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centos7下keepalived1.3.4安装与使用
keepalived是集群管理中保证集群高可用的一个服务软件，其功能类似于heartbeat，用来防止单点故障。
一、下载keepalived
http://www.keepalived.org/
如：keepalived-1.3.4.tar.gz
二、安装keepalived
> tar xf keepalived-1.3.4.tar.gz> cd keepalived-1.3.4> ./configure --prefix=/data/keepalived> make && make install
复制/sbin/keepalived到/usr/sbin下
> cp /data/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
keepalived默认会读取/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf配置文件
> mkdir /etc/keepalived> cp /data/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
复制sysconfig文件到/etc/sysconfig下
> cp /data/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
复制启动脚本到/etc/init.d下
> cd /data/keepalived-1.3.4> cp ./keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/> chmod 755 /etc/init.d/keepalived
三、实验环境说明
两台虚拟机，IP分别为192.168.1.222和192.168.1.233，虚拟机与真实主机是桥接模式上网并互通。
分别装上了nginx和haproxy，nginx创建了两个虚拟主机，端口号为8080和8082，配置如下：
server { listen 8080; server_name localhost; location / { root /data/www/site1; index index.html index.htm; }}server { listen 8082; server_name localhost; location / { root /data/www/site2; index index.html index.htm; }}haproxy绑定80端口，反向代理这四台主机，配置如下：
global log 127.0.0.1 local3 info chroot /data/haproxy user haproxy group haproxy daemon stats socket /data/haproxy/haproxy.sock mode 600 level admin stats timeout 2mdefaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull timeout connect 5000 timeout client 50000 timeout server 50000frontend http_front bind *:80 stats uri /haproxy?stats #默认使用的后端 default_backend http_backbackend http_back balance roundrobin option httpchk GET /index.html option forwardfor header X-Forwarded-For server node1 192.168.1.222:8080 check inter 2000 rise 3 fall 3 weight 30 server node2 192.168.1.222:8082 check inter 2000 rise 3 fall 3 weight 30 server node3 192.168.1.233:8080 check inter 2000 rise 3 fall 3 weight 30 server node4 192.168.1.233:8082 check inter 2000 rise 3 fall 3 weight 30
三、keepalived的配置
两台虚拟主机上分别装上keepalived
keepalived的配置文件/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#全局配置global_defs { #接收通知的email notification_email { lackone@126.com } #发送通知的email notification_email_from haproxy_01@126.com #smtp服务器地址 smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 #运行的标识 router_id haproxy_01}#vrrp的实例配置#haproxy_01名称可自定义vrrp_instance haproxy_01 { #主节点 state MASTER #实例绑定的网卡 #注意centos7下第一块网卡不是eth0，请自行查看，不然keepalived无法启动成功 interface eno16777736 #虚拟路由ID，唯一 virtual_router_id 51 #权重 priority 150 #检查的时间间隔 advert_int 2 #验证 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass haproxy_01 } #设置虚拟IP地址 virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.11 }}另一台主机上的配置只需修改
state BACKUPpriority 100
配置好后，启动keepalived服务
> service keepalived start
查看网络接口列表
> ip addr list
tcpdump查看，这里的eno16777736是我的网卡名
> tcpdump -i eno16777736 -n ‘host 224.0.0.18‘
19:13:30.260858 IP 192.168.1.222 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 2s, length 2419:13:32.261878 IP 192.168.1.222 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 2s, length 2419:13:34.263286 IP 192.168.1.222 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 2s, length 24
然后我们手动把MASTER的keepalived关掉
> service keepalived stop
然后再用tcpdump查看
> tcpdump -i eno16777736 -n ‘host 224.0.0.18‘
19:16:05.120377 IP 192.168.1.233 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 100, authtype simple, intvl 2s, length 2419:16:07.121645 IP 192.168.1.233 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 100, authtype simple, intvl 2s, length 2419:16:09.122353 IP 192.168.1.233 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 100, authtype simple, intvl 2s, length 24
很明显看到已从222切换到了233了。
然后我们通过浏览器访问192.168.1.10或192.168.1.11可以看到后台服务切换正常，实现了222和233两台主机间服务的高可用。
centos7下keepalived1.3.4安装与使用
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