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python字符串
str:字符串
str.capitalize()首字母变大写:
>>> ret="nanhua"
>>> s=ret.capitalize()
>>> s
‘Nanhua‘
str.center()指定字符串左右居中(可指定长度及填充字符,默认空格):
>>> ret="nanhua"
>>> s=ret.center(20)
>>> s
‘ nanhua ‘
>>> s1=ret.center(20,"@")
>>> s1
‘@@@@@@@nanhua@@@@@@@‘
str.count():计算子序列的个数(子序列在字符串中出现的次数)(可指定范围):
>>> ret="something for nothing"
>>> s=ret.count("th")
>>> s
2
>>> s=ret.count("th",0,10)
>>> s
1
str.endswith():检测字符串是否以指定子序列结尾(可指定范围):
>>> ret="lost in world"
>>> s=ret.endswith("ld")
>>> s
True
>>> s1=ret.endswith("in",3,8)
>>> s1
False
>>> s1=ret.endswith("in",3,7)
>>> s1
Tru
str.startswith():检测字符串是否以指定子序列开始(可指定范围):
>>> ret="lost in world"
>>> s=ret.startswith("lost")
>>> s
True
>>> s1=ret.startswith("s",2,4)
>>> s1
True
str.expandtabs():将tab键转换为空格(\t:默认八个空格,可指定):
>>> ret="lost\tin\tworld"
>>> ret
‘lost\tin\tworld‘
>>> s=ret.expandtabs()
>>> s
‘lost in world‘
>>> s1=ret.expandtabs(10)
>>> s1
‘lost in world‘
str.find():找到第一个指定子序列的索引(找不到返回-1):
>>> ret="lost in world"
>>> s=ret.find("o")
>>> s
1
>>> s=ret.find("o",3,10)
>>> s
9
>>> s=ret.find("!")
>>> s
-1
rfind()
str.format():字符串的格式化:
>>> ret="Hello {0} interest {1}"
>>> new1=ret.format("Nanhua","computer")
>>> ret
‘Hello {0} interest {1}‘
>>> new1
‘Hello Nanhua interest computer‘
{0},{1}:可作为占位符,只能从0开始
str.index():寻找子序列的位置,找不到就报错:
>>> ret="lost in world"
>>> s=ret.index("o")
>>> s
1
>>> s=ret.index("o",3,10)
>>> s
9
>>> s=ret.index("!")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#235>", line 1, in <module>
s=ret.index("!")
ValueError: substring not found
rindex()
isalnum()判断是否是字母或数字
isalpha()判断是否都是字母
isdigit()判断是否都是数字
islower()判断是否小写
isupper()判断是否大写
isspace()是否空格
istitle()是否标题
join():
>>> li=["a","b","c","d","e"]
>>> "&".join(li)
‘a&b&c&d&e‘
>>> li=("a","b","c","d","e")
>>> "&".join(li)
‘a&b&c&d&e‘
ljust()内容左对齐,右侧填充内容:
rjust()内容右对齐,左侧填充内容:
>>> s.rjust(20)
‘ nanhua ‘
>>> s="nanhua"
>>> s.rjust(20)
‘ nanhua‘
>>> s.ljust(20)
‘nanhua
lstrip()去掉左边空格:
rstrip()去掉右边空格:
strip()去掉左右两边空格:
>>> s=" nanhua "
>>> s.lstrip()
‘nanhua ‘
>>> s.rstrip()
‘ nanhua‘
>>> s.strip()
‘nanhua‘
str.partition()根据找到的第一个指定子序列分成元祖:
>>> s="lost in world"
>>> s.partition("o")
(‘l‘, ‘o‘, ‘st in world‘)
str.replace()替换子序列:
>>> s="no problem"
>>> s.replace("o","s")
‘ns prsblem‘
split()根据指定子序列分割字符串:
>>> s="lost in world"
>>> s.split("o")
[‘l‘, ‘st in w‘, ‘rld‘]
swapcase()大小写互换:
>>> s="Nanhua"
>>> s.swapcase()
‘nANHUA‘
str.title()转换为标题:
>>> s="lost in world"
>>> s.title()
‘Lost In World‘
str.upper()变大写:
str.lower()变小写:
>>> s="NanHua"
>>> s.upper()
‘NANHUA‘
>>> s.lower()
‘nanhua‘
python字符串