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etcd安装部署及数据同步MySQL
一、etcd说明及原理
二、etcd安装部署说明
三、etcd操作说明
四、python安装etcd
五、python-etcd使用说明
六、通过脚本获取本地的信息上传到etcd
七、通过脚本将etc的数据同步到mysql
一、etcd 简介
etcd是用于共享配置和服务发现的分布式，一致的键值存储，重点是：
简单：定义明确，面向用户的API（gRPC）
安全：使用可选的客户端证书认证的自动TLS
快速：基准测试10,000写/秒
可靠：使用Raft协议来进行合理的分布式
etcd是在Go中编写的，并使用Raft一致性算法来管理高可用性的复制日志。
etcd在许多公司的生产中使用，开发团队在关键部署场景中支持它，其中etcd经常与诸如Kubernetes，fleet, locksmith, vulcand, Doorman,等许多应用程序联合。通过严格的测试进一步确保可靠性。
1.1.etcd原理及说明
etc的原理参考：
参考这个超好的动画：http://thesecretlivesofdata.com/raft/
二、etcd安装部署说明
2.etcd安装部署
最新版本3.1.1
https://github.com/coreos/etcd/
2.1.1.安装etcd
下载:https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases
tar -xf etcd-v3.1.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz cd etcd-v3.1.1-linux-amd64/ mv /tmp/soft/etcd-v3.1.1-linux-amd64 /data/etcdir
连接程序路径：
ln -s /data/etcdir/etcd /usr/bin/etcd ln -s /data/etcdir/etcdctl /usr/bin/etcdctl
2.1.2.部署服务器说明
同时部署
172.16.10.47
172.16.10.48
172.16.10.49
2.2.启动进程
172.16.110.47 执行：
nohup etcd --name etcd0 --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://172.16.110.47:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://172.16.110.47:2380 --listen-client-urls http://172.16.110.47:2379 --advertise-client-urls http://172.16.110.47:2379 --initial-cluster-token my-etcd-cluster --initial-cluster etcd0=http://172.16.110.47:2380,etcd1=http://172.16.110.48:2380,etcd2=http://172.16.110.49:2380 --data-dir=/data/etcdir/ --initial-cluster-state new > /var/log/etcd.log 2>&1 &
172.16.110.48 执行：
nohup etcd --name etcd1 --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://172.16.110.48:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://172.16.110.48:2380 --listen-client-urls http://172.16.110.48:2379 --advertise-client-urls http://172.16.110.48:2379 --initial-cluster-token my-etcd-cluster --initial-cluster etcd0=http://172.16.110.47:2380,etcd1=http://172.16.110.48:2380,etcd2=http://172.16.110.49:2380 --data-dir=/data/etcdir/ --initial-cluster-state new > /var/log/etcd.log 2>&1 &
172.16.110.49 执行：
nohup etcd --name etcd2 --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://172.16.110.49:2380 --listen-peer-urls http://172.16.110.49:2380 --listen-client-urls http://172.16.110.49:2379 --advertise-client-urls http://172.16.110.49:2379 --initial-cluster-token my-etcd-cluster --initial-cluster etcd0=http://172.16.110.47:2380,etcd1=http://172.16.110.48:2380,etcd2=http://172.16.110.49:2380 --data-dir=/data/etcdir/ --initial-cluster-state new > /var/log/etcd.log 2>&1 &
2.3.启动选项说明：
--name: 节点名称，默认为UUID --initial-advertise-peer-urls：该成员的URL地址，可以通告到集群的其他节点 --listen-peer-urls： --listen-client-urls：客户端监听的URL地址 --initial-cluster-token：引导期间etcd集群的初始集群标记。指定此选项可以防止运行多个集群时无意中发生的跨集群交互。 --initial-cluster：参数描述了这个新集群中总共有哪些节点，其中每个节点用 name=ip的形式描述，节点之间用,分隔。 --data-dir：保存日志和快照的目录，默认为当前工作目录 --initial-cluster-state new：表示从无到有搭建etcd集群
三、etcd操作说明
3.1.查看版本：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/version
{"etcdserver":"3.1.1","etcdcluster":"3.1.0"}3.2.查看键：
curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys
{"action":"get","node":{"dir":true}}3.3.1.创建键值
put方法如果key之前存在，则默认会先删除，再新建一个key。如果想要直接update，则追加 -d prevExist=true，但是加了这个参数，如果key之前不存在会报错。
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/ckl -XPUT -d value="http://www.mamicode.com/love"
{"action":"set","node":{"key":"/ckl","value":"love","modifiedIndex":9,"createdIndex":9}}3.3.2.查看键(分别在47.48.49)：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
}
]
