Centos6.5 搭建openstack

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实验环境

俩台CENTOS6.5 最小化安装，1核1Gb内存，iptables 关闭，selinux 关闭

Controller ip 192.168.11.182

Compute1 ip 192.168.11.183

1 安装时间同步，俩台机子上都要安装

yum install ntp

service ntpd start

chkconfig ntpd on

2 配置网络资源

yum install yum-plugin-priorities –y

yum install –y http://repos.fedorapeople.org/repos/openstack/openstack-icehouse/rdo-release-icehouse-3.noarch.rpm

yum install –y http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

yum install –y openstack-utils openstack-selinux

yum upgrade

reboot

2 配置网络

2.1 controller node

  1 配置管理接口

DEVICE=eth0

TYPE=Ethernet

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.11.182

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.11.2

DNS1=192.168.11.2

  2 配置hosts记录

192.168.11.182 controlle

192.168.11.183 compute1

2.2 compute1 node

  1 配置管理接口

DEVICE=eth0

TYPE=Ethernet

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.11.183

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.11.2

DNS1=192.168.11.2

 2 配置外部接口

DEVICE=eth1

TYPE=Ethernet

ONBOOT="yes"

BOOTPROTO="none"

 3 配置hosts记录

192.168.11.182 controlle

192.168.11.183 compute1

重启网卡

service network restart

测试

ping -c 4 www.openstack.org

ping -c 4 controlle

ping -c 4 compute1

3 controlle node

1 mysql 安装

yum install mysql mysql-server MySQL-python  -y

1.1 mysql配置

Vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

...

bind-address = 192.168.11.182

default-storage-engine = innodb

innodb_file_per_table

collation-server = utf8_general_ci

init-connect = ‘SET NAMES utf8‘

character-set-server = utf8

1.2启动mysql

service mysqld start

chkconfig mysqld on

1.3 设置mysql的root密码

mysql_install_db

mysql_secure_installation

2消息中间件Qpid服务安装与配置

yum install qpid-cpp-server

2.1 关闭身份认证

vi /etc/qpidd.conf

auth=no

2.2重启qpidd服务

service qpidd start

chkconfig qpidd on

3.认证服务Keystone安装与配置

3.1安装

yum install openstack-keystonepython-keystoneclient -y

3.2 配置数据库

openstack-config --set/etc/keystone/keystone.conf \

database connection mysql://keystone:keystone@controller/keystone

3.3 创建数据库并授权

mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE keystone;

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ONkeystone.* TO ‘keystone‘@‘localhost‘ \

IDENTIFIED BY ‘keystone‘;

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ONkeystone.* TO ‘keystone‘@‘%‘ \

IDENTIFIED BY ‘keystone‘;

mysql> exit

3.4 导入数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

3.5生成字符串秘钥并添加到配置文件

ADMIN_TOKEN=$(openssl rand -hex 10)

# echo $ADMIN_TOKEN

# openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.confDEFAULT \

admin_token $ADMIN_TOKEN

3.6默认keystone使用PKI令牌，创建签名秘钥和证书

keystone-manage pki_setup --keystone-userkeystone --keystone-group keystone

chown -R keystone:keystone/etc/keystone/ssl

chmod -R o-rwx /etc/keystone/ssl

3.7 启动服务

service openstack-keystone start

chkconfig openstack-keystone on

3.8定期清理过期的令牌，提高性能

(crontab -l -u keystone 2>&1 | grep-q token_flush) || \

echo ‘@hourly /usr/bin/keystone-managetoken_flush >/var/log/keystone/keystone-tokenflush.log 2>&1‘ >>/var/spool/cron/keystone

3.9设置令牌及服务位置环境变量

exportOS_SERVICE_TOKEN=ADMIN_TOKEN（这里官网有点问题应该是）

export OS_SERVICE_TOKEN=$ADMIN_TOKEN

exportOS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT=http://controller:35357/v2.0

3.10创建admin用户、角色和租户

keystone user-create --name=admin --pass= ADMIN_PASS(更改成admin的密码，自己设定，这里我设置的是admin)--email=ADMIN_EMAIL(自己设定邮箱)创建管理员用户

keystone role-create --name=admin 创建管理员角色

#为管理员创建租户

keystone tenant-create --name=admin--description="AdminTenant"

#将角色添加到用户

keystone user-role-add --user=admin--tenant=admin --role=admin

keystone user-role-add --user=admin--role=_member_ --tenant=admin

3.11创建service租户

keystone tenant-create --name=service--description="ServiceTenant"

3.12创建keystone标识服务

keystone service-create --name=keystone --type=identity \

--description="OpenStackIdentity"

