1 创建逻辑目录，该命令不会在操作系统创建真正的目录，最好以system等管理员创建。
 create directory dpdata1 as ‘/opt/oracle/dpdata1‘;
 create directory expdata as ‘/ora_arch/expdata‘;

 2 查看管理理员目录（同时查看操作系统是否存在，因为Oracle并不关心该目录是否存在，如果不存在，则出错）
 select * from dba_directories;

 3 给scott用户赋予在指定目录的操作权限，最好以system等管理员赋予。
 grant read,write on directory expdata to ardb;

 4 导出数据
 1)按用户导
 expdp billingcdrdb/billingcdrdb@prodbillingcdrdb schemas=billingcdrdb dumpfile=prodbillingcdrdb.dmp directory=dpdata1 logfile=prodbillingcdrdb.log;
 expdp billingcdrdb/billingcdrdb@prodbillingcdrdb schemas=billingcdrdb dumpfile=prodbillingcdrdb.dmp directory=dumpdir CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY logfile=prodbillingcdrdb.log;
 2)并行进程parallel
 expdp scott/tiger@orcl directory=dpdata1 dumpfile=scott3.dmp parallel=40 job_name=scott3
 3)按表名导
 expdp ardb/ardb TABLES=log_trx_detail dumpfile=log_trx_detail.dmp DIRECTORY=expdata;
 4)按查询条件导
 expdp scott/tiger@orcl directory=dpdata1 dumpfile=expdp.dmp Tables=emp query=‘WHERE deptno=20‘;
 5)按表空间导
 expdp system/manager DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=tablespace.dmp TABLESPACES=temp,example;
 6)导整个数据库
 expdp system/manager DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=full.dmp FULL=y;

 5 还原数据
 1)导到指定用户下
 impdp scott/tiger DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=expdp.dmp SCHEMAS=scott;
 2)改变表的owner
 impdp system/manager DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=expdp.dmp TABLES=scott.dept REMAP_SCHEMA=scott:system;
 3)导入表空间
 impdp system/manager DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=tablespace.dmp TABLESPACES=example;
 4)导入数据库
 impdb system/manager DIRECTORY=dump_dir DUMPFILE=full.dmp FULL=y;
 5)追加数据
 impdp system/manager DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=expdp.dmp SCHEMAS=system TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION

 drop user algeria cascade ;
 create user algeria identified by algeria default tablespace algeria ;
 grant connect , resource to algeria ;
 grant create synonym , create view to algeria ;
 create directory algeria as ‘d:\algeria‘;
 impdp billingcdrdb1/billingcdrdb1 directory=dpdata1 dumpfile=prodbillingcdrdb.dmp remap_schema=billingcdrdb:billingcdrdb1 logfile=impdp.log

expdp&impdp