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Python3之api
刚到公司领导安排了一个任务，用Python写一个api接口
主要用到django,request,json,orm,HttpResponse
闲话少说上代码
以下是表和需求：
IP资源表:（IpSource）
id(主键) area(测试环境,仿真环境,线上环境,其他) address prefix netmask network gateway 状态 备注
服务器表:
id(主键) 资产编号 area(测试环境,仿真环境,线上环境,其他) SN 主机名 内网IP 外网IP(IP资源表address列的外键) CPU 内存 硬盘 RAID U位 机架号 采购价格 采购时间 采购来源 采购人 保修期 状态 责任人
服务表:
id(主键) 主机名(服务器表"主机名"列的外键) 进程名 服务名 用户 备注
维修表:
id(主键) 资产类型 资产id 维修描述 维修人 时间
PC表:
id(主键) 资产编号 品牌 机器类型 内存 CPU 磁盘 采购价格 采购时间 采购来源 采购人 保修期 状态 责任人
移动测试机:
id(主键) 资产编号 序列号 MAC地址 品牌 操作系统 颜色 内存 采购价格 采购时间 采购来源 采购人 保修期 状态 责任人
通用IT设备表:
id(主键) 资产编号 资产描述 采购价格 采购时间 采购来源 采购人 保修期 状态 责任人
接口需求:
(1) 返回所有可用的资产类型
(2) 根据类型返回该类型的所有资产列表
(3) 根据资产类型和资产id返回维修信息
(3) 根据资产类型以及资产id添加/删除维修信息
(4) 根据资产类型以及资产id修改设备状态
(5) 根据资产类型以及资产id修改设备责任人
一、在url路由模块添加访问路径
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app import views urlpatterns = [ url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls), url(r‘^dida_api/‘,views.dida_api),#这个是我的api的路径 ]
二、创建didaapi目录并在下面创建api_class.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
from django.shortcuts import render
import django
import os
from dida7 import settings
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "dida7.settings")
django.setup()
from app import models
class api(object):
def get(self,*args,**kwargs):
try:
data_list = []
type_t = kwargs[‘type_t‘]
id_a = kwargs[‘id_a‘]
if id_a == ‘all‘:
sql_obj = ‘models.%s.objects.all().values()‘%(type_t)
else:
sql_obj = ‘models.%s.objects.filter(id=%s).values()‘%(type_t,id_a)
data = eval(sql_obj)#将字符串执行
return data#返回一个字典给views.dida_api函数
except Exception as server_error:
return ‘请确认你的字段是否正确‘
def put(self,*args,**kwargs):
try:
type_t = kwargs[‘type_t‘]
id_a=kwargs[‘id‘]
kwargs.pop(‘type_t‘)
kwargs.pop(‘type_c‘)
filter_list = []
for k,y in kwargs.items():
obj_str = ‘%s=\‘%s\‘,‘%(k,y)#循环传过来的字典,k和v,拼接成"k","y",字符串
filter_list.append(obj_str)#把字符串加入列表
filter_str = ‘‘.join(filter_list)#把list转换成str，以‘ ‘(空)拼接
obj="models.%s.objects.filter(id=%s).update(%s)"%(type_t,id_a,filter_str)
#obj 要执行的orm
r = eval(obj) #把内容写入数据库
return ‘成功写入‘
except Exception as e:
return "请确认字段是否正确"
def post(self,*args,**kwargs):
type_t = kwargs[‘type_t‘]
kwargs.pop(‘type_t‘)#删除type_t没有在数据库里写这个字段
kwargs.pop(‘type_c‘)#删除type_c没有在数据库里写这个字段
filter_list = []
for k,y in kwargs.items():
obj_str = ‘%s=\‘%s\‘,‘%(k,y)#循环传过来的字典,k和v,拼接成"k","y",字符串
filter_list.append(obj_str)#把字符串加入列表
filter_str = ‘‘.join(filter_list)#把list转换成str，以‘ ‘(空)拼接
try:
sql_obj = ‘models.%s.objects.create(%s)‘%(type_t,filter_str)
post_r = eval(sql_obj)#把内容写入数据库
return "写入成功"
except Exception as e:
return "请确认字段是否正确"三、在views视图模块
from didaapi.api_class import api
from django.http import HttpResponse
import json
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_protect,csrf_exempt
@csrf_protect
@csrf_exempt #防止csrf报错
def dida_api(request):
api_ojb = api()生成一个api_class的对象，通过对象调用方法
if request.method == "GET":
datalis1 =[]
type_t = request.GET.get(‘type_t‘) #获取表名type_t == 表名
id_a = request.GET.get(‘id‘) #获取id id == 这个表里的自增id或all api_dic={‘type_t‘:type_t,‘id_a‘:id_a}#把表名
data_get = api_ojb.get(**api_dic)#调用api_class的get方法
for i in data_get: #循环拿到的字典可能是多个（在id=all的时候）
datalis1.append(i)
