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tomcat ssi配置及升级导致ssi include错误问题解决

最近tomcat升级版本时,遇到了ssi解析的问题,记录下解决的过程,还有tomcat ssi配置的要点。

tomcat 配置SSI的两种方式

Tomcat有两种方式支持SSI:Servlet和Filter。

SSIServlet

通过Servlet,org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServlet,默认处理”*.shtml”的URL。

配置方式:

修改tomcat的 conf/web.xml文件,去掉下面配置的注释:

<servlet>    <servlet-name>ssi</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>      org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServlet    </servlet-class>    <init-param>      <param-name>buffered</param-name>      <param-value>1</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>debug</param-name>      <param-value>0</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>expires</param-name>      <param-value>666</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>isVirtualWebappRelative</param-name>      <param-value>false</param-value>    </init-param>    <load-on-startup>4</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>ssi</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.shtml</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
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SSIFilter

通过Filter,org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIFilter,默认处理”*.shtml”的URL。

配置方式:

修改tomcat的 conf/web.xml文件,打开去掉下面配置的注释:

<filter>    <filter-name>ssi</filter-name>    <filter-class>      org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIFilter    </filter-class>    <init-param>      <param-name>contentType</param-name>      <param-value>text/x-server-parsed-html(;.*)?</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>debug</param-name>      <param-value>0</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>expires</param-name>      <param-value>666</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>isVirtualWebappRelative</param-name>      <param-value>false</param-value>    </init-param></filter><filter-mapping>    <filter-name>ssi</filter-name>    <url-pattern>*.shtml</url-pattern></filter-mapping>
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注意事项

注意:两种配置方式最好不要同时打开,除非很清楚是怎样配置的。

另外,在Tomcat的conf/context.xml里要配置privileged=”true”,否则有些SSI特性不能生效。

<Context privileged="true">
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历史代码里处理SSI的办法

在公司的历史代码里,在一个公共的jar包里通过自定义一个EnhancedSSIServlet,继承了Tomcat的org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServlet来实现SSI功能的。

@WebServlet(name="ssi",            initParams={@WebInitParam(name="buffered", value=http://www.mamicode.com/"1"), @WebInitParam(name="debug", value=http://www.mamicode.com/"0"),                        @WebInitParam(name="expires", value=http://www.mamicode.com/"666"), @WebInitParam(name="isVirtualWebappRelative", value=http://www.mamicode.com/"0"),                        @WebInitParam(name="inputEncoding", value=http://www.mamicode.com/"UTF-8"), @WebInitParam(name="outputEncoding", value=http://www.mamicode.com/"UTF-8") },            loadOnStartup=1, urlPatterns={"*.shtml"}, asyncSupported=true)public class EnhancedSSIServlet extends SSIServlet {
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其中@WebServlet是Servlet3.0规范里的,所以使用到web-common的web项目的web.xml文件都要配置为3.0版本以上,例如:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"></web-app>
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Tomcat是启动Web应用时,会扫描所有@WebServlet的类,并初始化。

所以在使用到历史代码的项目都只能使用Tomcat服务器,并且不能在tomcat的conf/web.xml里打开SSI相关的配置。

Tomcat版本升级的问题

Tomcat版本从7.0.57升级到7.0.59过程中,出现了无法解析SSI include指令的错误:

SEVERE: #include--Couldn‘t include file: /pages/test/intelFilter.shtmljava.io.IOException: Couldn‘t get context for path: /pages/test/intelFilter.shtml    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServletExternalResolver.getServletContextAndPathFromVirtualPath(SSIServletExternalResolver.java:422)    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServletExternalResolver.getServletContextAndPath(SSIServletExternalResolver.java:465)    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServletExternalResolver.getFileText(SSIServletExternalResolver.java:522)    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIMediator.getFileText(SSIMediator.java:161)    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIInclude.process(SSIInclude.java:50)    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIProcessor.process(SSIProcessor.java:159)    at com.test.webcommon.servlet.EnhancedSSIServlet.processSSI(EnhancedSSIServlet.java:72)    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServlet.requestHandler(SSIServlet.java:181)    at org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServlet.doPost(SSIServlet.java:137)    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:646)    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:748)    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doInclude(ApplicationDispatcher.java:604)    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.include(ApplicationDispatcher.java:543)    at org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(JspRuntimeLibrary.java:954)    at org.apache.jsp.pages.lottery.jczq.index_jsp._jspService(index_jsp.java:107)    at org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)    at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:432)    at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:395)    at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:339)    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
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仔细查看源代码后,发现不能处理的include指令代码如下:

