题目链接：hdu 5008 Boring String Problem

题目大意：给定一个字符串，初始状态l，r为0，每次询问子串中字典序第l^r^v+1的子串区间，对于重复的输出下标小的。

解题思路：后缀数组，对给定字符串做后缀数组，然后根据height数组确定每个位置做为起点的子串有多少，然后二分查找确定起点位置，但是因为子串的重复的要输出下表小的，所以确定起点后还要确定字典序最小的下标。

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

typedef unsigned long long ll;
const int maxn = 1e5+5;

struct Suffix_Arr {
    int n, s[maxn];
    int SA[maxn], rank[maxn], height[maxn];
    int tmp_one[maxn], tmp_two[maxn], c[maxn];

    ll sum, num[maxn];

    void init (char* str);
    int idx(char ch);
    void build(int m);
    void get_height();
    void get_substring();
    void query(ll x, ll& L, ll& R);
}AC;

int n;
ll l, r, x;
char str[maxn];

int main () {
    while (scanf("%s", str) == 1) {
        AC.init(str);
        AC.build(27);
        AC.get_height();
        AC.get_substring();

        scanf("%d", &n);
        l = r = 0;
        while (n--) {
            scanf("%I64d", &x);

            AC.query((x^l^r) + 1, l, r);
            printf("%I64d %I64d\n", l, r);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

void Suffix_Arr::query(ll x, ll& L, ll& R) {
    if (x >= sum) {
        L = R = 0;
        return;
    }

    int l = 0, r = n;
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        int mid = (l + r) / 2;
        if (num[mid] < x)
            l = mid;
        else
            r = mid;
    }

    int len = height[l] + x - num[l], pos = SA[l];

    for (int i = l + 1; height[i] >= len && i < n; i++)
        pos = min(SA[i], pos);
    for (int i = l - 1; height[i+1] >= len && i >= 0; i--)
        pos = min(SA[i], pos);

    L = pos + 1;
    R = pos + len;
}

void Suffix_Arr::get_substring() {
    num[0] = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        num[i] = num[i-1] + (n - 1 - SA[i-1]) - height[i-1];
    sum = num[n];
}

void Suffix_Arr::init (char* str) {
    n = strlen(str);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        s[i] = idx(str[i]);
    s[n++] = 0;
}

int Suffix_Arr::idx(char ch) {
    return ch - ‘a‘ + 1;
}

void Suffix_Arr::get_height() {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        rank[SA[i]] = i;

    int mv = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (mv) mv--;

        if (rank[i] == 0) {
            height[0] = 0;
            continue;
        }

        int j = SA[rank[i]-1];
        while (s[i+mv] == s[j+mv])
            mv++;
        height[rank[i]] = mv;
    }
}

void Suffix_Arr::build (int m) {
    int *x = tmp_one, *y = tmp_two;

    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) c[i] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[x[i] = s[i]]++;
    for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) c[i] += c[i-1];
    for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) SA[--c[x[i]]] = i;

    for (int k = 1; k <= n; k <<= 1) {

        int mv = 0;
        for (int i = n - k; i < n; i++) y[mv++] = i;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (SA[i] >= k)
            y[mv++] = SA[i] - k;

        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) c[i] = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[x[y[i]]]++;
        for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) c[i] += c[i-1];
        for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) SA[--c[x[y[i]]]] = y[i];

        swap(x, y);
        mv = 1;
        x[SA[0]] = 0;

        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
            x[SA[i]] = (y[SA[i-1]] == y[SA[i]] && y[SA[i-1] + k] == y[SA[i] + k] ? mv - 1 : mv++);

        if (mv >= n)
            break;
        m = mv;
    }
}

hdu 5008 Boring String Problem(后缀数组)