3.13创建服务端点，指定API的URL

keystone endpoint-create \

--service-id=$(keystone service-list | awk‘/ identity / {print$2}‘) \

--publicurl=http://controller:5000/v2.0 \

--internalurl=http://controller:5000/v2.0\

--adminurl=http://controller:35357/v2.0

3.14取消变量

unset OS_SERVICE_TOKEN OS_SERVICE_ENDPOINT

3.15测试身份认证

keystone --os-username=admin--os-password=admin \

--os-auth-url=http://controller:35357/v2.0token-get

keystone --os-username=admin --os-password=admin \

--os-tenant-name=admin--os-auth-url=http://controller:35357/v2.0 token-get

3.16设置环境变量，也可以写在.bash_profile

vi /root/admin-openrc.sh

export OS_USERNAME=admin

export OS_PASSWORD=admin

export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin

exportOS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:35357/v2.0

source admin-openrc.sh

3.17验证是否授权成功

keystone token-get

keystone user-list

keystone user-role-list --user admin--tenant admin

keystone --os-password admin service-list

3.18安装client通过http访问各组件客户端

yum install -y python-keystoneclient python-glanceclient python-novaclient python-swiftclientpython-neutronclient python-cinderclient python-troveclient python-heatclient python-ceilometerclient

4.镜像服务Glance安装与配置

4.1安装

yum install -y openstack-glance python-glanceclient

现在启动glance-api，要不然会可能后面启动不起来。

service openstack-glance-api start

4.2配置数据库

openstack-config --set/etc/glance/glance-api.conf database \
connection mysql://glance:glance@controller/glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf database \
connection mysql://glance:glance@controller/glance

openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.confDEFAULT rpc_backend qpid
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.confDEFAULT qpid_hostname controller

4.3 创建数据库

mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE glance;

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.*TO ‘glance‘@‘localhost‘ \

IDENTIFIED BY ‘glance‘;

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.*TO ‘glance‘@‘%‘ \

IDENTIFIED BY ‘glance‘;

4.4 导入数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-managedb_sync" glance

报错提示（不知道什么意思）

/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/Crypto/Util/number.py:57:PowmInsecureWarning: Not using mpz_powm_sec. You should rebuild using libgmp >= 5 to avoid timing attackvulnerability.

_warn("Not using mpz_powm_sec. You should rebuild using libgmp >= 5 to avoid timing attackvulnerability.", PowmInsecureWarning)

Google搜到的地址

https://ask.openstack.org/en/question/28335/you-should-rebuild-using-libgmp-5-to-avoid-timing-attack-vulnerability-_warnnot-using-mpz_powm_sec-you-should-rebuild-using-libgmp-5-to-avoid-timing/

Currently rhel has GMP version 4.something
PyCrypto needs GMP >= 5

Because rhel is slightly behind we have to re-make The GNU Multiple PrecisionArithmetic Library stuff.
For this we have to download the sources from https://gmplib.org/#DOWNLOAD

According to the instructions from the package:
tar -xvjpf gmp-6.0.0a.tar.bz2
./configure
make
make check <= VERY IMPORTANT!!
make install

With the right libraries we rebuild PyCrypto
pip install --ignore-installed PyCrypto

As a side note, whenever building and re-building do a
yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install gcc libgcc glibc libffi-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-developenssl-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel ncurses-devel
It will take care of many problems you might encounter due to missing compilersand header files.

4.5创建glance用户并加入角色admin

keystone user-create --name=glance--pass=glance--email=glance@example.com

keystone user-role-add --user=glance--tenant=service --role=admin

4.6配置认证信息

openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_urihttp://controller:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_hostcontroller
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_port35357
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_protocol http
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtokenadmin_tenant_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken admin_userglance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtokenadmin_password glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf paste_deploy flavor keystone

openstack-config --set/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken auth_uri http://controller:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtokenauth_host controller
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtokenauth_port 35357
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtokenauth_protocol http
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtokenadmin_tenant_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken admin_user glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtokenadmin_password glance
openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf paste_deploy flavorkeystone

4.7创建glance标识服务

keystone service-create --name=glance--type=image--description="OpenStackImage Service"

4.8创建Glance API接口URL

keystone endpoint-create \
--service-id=$(keystone service-list | awk ‘/ image / {print$2}‘) \
--publicurl=http://controller:9292 \
--internalurl=http://controller:9292 \
--adminurl=http://controller:9292

4.9启动glance服务

service openstack-glance-api restart
service openstack-glance-registry start
chkconfig openstack-glance-api on
chkconfig openstack-glance-registry on

