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Android TextView自动换行文字排版参差不齐的原因

今天项目没什么进展,公司后台出问题了。看了下刚刚学习Android时的笔记,发现TextView会自动换行,而且排版文字参差不齐。查了下资料,总结原因如下:

 

1、半角字符与全角字符混乱所致:这种情况一般就是汉字与数字、英文字母混用

 

解决方法一:

将textview中的字符全角化。即将所有的数字、字母及标点全部转为全角字符,使它们与汉字同占两个字节,这样就可以避免由于占位导致的排版混乱问题了。 半角转为全角的代码如下,只需调用即可。


public static String ToDBC(String input) {
   char[] c = input.toCharArray();
   for (int i = 0; i< c.length; i++) {
       if (c[i] == 12288) {
         c[i] = (char) 32;
         continue;
       }if (c[i]> 65280&& c[i]< 65375)
          c[i] = (char) (c[i] - 65248);
       }
   return new String(c);
}

 

解决方法二:

去除特殊字符或将所有中文标号替换为英文标号。利用正则表达式将所有特殊字符过滤,或利用replaceAll()将中文标号替换为英文标号。则转化之后,则可解决排版混乱问题。

 // 替换、过滤特殊字符
public static String StringFilter(String str) throws PatternSyntaxException{
    str=str.replaceAll("【","[").replaceAll("】","]").replaceAll("!","!");//替换中文标号
    String regEx="[『』]"; // 清除掉特殊字符
    Pattern p = Pattern.compile(regEx);
    Matcher m = p.matcher(str);
 return m.replaceAll("").trim();
}

 

2、TextView在显示中文的时候 标点符号不能显示在一行的行首和行尾,如果一个标点符号刚好在一行的行尾,该标点符号就会连同前一个字符跳到下一行显示。

解决方法:在标点符号后加一个空格。

 

 

3、一个英文单词不能被显示在两行中( TextView在显示英文时,标点符号是可以放在行尾的,但英文单词也不能分开 )。

 

4、如果要两行对其的显示效果:有两种方法

方法一:

修改Android源代码;将frameworks/base/core/java/android/text下的StaticLayout.java文件中的如下代码:

                      if (c == ‘ ‘ || c == ‘/t‘ ||
                            ((c == ‘.‘  || c == ‘,‘ || c == ‘:‘ || c == ‘;‘) &&
                             (j - 1 < here || !Character.isDigit(chs[j - 1 - start])) &&
                             (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - start]))) ||
                            ((c == ‘/‘ || c == ‘-‘) &&
                             (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - start]))) ||
                            (c >= FIRST_CJK && isIdeographic(c, true) &&
                             j + 1 < next && isIdeographic(chs[j + 1 - start], false))) {
                            okwidth = w;
                            ok = j + 1;

                            if (fittop < oktop)
                                oktop = fittop;
                            if (fitascent < okascent)
                                okascent = fitascent;
                            if (fitdescent > okdescent)
                                okdescent = fitdescent;
                            if (fitbottom > okbottom)
                                okbottom = fitbottom;
                        }

去掉就可以了。去掉后标点符号可以显示在行首和行尾,英文单词也可以被分开在两行中显示。

 

方法二:

自定义View显示文本

网上就有达人采用自定义View来解决这个问题,我做了实验并总结了一下:

自定义View的步骤: 

1)继承View类或其子类,例子继承了TextView类;

2)写构造函数,通过XML获取属性(这一步中可以自定义属性,见例程);

3)重写父类的某些函数,一般都是以on开头的函数,例子中重写了onDraw()和onMeasure()函数;

 

=========================CYTextView.java=============================


public class CYTextView extends TextView {
    public  static  int m_iTextHeight; //文本的高度
    public  static  int m_iTextWidth;//文本的宽度
   
    private Paint mPaint = null;
    private String string="";
    private float LineSpace = 0;//行间距
       
    public CYTextView(Context context, AttributeSet set)
    {      
        super(context,set); 

        TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(set, R.styleable.CYTextView);

        int width = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable. CY TextView_textwidth, 320);
        float textsize = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable. CY TextView_textSize, 24);
        int textcolor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable. CY TextView_textColor, -1442840576);
        float linespace = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable. CY TextView_lineSpacingExtra, 15);
        int typeface = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable. CY TextView_typeface, 0);
       
        typedArray.recycle();
       
        //设置 CY TextView的宽度和行间距www.linuxidc.com
        m_iTextWidth=width;
        LineSpace=linespace;
       
        // 构建paint对象     
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaint.setColor(textcolor);
        mPaint.setTextSize(textsize);
        switch(typeface){
        case 0:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT);
            break;
        case 1:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.SANS_SERIF);
            break;
        case 2:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.SERIF);
            break;
        case 3:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.MONOSPACE);
            break;
        default:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT);   
            break;
        }
       
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas)
    { 
       super.onDraw(canvas);      
       
        char ch;
        int w = 0;
        int istart = 0;
        int m_iFontHeight;
        int m_iRealLine=0;
        int x=2;
        int y=30;
       
        Vector    m_String=new Vector();
       
