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Linux unit9
1.openssh-server
功能:让远程主机可以通过网络访问sshd服务,开始一个安全shell
2.客户端连接方式
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip -X##调用远程主机图形工具
ssh远程主机用户@远程主机ip ssh root@172.25.0.11(自己的ip)
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ipcommand##直接在远程主机运行某条命令
3.sshkey加密
1)生成公钥私钥 ssh-keygen ##生成公钥私钥工具
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):[enter] ##加密字符保存文件(建议用默认)
Created directory ‘/root/.ssh‘.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [enter]##密钥密码,必须>4个字符
Enter same passphrase again: [enter]##确认密码
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ab:3c:73:2e:c8:0b:75:c8:39:3a:46:a2:22:34:84:81 root@server0.example.com
The key‘s randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|o |
|E. |
|.. |
|. . o |
|.o. * . S |
|oo.o o . |
|+ =. . . |
|o. oo.+.. |
| ..o*. |
+-----------------+
[root@server0 ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
id_rsa##私钥,就是钥匙
id_rsa.pub##公钥,就是锁
2)添加key认证方式 ssh-copy-id ##添加key认证方式的工具 -i##指定加密key文件
加密命令: ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.0.11
/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub##加密key root##加密用户为root
172.25.0.11##被加密主机ip
3)分发钥匙给client主机
命令: scp /root/.ssh/id_rsa root@172.25.0.10:/root/.ssh/
4)测试
[root@desktop0 ~]# ssh root@172.25.0.11##通过id_rsa直接连接不需要输入用户密码
Last login: Mon Oct 3 03:58:10 2016 from 172.25.0.250
[root@server0 ~]#
4.提升openssh的安全级别
1)openssh-server配置文件
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
78 PasswordAuthentication yes|no##是否开启用户密码认证,yes为支持no为关闭
48 PermitRootLogin yes|no##是否允许超级用户登陆
49 AllowUsers student westos##用户白名单,只有在名单中出现的用户可以使用sshd建立shell
50 DenyUsers westos##用户黑名单
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Linux unit9