4.10上传测试镜像

mkdir /tmp/images

cd /tmp/images/

wget http://cdn.download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.2/cirros-0.3.2-x86_64-disk.img

glance image-create --name"cirros-0.3.2-x86_64" --disk-format qcow2 \

--container-format bare --is-public True--progress <cirros-0.3.2-x86_64-disk.img

4.11查看上传镜像状态

glance image-list

5.计算服务Nova API安装与配置

5.1安装

yum install openstack-nova-apiopenstack-nova-cert openstack-nova-conductor \

openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxyopenstack-nova-scheduler \

python-novaclient

5.2配置数据库

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf database \

connection mysql://nova:nova@controller/nova

5.3配置Qpid及VNC

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT rpc_backend qpid
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT qpid_hostname controller
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT my_ip 192.168.1.11
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT vncserver_listen192.168.1.11
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT vncserver_proxyclient_address

192.168.1.11

5.4创建数据库

mysql -uroot -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE nova;

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO‘nova‘@‘localhost‘ \

IDENTIFIEDBY ‘nova‘;

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO‘nova‘@‘%‘ \

IDENTIFIEDBY ‘nova‘;

mysql> exit

5.5导入数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage dbsync" nova

5.6创建nova用户并加入角色admin

keystone user-create --name=nova --pass=nova--email=nova@example.com

keystone user-role-add --user=nova--tenant=service --role=admin

5.7配置认证信息

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken \
auth_uri http://controller:5000
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_host controller
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_protocolhttp
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_port 35357
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken admin_user nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken admin_tenant_nameservice
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken admin_password nova

5.8创建nova服务标识

keystone service-create--name=nova--type=compute --description="OpenStackCompute"

5.9创建Nova API接口URL

keystone endpoint-create \
--service-id=$(keystone service-list | awk ‘/ compute / {print$2}‘) \
--publicurl=http://controller:8774/v2/%$tenant_id$s \
--internalurl=http://controller:8774/v2/%$tenant_id$s \
--adminurl=http://controller:8774/v2/%$tenant_id$s

5.10启动相关服务

service openstack-nova-api start
service openstack-nova-cert start
service openstack-nova-consoleauth start
service openstack-nova-scheduler start
service openstack-nova-conductor start
service openstack-nova-novncproxy start
chkconfig openstack-nova-api on
chkconfig openstack-nova-certon
chkconfig openstack-nova-consoleauth on
chkconfig openstack-nova-scheduler on
chkconfig openstack-nova-conductor on
chkconfig openstack-nova-novncproxy on

5.11查看镜像状态

# nova image-list

5.12配置控制节点使用nova网络

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT network_api_classnova.network.api.API

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT security_group_api nova

5.13重启服务

service openstack-nova-api restart
service openstack-nova-scheduler restart
service openstack-nova-conductor restart

5.14创建网络（一般创建的网络不能与宿主机在同一网段，避免冲突）

# source admin-openrc.sh

nova network-create admin-net --bridgebr100 --multi-host T --fixed-range-v4 192.168.1.0/24

[root@controller~]# nova net-list

6.Web页面dashboard服务安装与配置

6.1安装

yum install memcached python-memcachedmod_wsgi openstack-dashboard -y

6.2配置用memcached来缓存dashboard，并设置允许外部访问与配置数据库

# vi /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
CACHES = {
‘default‘:{
‘BACKEND‘:‘django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache‘,
‘LOCATION‘: ‘127.0.0.1:11211‘
}
}
ALLOWED_HOSTS= [‘192.168.11.182‘, ‘my-desktop‘]
OPENSTACK_HOST= "controller"

DEBUG = True

6.3启动相关服务

service httpd start
service memcached start
chkconfig httpd on
chkconfig memcached on

6.4访问dashboard

http://192.168.11.182/dashboard

7 Compute Node

1.安装MySQL-python

yum install -y MySQL-python

2.计算服务Nova-Compute安装与配置

2.1安装计算服务

yum install -y openstack-nova-compute

2.2配置数据库

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confdatabase connection mysql://nova:nova@controller/nova

2.3配置认证信息

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT auth_strategy keystone

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confkeystone_authtoken auth_uri http://controller:5000

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confkeystone_authtoken auth_host controller

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confkeystone_authtoken auth_protocol http

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confkeystone_authtoken auth_port 35357

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confkeystone_authtoken admin_user nova

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confkeystone_authtoken admin_tenant_name service

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confkeystone_authtoken admin_password nova

2.4配置Qpid

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT rpc_backend qpid

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT qpid_hostname controller

2.5配置计算服务提供远程控制台访问实例

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT my_ip 192.168.11.183
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT vnc_enabled True
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT vncserver_listen 0.0.0.0
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULTvncserver_proxyclient_address 192.168.11.183
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf \

DEFAULT novncproxy_base_url http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

2.6如果系统不支持硬件虚拟化则配置libvirt为qemu，生产环境是kvm

# egrep -c ‘(vmx|svm)‘/proc/cpuinfo #查看是否支持虚拟化

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT glance_host controller

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conflibvirt virt_type qemu

2.7启动相关服务

service libvirtd start
service messagebus start
service openstack-nova-compute start
chkconfig libvirtd on
chkconfig messagebus on
chkconfig openstack-nova-compute on

3.Nova-Network服务安装与配置

3.1安装

yum install -y openstack-nova-networkopenstack-nova-api

3.2配置FlatDHCP

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULT network_api_class nova.network.api.API
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT security_group_api nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.confDEFAULTnetwork_managernova.network.manager.FlatDHCPManager
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT \
firewall_driver nova.virt.libvirt.firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT network_size 254
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT allow_same_net_traffic False
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT multi_host True
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT send_arp_for_ha True
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT share_dhcp_addressTrue
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT force_dhcp_release True
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT flat_network_bridge br100
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT flat_interface eth1
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT public_interface eth0

3.3启动相关服务

service openstack-nova-network start
service openstack-nova-metadata-api start
chkconfig openstack-nova-network on
chkconfig openstack-nova-metadata-api on

3.4查看服务与连接Compute节点是否正常

[root@controller~]# nova-manage servicelist

Binary Host Zone Status State Updated_At

nova-cert controller internal enabled :-) 2014-09-16 12:44:13

nova-consoleauth controller internal enabled :-) 2014-09-16 12:44:10

nova-scheduler controller internal enabled :-) 2014-09-16 12:44:10

nova-conductor controller internal enabled :-) 2014-09-16 12:44:13

nova-compute compute1 nova enabled :-) 2014-09-16 12:44:03

nova-network compute1 internal enabled :-) 2014-09-16 12:44:07

3.5查看各组件服务状态，没启动要手动重启下

# cd /etc/init.d/; for i in $( ls openstack-*); do service $i status; done

3.6常见故障解决之nova-api已死，pid还存在（openstack-nova-apideadbut pid file exists）

故障现象：dashboard无法访问

故障分析：查看日志，tail /var/log/nova/api.log发现

2014-07-15 12:16:23.714 3046 ERRORnova.wsgi [-] Could not bind to0.0.0.0:8775

2014-07-15 12:16:23.715 3046 CRITICAL nova[-] error: [Errno 98] Addressalready in use

故障解决：可以看出8775已经监听了，但为什么起不起来呢，这就不得而知了，我们可以通过kill这个进程再重启服务，即可解决！

# netstat -tupln | grep 8775

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8775 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3142/python

# kill 3142

# service openstack-nova-api start

8创建云主机

1.1创建控制台无密码登陆虚拟机密钥

# ssh-keygen （一直回车）

export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin

export OS_USERNAME=admin

export OS_PASSWORD=admin

exportOS_AUTH_URL="http://controller:5000/v2.0/"

export EC2_URL=$(keystone catalog --serviceec2 | awk ‘/ publicURL / { pri

nt $4 }‘)

export CREDS=$(keystoneec2-credentials-create)

export EC2_ACCESS_KEY=$(echo "$CREDS"| awk ‘/ access / { print $4 }‘)

export EC2_SECRET_KEY=$(echo"$CREDS" | awk ‘/ secret / { print $4 }‘)

# nova keypair-add --pub-key~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub admin-key

1.2查看上传的密钥对

# nova keypair-list

1.3查看创建主机类型，也就是要分配主机资源模板

# nova flavor-list

[root@controller~]# nova flavor-list

+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |

| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |

| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True |

| 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True |

| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True |

+----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

1.4设置default默认访问规则，允许ping和22访问

# nova secgroup-add-rule default icmp -1 -10.0.0.0/0

# nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 220.0.0.0/0

1.5创建虚拟机

nova boot --flavor m1.tiny --imagecirros-0.3.2-x86_64 --security-groupdefault --key-name admin-key cirros

1.6查看云主机状态

[root@controller~]# nova list

+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+

+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+

1.7登陆Horizon控制台查看云主机

问题是我在windows下的浏览器中查看云主机，没有办法解析cotroller这个计算机名，解决办法更改windows hosts 文件

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

# localhost name resolution is handledwithin DNS itself.

# 127.0.0.1 localhost

# ::1 localhost

192.168.11.182 controller

本文出自 “linux” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://7506939.blog.51cto.com/7496939/1554479

Centos6.5 搭建openstack

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Centos6.5 搭建openstack

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