}# curl http://172.16.110.48:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
}
]
}
}# curl http://172.16.110.49:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
}
]
}
}3.4.创建目录
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/isdir -XPUT -d dir=true
{
"action": "set",
"node": {
"key": "/isdir",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 13,
"createdIndex": 13
}
}查看结果：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/isdir",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 13,
"createdIndex": 13
},
{
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
}
]
}
}3.5.创建带ttl的键值（单位为秒）
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/ttzhi -XPUT -d value=http://www.mamicode.com/‘kafuka‘ -d ttl=8"action": "set",
"node": {
"key": "/ttzhi",
"value": "kafuka",
"expiration": "2017-02-27T02:12:28.306519372Z",
"ttl": 8,
"modifiedIndex": 14,
"createdIndex": 14
}
}查看值：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
},
{
"key": "/isdir",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 13,
"createdIndex": 13
},
{
"key": "/ttzhi",
"value": "kafuka",
"expiration": "2017-02-27T02:12:28.306519372Z",
"ttl": 6,
"modifiedIndex": 14,
"createdIndex": 14
}
]
}
}过十秒查看：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
},
{
"key": "/isdir",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 13,
"createdIndex": 13
}
]
}
}3.6.创建有序键值
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/xulie -XPOST -d value="http://www.mamicode.com/ckl1" # curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/xulie -XPOST -d value="http://www.mamicode.com/ckl2" # curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/xulie -XPOST -d value="http://www.mamicode.com/ckl3"
查看键值：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/xulie
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"key": "/xulie",
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/xulie/00000000000000000016",
"value": "ckl1",
"modifiedIndex": 16,
"createdIndex": 16
},
{
"key": "/xulie/00000000000000000017",
"value": "ckl2",
"modifiedIndex": 17,
"createdIndex": 17
},
{
"key": "/xulie/00000000000000000018",
"value": "ckl3",
"modifiedIndex": 18,
"createdIndex": 18
}
],
"modifiedIndex": 16,
"createdIndex": 16
}
}3.7.删除指定的键
3.7.1.查看键
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
},
{
"key": "/isdir",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 13,
"createdIndex": 13
},
{
"key": "/xulie",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 16,
"createdIndex": 16
}
]
}
}3.7.2.删除键：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/ckl -XDELETE
{
"action": "delete",
"node": {
"key": "/ckl",
"modifiedIndex": 19,
"createdIndex": 9
},
"prevNode": {
"key": "/ckl",
"value": "love",
"modifiedIndex": 9,
"createdIndex": 9
}
}3.7.3.查看删除后的键:
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/isdir",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 13,
"createdIndex": 13
},
{
"key": "/xulie",
"dir": true,
"modifiedIndex": 16,
"createdIndex": 16
}
]
}
}3.8.列出所有的集群成员：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/members
{
"members": [
{
"id": "19114e391e0461bf",
"name": "etcd1",
"peerURLs": [
"http://172.16.110.48:2380"
],
"clientURLs": [
"http://172.16.110.48:2379"
]
},
{
"id": "1f82c5220d58283c",
"name": "etcd2",
"peerURLs": [
"http://172.16.110.49:2380"
],
"clientURLs": [
"http://172.16.110.49:2379"
]
},
{
"id": "c75626929de37ef1",
"name": "etcd0",
"peerURLs": [
"http://172.16.110.47:2380"
],
"clientURLs": [
"http://172.16.110.47:2379"
]
}
]
}3.9.查看leader：
# curl http://172.16.110.48:2379/v2/stats/leader
{
