可读性也很差,所以我们可以把相同布局的代码单独写成一个模块,然后用到的时候可以通过<include /> 标签来重用layout代码。
app_title.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/titleLayout"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@drawable/bt" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<TextView android:text="@string/login"
android:id="@+id/title" android:textSize="20px"
android:textColor="@color/white"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<Button android:text="返回"
android:id="@+id/refresh"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:focusable="false"
android:textColor="@color/white"
android:background="@drawable/okbutton"
android:layout_marginRight="3px"/> </RelativeLayout>
app_tradelogin.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- android:layout_below与 android:layout_above 是必须设置的,否则界面不规则,不设置android:layout_above本界面没有滑动效果-->
<ScrollView android:layout_below="@+id/titleLayout"
android:layout_above="@+id/appbottom"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_centerInParent="true" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/theWholeLinearLayout"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:paddingLeft="10px"
android:paddingTop="6px"
android:paddingRight="10px" >
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/linearLayoutLeft"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TableLayout android:id="@+id/widget43"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:stretchColumns="1">
<TableRow >
<!-- 引用定义好的TextView样式,如果这里的属性和样式里定义的属性重复,则这里会替换样式里定义的属性-->
<TextView android:id="@+id/traderName" android:text="@string/traderName" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/>
<Spinner android:id="@+id/traderNameS" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> </Spinner> </TableRow> <TableRow>
<TextView android:id="@+id/departName" android:text="@string/departName" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/>
<Spinner android:id="@+id/departNameS" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> </TableRow> <TableRow > <TextView android:id="@+id/strComponyName" android:text="@string/accType" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/>
<Spinner android:id="@+id/accTyte" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> </TableRow> <TableRow > <TextView android:id="@+id/strUserAcc" android:text="@string/userAcc" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/accEditText" android:text="" android:numeric="decimal" style="@style/StyleEditText1" mce_style="@style/StyleEditText1"/> </TableRow> <TableRow > <TextView android:id="@+id/userPwd" android:text="@string/userPWD" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/userPwdET" android:text="" android:password="true" style="@style/StyleEditText1" mce_style="@style/StyleEditText1"/> </TableRow> <TableRow > <TextView android:id="@+id/commPwd" android:text="@string/commPWD" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/commPwdET" android:text="" android:password="true" style="@style/StyleEditText1" mce_style="@style/StyleEditText1"/> </TableRow> </TableLayout> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/linearLayoutTab1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:orientation="horizontal"> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/linearLayoutTab2" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_weight="1"> <CheckBox android:id="@+id/recordAcc" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/commPwd" android:text="@string/saveUserAcc" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/linearLayoutTab2" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_weight="1"> <CheckBox android:id="@+id/hideAcc" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/commPwd" android:text="@string/ycUserAcc" style="@style/StyleTextInfo1" mce_style="@style/StyleTextInfo1"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/linearLayoutTab1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:orientation="horizontal"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="220px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center"> <Button android:id="@+id/confirmexch" android:gravity="center" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="50px" android:textSize="22dp" android:text="@string/login" android:layout_weight="1" android:focusable="false" android:textColor="@color/white" android:background="@drawable/buttonl"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/linearLayoutTab" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:gravity="center"> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="50px" android:id="@+id/myImage"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </ScrollView>
app_bottom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/appbottom" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@drawable/light"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/about" android:layout_width="30px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="http://www.mamicode.com/@drawable/ttt" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/light" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/black"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@drawable/mainmenu"> <Button android:id="@+id/quotButton" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="52px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/white" android:text="" android:background="@drawable/button1"/> <Button android:id="@+id/entrustButton" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="52px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/white" android:text="" android:background="@drawable/button1"/> <Button android:id="@+id/queryButton" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="52px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/white" android:text="" android:background="@drawable/button1"/> <Button android:id="@+id/yinZhengButton" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="52px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/white" android:text="" android:background="@drawable/button1"/> <Button android:id="@+id/recordButton" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="52px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/white" android:text="" android:background="@drawable/button1"/> <Button android:id="@+id/logoutButton" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="52px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/white" android:text="" android:background="@drawable/button1"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
tradelogin_portrait.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" style="@style/StyleLayoutMain" mce_style="@style/StyleLayoutMain" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <!-- include标签内不能设置RelativeLayout属性,如android:layout_alignParentBottom,因为不起作用 --> <!-- include标签内设置id属性后(android:id),其引用的布局layout内的id属性就不起作用了,怀疑是其引用的layout外层包裹了一层include标签 或者是覆盖了其内的属性id--> <!-- 如果没有include标签,所有布局代码都写在一个xml文件中,界面会显得很冗余,可读性很差。而且界面加载的时候是按照顺序加载的,前面的布局不能 调用其后面的布局id。而采用include后,一个include中可以引用其后的include中的布局id属性 --> <include android:id="@id/titleLayout" layout="@layout/app_title" />
<include layout="@layout/app_tradelogin"/> <include layout="@layout/app_bottom"/> </RelativeLayout>
效果如下:
Android中include的使用