        FontMetrics fm = mPaint.getFontMetrics();       
        m_iFontHeight = (int) Math.ceil(fm.descent - fm.top) + (int)LineSpace;//计算字体高度(字体高度+行间距)

        for (int i = 0; i < string.length(); i++)
        {
            ch = string.charAt(i);
            float[] widths = new float[1];
            String srt = String.valueOf(ch);
            mPaint.getTextWidths(srt, widths);

            if (ch == ‘/n‘){
                m_iRealLine++;
                m_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, i));
                istart = i + 1;
                w = 0;
            }else{
                w += (int) (Math.ceil(widths[0]));
                if (w > m_iTextWidth){
                    m_iRealLine++;
                    m_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, i));
                    istart = i;
                    i--;
                    w = 0;
                }else{
                    if (i == (string.length() - 1)){
                        m_iRealLine++;
                        m_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, string.length()));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        m_iTextHeight=m_iRealLine*m_iFontHeight+2;
        canvas.setViewport(m_iTextWidth, m_iTextWidth);
        for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < m_iRealLine; i++, j++)
        {
            canvas.drawText((String)(m_String.elementAt(i)), x,  y+m_iFontHeight * j, mPaint);
        }
    } 
  
   
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)
    {         
        int measuredHeight = measureHeight(heightMeasureSpec);         
        int measuredWidth = measureWidth(widthMeasureSpec);          
        this.setMeasuredDimension(measuredWidth, measuredHeight);
        this.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(measuredWidth,measuredHeight));
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    } 
                
    private int measureHeight(int measureSpec)
    { 
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);         
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);                  
        // Default size if no limits are specified. 
        initHeight();
        int result = m_iTextHeight;         
        if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){        
            // Calculate the ideal size of your         
            // control within this maximum size.         
            // If your control fills the available          
            // space return the outer bound.         
            result = specSize;          
        }else if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY){          
            // If your control can fit within these bounds return that value.           
            result = specSize;          
        }          
        return result;           
    } 
   
    private void initHeight()
    {
        //设置 CY TextView的初始高度为0
        m_iTextHeight=0;
       
        //大概计算 CY TextView所需高度
        FontMetrics fm = mPaint.getFontMetrics();       
        int m_iFontHeight = (int) Math.ceil(fm.descent - fm.top) + (int)LineSpace;
        int line=0;
        int istart=0;
       
        int w=0;
        for (int i = 0; i < string.length(); i++)
        {
            char ch = string.charAt(i);
            float[] widths = new float[1];
            String srt = String.valueOf(ch);
            mPaint.getTextWidths(srt, widths);

            if (ch == ‘/n‘){
                line++;
                istart = i + 1;
                w = 0;
            }else{
                w += (int) (Math.ceil(widths[0]));
                if (w > m_iTextWidth){
                    line++;
                    istart = i;
                    i--;
                    w = 0;
                }else{
                    if (i == (string.length() - 1)){
                        line++;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        m_iTextHeight=(line)*m_iFontHeight+2;
    }
                
    private int measureWidth(int measureSpec)
    { 
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);          
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);            
         
        // Default size if no limits are specified.         
        int result = 500;         
        if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){         
            // Calculate the ideal size of your control          
            // within this maximum size.        
            // If your control fills the available space        
            // return the outer bound.        
            result = specSize;         
        }else if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY){          
            // If your control can fit within these bounds return that value.          
            result = specSize;           
        }          
        return result;         
    }
   
    public void SetText(String text)(注:此函数目前只有在UI线程中调用才可以把文本画出来,在其它线程中

                                                        无法画文本,找了好久找不到原因,求高手解答)
    {
        string = text;
       // requestLayout();
       // invalidate();
    }  
}

=======================attrs.xml===============================

该文件是自定义的属性,放在工程的res/values下

<resources>
    <attr name="textwidth" format="integer"/>
    <attr name="typeface">
        <enum name="normal" value="http://www.mamicode.com/0"/>
        <enum name="sans" value="http://www.mamicode.com/1"/>
        <enum name="serif" value="http://www.mamicode.com/2"/>
        <enum name="monospace" value="http://www.mamicode.com/3"/>
    </attr>

    <declare-styleable name="CYTextView">   
        <attr name="textwidth" />       
        <attr name="textSize" format="dimension"/>
        <attr name="textColor" format="reference|color"/>
        <attr name="lineSpacingExtra" format="dimension"/>
        <attr name="typeface" />
        </declare-styleable>
</resources>

 

=======================main.xml==========================

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView
        xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        Android:layout_width="320px"
        Android:layout_height="320px"
        Android:background="#ffffffff"
        >
  <LinearLayout
        xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        Android:orientation="vertical"
        Android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        Android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <com.cy.CYTextView.CYTextView
        xmlns:cy="http://schemas.Android.com/apk/res/ com.cy.CYTextView "
        Android:id="@+id/mv"
        Android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        Android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        cy :textwidth="320"       
        cy :textSize="24sp"
        cy :textColor="#aa000000"
        cy :lineSpacingExtra="15sp"
        cy :typeface="serif">
    </com. cy .CYTextView.CYTextView>   
  </LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
蓝色代码即为自定义View,其中以cy命名空间开头的属性是自定义属性;

 

=======================Main.java=============================

 

public class Main extends Activity {
    CYTextView mCYTextView;
    String text = "Android提供了精巧和有力的组件化模型构建用户的UI部分。主要是基于布局类:View和        ViewGroup。在此基础上,android平台提供了大量的预制的View和xxxViewGroup子 类,即布局(layout)和窗口小部件(widget)。可以用它们构建自己的UI。";
   
   
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.main);
       
        mCYTextView = (CYTextView)findViewById(R.id.mv);
        mCYTextView.SetText(text);
    }

}

Android TextView自动换行文字排版参差不齐的原因