"leader": "19114e391e0461bf",
"followers": {
"1f82c5220d58283c": {
"latency": {
"current": 0.013289,
"average": 0.0035088124999999993,
"standardDeviation": 0.004889767488321275,
"minimum": 0.001167,
"maximum": 0.032709
},
"counts": {
"fail": 1,
"success": 64
}
},
"c75626929de37ef1": {
"latency": {
"current": 0.001966,
"average": 0.0035810634920634917,
"standardDeviation": 0.004692562520823965,
"minimum": 0.000439,
"maximum": 0.027367
},
"counts": {
"fail": 0,
"success": 63
}
}
}
}3.10.查看节点自身信息：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/stats/self
{
"name": "etcd0",
"id": "c75626929de37ef1",
"state": "StateFollower",
"startTime": "2017-02-27T10:02:05.27853915+08:00",
"leaderInfo": {
"leader": "19114e391e0461bf",
"uptime": "28m47.949767952s",
"startTime": "2017-02-27T10:02:20.141696895+08:00"
},
"recvAppendRequestCnt": 63,
"sendAppendRequestCnt": 0
}3.11.查看集群运行状态：
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/stats/store
{
"getsSuccess": 11,
"getsFail": 21,
"setsSuccess": 11,
"setsFail": 0,
"deleteSuccess": 1,
"deleteFail": 1,
"updateSuccess": 0,
"updateFail": 0,
"createSuccess": 6,
"createFail": 0,
"compareAndSwapSuccess": 0,
"compareAndSwapFail": 0,
"compareAndDeleteSuccess": 0,
"compareAndDeleteFail": 0,
"expireCount": 1,
"watchers": 0
}四、python安装etcd
4.1.python安装etcd
安装etcd
依赖于setuptools、packaging、pyparsing
4.2.安装pyparsing模块
tar -xf pyparsing-2.1.9.tar.gz cd pyparsing-2.1.9 python setup.py build python setup.py install
4.3.安装packaging模块
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/packaging/16.5 tar -xf packaging-16.5.tar.gz cd packaging-16.5 python setup.py build python setup.py install
4.4.安装setuptools模块
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools/20.0 tar -xf setuptools-20.0.tar.gz cd setuptools-20.0 python setup.py build python setup.py install
4.5.安装etcd模块
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-etcd tar -xf python-etcd-0.4.4.tar.gz cd python-etcd-0.4.4 python setup.py build python setup.py install
五、python-etcd使用说明
官网说明：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-etcd
5.1.测试脚本：
#!/usr/bin/python import etcd import time client = etcd.Client() # this will create a client against etcd server running on localhost on port 4001 client = etcd.Client(host=‘172.16.110.47‘, port=2379) client.write(‘/nodes/n1‘, 1) client.write(‘/nodes/n2‘, 2) client.write(‘/nodes/n1‘, 1) n1value = client.read(‘/nodes/n1‘).value n2value = client.read(‘/nodes/n2‘).value print "n1 value is: %s" % n1value print "n2 value is: %s" % n2value client.delete(‘/nodes/n1‘) n2value1 = client.read(‘/nodes/n2‘).value print "n2 value is: %s" % n2value1 n1value1 = client.read(‘/nodes/n1‘).value print "n1 value is: %s" % n1value1
5.2.运行测试脚本查看结果
n1 value is: 1 n2 value is: 2 n2 value is: 2 Traceback (most recent call last): File "daoru.py", line 17, in <module> n1value1 = client.read(‘/nodes/n1‘).value File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/python_etcd-0.4.4-py2.7.egg/etcd/client.py", line 562, in read timeout=timeout) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/python_etcd-0.4.4-py2.7.egg/etcd/client.py", line 874, in wrapper return self._handle_server_response(response) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/python_etcd-0.4.4-py2.7.egg/etcd/client.py", line 954, in _handle_server_response etcd.EtcdError.handle(r) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/python_etcd-0.4.4-py2.7.egg/etcd/__init__.py", line 304, in handle raise exc(msg, payload) etcd.EtcdKeyNotFound: Key not found : /nodes/n1