datalist2 = json.dumps(datalis1).encode(‘utf-8‘)#格式化
return HttpResponse(datalis1)
#这个参数如果不是dumps后的中文不出现异常，如果是dumps过的会
#出现\\u674e\\u56d
else:
data=http://www.mamicode.com/ json.loads(request.body.decode(‘utf-8‘))"type_c"] #获取请求类型post或put
post_dic = data
if type_c == ‘post‘:
ret_post = api_ojb.post(**post_dic)
#调用didaapi.api_class的方法,把要添加的数据传给方法，获取返回结果
return HttpResponse(ret_post)
if type_c == ‘put‘:
data=http://www.mamicode.com/ json.loads(request.body.decode(‘utf-8‘))>四、settings.py修改
修改DATABASES
DATABASES = {
‘default‘: {
#‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3‘,注释掉
‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘,
#‘NAME‘: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘db.sqlite3‘), 注释掉
‘NAME‘: ‘didapinche_manifest‘,
‘HOST‘: ‘ip地址‘,
‘PORT‘: ‘4000‘,#端口
‘USER‘: ‘aaa‘,#用户
‘PASSWORD‘: ‘aaa‘,#密码
}
}
修改ALLOWED_HOSTS
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [‘*‘]
注册app
INSTALLED_APPS = [
‘django.contrib.admin‘,
‘django.contrib.auth‘,
‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
‘django.contrib.messages‘,
‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
‘app‘,#其他的不动这个是自己创建的app名称
]五、model.py 表结构
from django.db import models
class Ipsource(models.Model):
‘‘‘IP资源表‘‘‘
area_choices = (
(0,‘测试环境‘),
(1,‘仿真环境‘),
(2,‘线上环境‘),
(3,‘其他‘)
)
area = models.SmallIntegerField(u‘环境‘,choices=area_choices,default=0)
ip_address = models.GenericIPAddressField(u‘IP地址‘,blank=True,null=True)
netmask = models.GenericIPAddressField(u‘子网掩码‘,blank=True,null=True)
prefix = models.CharField(max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
network = models.CharField(max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
gateway_add = models.GenericIPAddressField(blank=True,null=True)
state = models.CharField(‘状态‘,max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
asset_admin = models.CharField(‘资产管理员‘,max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
def __str__(self):
return "Ipaddress：%s" %self.ip_address
class Meta:
verbose_name = "IP资源"
verbose_name_plural = "IP资源"
class Server(models.Model):
‘‘‘服务器信息‘‘‘
asset_nb = models.CharField(u‘资产编号‘,max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
area_choices = (
(0,‘测试环境‘),
(1,‘仿真环境‘),
(2,‘线上环境‘),
(3,‘其他‘)
)
area = models.SmallIntegerField(u‘环境‘,choices=area_choices,default=0)
sub_assset_type_choices = (
(0, "PC服务器"),
(1, "刀片机"),
(2, "小型机"),
)
ip_y = models.ForeignKey(‘Ipsource‘,blank=True,null=True,verbose_name="IP地址")
ip_n = models.GenericIPAddressField(u"内网ip",blank=True,null=True)
sn = models.CharField(max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
sub_asset_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=sub_assset_type_choices, verbose_name="服务器类型", default=0)
raid_type = models.CharField(u"raid类型",max_length=512, blank=True,null=True)
os_type_choices = (
(0,‘Centos6.8‘),
(1,‘Server2012‘),
)
server_name = models.CharField(max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
os_type = models.SmallIntegerField(u"操作系统",choices=os_type_choices,default=0)
os_mem = models.CharField(u"内存",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
os_disk = models.CharField(u"硬盘",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