<!--#include virtual="/pages/test/intelFilter.shtml"-->
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经过对比调试Tomcat的代码,发现是在7.0.58版本时,改变了处理URL的方法,关键的处理函数是

org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext.getContext( String uri)
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在7.0.57版本前,Tomcat在处理处理像/pages/test/intelFilter.shtml这样的路径时,恰好循环处理了”/”字符,使得childContext等于StandardContext,最终由StandardContext处理了/pages/test/intelFilter.shtml的请求。

这个代码实际上是错误的,不过恰好处理了include virtual的情况。

在7.0.58版本修改了处理uri的代码,所以在升级Tomcat到7.0.59时出错了。

7.0.57版的代码: 
https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/tags/TOMCAT_7_0_57/java/org/apache/catalina/core/ApplicationContext.java

/** * Return a <code>ServletContext</code> object that corresponds to a * specified URI on the server.  This method allows servlets to gain * access to the context for various parts of the server, and as needed * obtain <code>RequestDispatcher</code> objects or resources from the * context.  The given path must be absolute (beginning with a "/"), * and is interpreted based on our virtual host‘s document root. * * @param uri Absolute URI of a resource on the server */@Overridepublic ServletContext getContext(String uri) {    // Validate the format of the specified argument    if ((uri == null) || (!uri.startsWith("/")))        return (null);    Context child = null;    try {        Host host = (Host) context.getParent();        String mapuri = uri;        while (true) {            child = (Context) host.findChild(mapuri);            if (child != null)                break;            int slash = mapuri.lastIndexOf(‘/‘);            if (slash < 0)                break;            mapuri = mapuri.substring(0, slash);        }    } catch (Throwable t) {        ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);        return (null);    }    if (child == null)        return (null);    if (context.getCrossContext()) {        // If crossContext is enabled, can always return the context        return child.getServletContext();    } else if (child == context) {        // Can still return the current context        return context.getServletContext();    } else {        // Nothing to return        return (null);    }}
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7.0.58的代码: 
https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/tags/TOMCAT_7_0_58/java/org/apache/catalina/core/ApplicationContext.java

那么正确的处理办法是怎样的?

仔细查看Tomcat的SSI配置的说明文档,发现有一个isVirtualWebappRelative的配置,而这个配置默认是false的。

isVirtualWebappRelative - Should "virtual" SSI directive paths be interpreted as relative to the context root, instead of the server root? Default false.
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**也就是说,如果要支持“#include virtual=”/b.shtml”绝对路径这种指令,就要配置isVirtualWebappRelative为true。 
但是tomcat默认的SSI配置,以及上面的EnhancedSSIServlet类默认都配置isVirtualWebappRelative为false。**

因此,把EnhancedSSIServlet类里的isVirtualWebappRelative配置为true,重新测试,发现已经可以正常处理”#include virtual=”/b.shtml”指令了。

相关的逻辑处理的代码在org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServletExternalResolver.getServletContextAndPathFromVirtualPath( String virtualPath):

protected ServletContextAndPath getServletContextAndPathFromVirtualPath(         String virtualPath) throws IOException {     if (!virtualPath.startsWith("/") && !virtualPath.startsWith("\\")) {         return new ServletContextAndPath(context,                 getAbsolutePath(virtualPath));     }     String normalized = RequestUtil.normalize(virtualPath);     if (isVirtualWebappRelative) {         return new ServletContextAndPath(context, normalized);     }     ServletContext normContext = context.getContext(normalized);     if (normContext == null) {         throw new IOException("Couldn‘t get context for path: "                 + normalized);     }
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总结

之前的EnhancedSSIServlet类的配置就不支持”#include virtual=”/b.shtml”,这种绝对路径的SSI指令,而以前版本的Tomcat因为恰好处理了”/test.shtml”这种以”/”开头的url,因此以前版本的Tomcat没有报错。而升级后的Tomcat修正了代码,不再处理这种不合理的绝对路径请求了,所以报“ Couldn’t get context for path”的异常。

把tomcat的ssi配置里的isVirtualWebappRelative设置为true就可以了。

最后,留一个小问题:

tomcat是如何知道处理*.jsp请求的?是哪个servlet在起作用?

tomcat ssi配置及升级导致ssi include错误问题解决