测试发现：
重复的键值会覆盖原有的
删除nodes/n1提示Key not found
六、通过脚本获取本地的信息上传到etcd
6.1.脚本内容
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
import etcd
import time
import json
import socket
import fcntl
import struct
import uuid
import commands
from optparse import OptionParser
import sys
import os
from collections import OrderedDict
from multiprocessing import cpu_count
ttl= 300
processname="cmdb_agent"
def uniquecheck(processname,pid):
print commands.getstatusoutput("ps -ef|grep %s|grep -v grep|grep -v %s|awk ‘{print $2}‘|xargs kill -9" %(processname,pid))
def setetcddata(hostname,pushjson,ttl):
client = etcd.Client(host=‘172.16.110.47‘, port=2379,read_timeout=20)
client.write(‘/cmdb/{0}‘.format(hostname),pushjson, ttl=ttl)
def getoptparse():
parser = OptionParser()
parser.add_option("-p",dest="projectname",help=u"项目名称")
parser.add_option("-i",dest="ifname",
help=u"默认网卡",default = "ens33")
parser.add_option("-P", dest="pre",
help=u"hostname前缀", default="auto")
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if not options.projectname:
print u"项目名称为空"
sys.exit()
projectname = options.projectname
ifname = options.ifname
hostnamepre=options.pre
print projectname,ifname,hostnamepre
return projectname,ifname,hostnamepre
def create_hostname(projectname,ip,hostnamepre):
ipsplit = ip.split(".")
if hostnamepre == "auto":
if int(ipsplit[1]) > 100:
hostnamepre= "qm-hd2a"
else:
hostnamepre = "qm-hd2b"
hostname = "{0}-{1}-{2}_{3}".format(hostnamepre,projectname,ipsplit[2],ipsplit[3])
print hostname
return hostname
def get_ip_address(ifname):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
return socket.inet_ntoa(fcntl.ioctl(
s.fileno(),
0x8915, # SIOCGIFADDR
struct.pack(‘256s‘, ifname[:15])
)[20:24])
def get_mac_address():
mac=uuid.UUID(int = uuid.getnode()).hex[-12:]
return ":".join([mac[e:e+2] for e in range(0,11,2)])
def get_serverconfig():
meminfo = OrderedDict()
try:
with open(‘/proc/meminfo‘) as f:
for line in f:
meminfo[line.split(‘:‘)[0]] = line.split(‘:‘)[1].strip()
MemTotal = meminfo.get("MemTotal")
MemTotal = float(MemTotal.split()[0]) / 1024 / 1024
except:
MemTotal = 0
return str(cpu_count()),‘%.2fG‘ %MemTotal
def set_hostname(hostname):
locahostname = socket.getfqdn(socket.gethostname())
if locahostname == hostname:
return 1
print commands.getstatusoutput(‘hostname {0}‘.format(hostname))
print commands.getstatusoutput("sed -i ‘s/^HOSTNAME=.*$/HOSTNAME={0}/‘ /etc/sysconfig/network".format(hostname))
if __name__==‘__main__‘:
selfpid = str(os.getpid())
uniquecheck(processname,selfpid)
projectname, ifname, hostnamepre = getoptparse()
ip = get_ip_address(ifname)
hostname=create_hostname(projectname,ip,hostnamepre)
macaddr = get_mac_address()
cputotal,memtotal = get_serverconfig()
print set_hostname(hostname)
pushjson = json.dumps({"macaddr":macaddr,"ip":ip,"hostname":hostname,"projectname":projectname,"cputotal":cputotal,"memtotal":memtotal})
setetcddata(hostname, pushjson, ttl)6.2.运行脚本
# python cmdb_agent.py -p etcnode1 (31488, ‘\nUsage:\n kill [options] <pid|name> [...]\n\nOptions:\n -a, --all do not restrict the name-to-pid conversion to processes\n with the same uid as the present process\n -s, --signal <sig> send specified signal\n -q, --queue <sig> use sigqueue(2) rather than kill(2)\n -p, --pid print pids without signaling them\n -l, --list [=<signal>] list signal names, or convert one to a name\n -L, --table list signal names and numbers\n\n -h, --help display this help and exit\n -V, --version output version information and exit\n\nFor more details see kill(1).‘) etcnode1 ens33 auto qm-hd2b-etcnode1-110_47 (256, ‘hostname: the specified hostname is invalid‘) (0, ‘‘) None
6.3.查看etcd的内容