os_cpu = models.CharField(u"CPU",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
os_state_choices = (
(0,‘正常‘),
(1,‘故障‘),
(2,‘维修‘),
(3,‘报废‘),
)
sys_state = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=os_state_choices,default=0)
frame = models.CharField(u"机架位",max_length=32)
frame_u = models.CharField(u"U位",max_length=32)
purchase_date = models.CharField(u"购买日期",max_length=32)
purchase_people = models.CharField(u"购买人",max_length=32)
purchase_source = models.CharField(u"server来源",max_length=32)
money = models.IntegerField(u‘人民币‘)
guarantee = models.CharField(u"保修期",max_length=32)
asset_admin = models.CharField(‘资产管理员‘,max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
def __str__(self):
return "server_name:%s" % (self.server_name)
class Meta:
verbose_name = "服务器"
verbose_name_plural = "服务器"
class Business(models.Model):
‘‘‘
业务表--服务器id
‘‘‘
username = models.CharField(u"用户",max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
hostname = models.ForeignKey(‘Server‘,blank=True,null=True)
server_p = models.CharField(u‘进程‘,max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
service = models.CharField(u"服务",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
remarks = models.TextField(u"备注",max_length=128,blank=True,null=True)
def __str__(self):
return "业务id:%s" % (self.id)
class Meta:
verbose_name = "业务表"
verbose_name_plural = "业务表"
class Repair(models.Model):
‘‘‘维修表‘‘‘
repair_type_choices = (
(0,"Server"),
(1,"Pc"),
(2,"Mobiledevice"),
(3,"ITequipment"),
)
repair_type = models.SmallIntegerField(u"类型",choices=repair_type_choices,default=0)
type_id = models.IntegerField()
message = models.TextField(max_length=128,blank=True,null=True)
repairer = models.CharField(‘维修者‘,max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
repair_date = models.CharField(u"维修日期",max_length=32)
os_state_choices = (
(0,"已维修"),
(1,"正在维修"),
)
sys_state = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=os_state_choices,default=0)
class Meta:
verbose_name = "维修表"
verbose_name_plural = "维修表"
def __str__(self):
return "维修表id:%s"%self.id
class Pc(models.Model):
‘‘‘员工PC‘‘‘
asset_nb = models.CharField(u‘资产编号‘,max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
pc_type_choices = (
(0,"台式机"),
(1,"笔记本"),
)
pc_type = models.SmallIntegerField(u"类型",choices=pc_type_choices,default=0)
pc_sys_choices = (
(0,"windows"),
(1,"linux"),
)
pc_sys = models.SmallIntegerField(u"系统",choices=pc_sys_choices,default=0)
cpu = models.CharField(max_length=32,blank=True,null=True)
mem = models.CharField(u"内存",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
disk = models.CharField(u"硬盘",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
os_state_choices = (
(0,"正常"),
(1,"故障"),
(2,"维修"),
(3,"报废"),
)
sys_state = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=os_state_choices,default=0)
purchase_date = models.CharField(u"购买日期",max_length=32)
purchase_people = models.CharField(u"购买人",max_length=32)
purchase_source = models.CharField(u"Pc来源",max_length=32)
money = models.IntegerField(u"人民币")
guarantee = models.CharField(u"保修期",max_length=32)
asset_admin = models.CharField("资产管理员",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
def __str__(self):
return "Pc_id:%s" %self.id
class Meta:
verbose_name = "员工Pc"
verbose_name_plural = "员工Pc"
class Mobiledevice(models.Model):
‘‘‘移动设备‘‘‘
mobiledevice_type_choices = (
(0,"Android"),
(1,"iphone")
)
mobiledevice_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=mobiledevice_type_choices,default=0)
os_state_choices = (
(0,"正常"),
(1,"故障"),
(2,"维修"),
(3,"报废"),
)
sys_state = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=os_state_choices,default=0)
purchase_date = models.CharField(u"购买日期",max_length=32)
purchase_people = models.CharField(u"购买人",max_length=32)
purchase_source = models.CharField(u"设备来源",max_length=32)
money = models.IntegerField(u"人民币")
guarantee = models.CharField(u"保修期",max_length=32)
asset_admin = models.CharField("资产管理员",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name = "移动设备"
verbose_name_plural = "移动设备"
def __str__(self):
return "设备id:%s" %self.id
class ITequipment(models.Model):
‘‘‘
通用IT设备
‘‘‘
name = models.CharField(u"设备名称",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
os_state_choices = (
(0,"正常"),
(1,"故障"),
(2,"维修"),
(3,"报废"),
)
sys_state = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=os_state_choices,default=0)
purchase_date = models.CharField(u"购买日期",max_length=32)
purchase_people = models.CharField(u"购买人",max_length=32)
purchase_source = models.CharField(u"IT设备来源",max_length=32)
money = models.IntegerField(u"人民币")
asset_admin = models.CharField("资产管理员",max_length=64,blank=True,null=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name = "通用IT设备"
verbose_name_plural = "通用IT设备"
def __str__(self):
return "IT设备id:%s" %self.id通过在项目目录下，执行python manage makemigrations 和python manage migrate创建表
六、注册admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
# Register your models here.
from app import models#导入app下的moudel
admin.site.register(models.Ipsource)
admin.site.register(models.Server)
admin.site.register(models.Business)
admin.site.register(models.Pc)
admin.site.register(models.Mobiledevice)
admin.site.register(models.ITequipment)
admin.site.register(models.Repair)
#这些都是表名
在项目目录下创建超级用户 python manage.py createsuperuser
七、运行django
在项目目录下 python manage.py runserver 192.168.1.1:8000
访问 http://192.168.1.1:8000/admin 登陆django用户名密码是第六步创建的
八、例子
例子：GET
import json,requests
url = ‘http://192.168.1.1:8000/dida_api/?type_t=Server&id=all‘#两个参数type_t = 表的名字 ，id = all或者自增id号
r = requests.get(url)
r2 = r._content.decode(‘utf-8‘)
print(r2,type(r2))
例子：POST
import json,requests
data = {"netmask": "255.255.255.0","state": "aa", "type_c":"post",
"gateway_add": "1.1.1.1", "ip_address": "1.1.1.3","type_t":"Ipsource",
"network": "1.1.1.1", "asset_admin": "张奎奎",
"prefix": "aa", "area": "2"}
#不需要id，type=表名，type_c=请求方式（post或者put）
data = json.dumps(data)#需要dumps一下
url = ‘http://192.168.1.1:8000/dida_api/‘
r = requests.post(url,data=http://www.mamicode.com/data)"purchase_people": "李四", "money": 666,‘type_c‘:‘put‘
, ‘type_t‘:"Server",‘id‘:1,"asset_admin": "李四",}
#需要指定id，type=表名，type_c=请求方式（post或者put）
data = json.dumps(data)#需要dumps一下
url = ‘http://192.168.1.1:8000/dida_api/‘
r = requests.post(url,data=http://www.mamicode.com/data1)>
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Python3之api
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