# curl http://172.16.110.47:2379/v2/keys/cmdb
{
"action": "get",
"node": {
"key": "/cmdb",
"dir": true,
"nodes": [
{
"key": "/cmdb/qm-hd2b-etcnode1-110_47",
"value": "{\"memtotal\": \"0.74G\", \"ip\": \"172.16.110.47\", \"hostname\": \"qm-hd2b-etcnode1-110_47\", \"macaddr\": \"00:0c:29:91:cf:86\", \"cputotal\": \"1\", \"projectname\": \"etcnode1\"}",
"expiration": "2017-03-02T03:47:49.288421145Z",
"ttl": 268,
"modifiedIndex": 63,
"createdIndex": 63
}
],
"modifiedIndex": 63,
"createdIndex": 63
}
}七.通过脚本将etc的数据同步到mysql
7.1.安装MySQL-python
yum install MySQL-python
7.2.脚本同步etcd的数据到mysql
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
# Author: Someone
# Datetime: 2017/3/2
import etcd
import json
import MySQLdb
import sys
serverlist = []
EtcdHostIpdict = {}
MyIpList = []
MyInsertList = []
client = etcd.Client(host=‘10.8.1.1‘, port=2379,read_timeout=20)
result=client.read(‘/cmdb/‘)
for i in result.children:
server = json.loads(i.value)
serverlist.append(server)
for hostinfo in serverlist:
ip = hostinfo.get("ip", "")
hostname = hostinfo.get("hostname", "")
EtcdHostIpdict[ip] = hostname
try:
Conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=‘localhost‘,user=‘root‘,passwd=‘‘,db=‘jumpserver‘,port=3306)
Cur = Conn.cursor()
Cur.execute(‘select * from jasset_asset;‘)
MyIpAll = Cur.fetchall()
Num = 0
for RealIp in MyIpAll:
MyIpList.append(MyIpAll[Num][1])
Num += 1
Cur.close()
Conn.close()
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
for RealIp,RealHost in EtcdHostIpdict.items():
if RealIp not in MyIpList:
print "%s %s" %(RealIp,RealHost)
MyInsertList.append((RealIp,RealHost,22,1,1,1))
#print MyInsertList
if len(MyInsertList) == 0:
print("No data need to add!")
sys.exit()
else:
try:
Conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=‘localhost‘,user=‘root‘,passwd=‘‘,db=‘cklserver‘,port=3306)
Cur = Conn.cursor()
Cur.executemany("insert into jasset_asset (ip,hostname,port,use_default_auth,idc_id,is_active) values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s);",MyInsertList)
Conn.commit()
Cur.close()
Conn.close()
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])附加说明
安装报错：
python 安装etcd
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 11, in <module>
import setuptools
File "/tmp/soft/setuptools-34.2.0/setuptools/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
import setuptools.version
File "/tmp/soft/setuptools-34.2.0/setuptools/version.py", line 1, in <module>
import pkg_resources
File "/tmp/soft/setuptools-34.2.0/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 72, in <module>
import packaging.requirements
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/packaging/requirements.py", line 59, in <module>
MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
TypeError: __call__() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given)版本不对：
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=209485 $ pacman -Qo /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/packaging/requirements.py /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/packaging/requirements.py is owned by python2-packaging 16.5-1 /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py is owned by python2-setuptools 1:20.2.2-1
本文出自 “深呼吸再出击” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://ckl893.blog.51cto.com/8827818/1903031
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