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文件上传&文件下载

一.单个文件上传

文件上传需要两个jar包:

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首先制作一个简单的页面,用于实现文件上传

<h1>单个文件上传</h1>        <s:form action="upload.action" enctype="multipart/form-data"            method="post" namespace="/">            <s:textfield name="title" lable="标题"></s:textfield>            <s:file name="upload" lable="选择文件"></s:file>            <s:submit value="http://www.mamicode.com/上传文件"></s:submit>        </s:form>

开发实现文件上传的Action

package cn.action;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;public class UploadAction  extends ActionSupport{    //封装上传文件属性        private File upload;                //封装上传文件的类型        private String uploadContentType;                //封装上传文件名称        private String uploadFileName;                //封装文件上传的路径        private String savePath;        public String execute(){            byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];            try {                FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(getUpload());                FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(getSavePath()+"\\"+this.getUploadFileName());                int length=fis.read(buffer);                while(length>0){                    fos.write(buffer, 0, length);                    length=fis.read(buffer);                }                fos.flush();                fos.close();                fis.close();            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {                                e.printStackTrace();            } catch (IOException e) {                                e.printStackTrace();            }            System.out.println("========================");            return SUCCESS;        }                        public File getUpload() {            return upload;        }        public void setUpload(File upload) {            this.upload = upload;        }        public String getUploadContentType() {            return uploadContentType;        }        public void setUploadContentType(String uploadContentType) {            this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;        }        public String getUploadFileName() {            return uploadFileName;        }        public void setUploadFileName(String uploadFileName) {            this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;        }        public String getSavePath() {            return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath(savePath);        }        public void setSavePath(String savePath) {            this.savePath = savePath;        }        }

在Action中使用了三个属性封装文件信息

File类型的XXX属性,与表单的File控件的name属性一样,用于封装File控件对应的文件内容

String类型的xxxFileName属性,该属性名称由前面的File类型属性和FileName组合,是固定的语法,是封装File控件对应文件的文件名

String类型的XXXContentType属性,同样由xxx属性和ContentType组合而成,是固定语法,封装File控件对应文件的文件类型

 

 

配置Action

<!-- 单个文件上传 -->        <action name="upload" class="cn.action.UploadAction">            <!-- 通过param参数设置保存目录的路径 -->            <param name="savePath">/upload</param>            <result name="success">success.jsp</result>        </action>

效果图:

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二.多个文件上传

只需在上传Action中将原本处理单个文件的操作改成对集合操作即可。

其他的都跟单个上传的一样

页面

<!-- 多个文件上传 -->        <action name="someupload" class="cn.action.SomeUploadAction">            <!-- 通过param参数设置保存目录的路径 -->            <param name="savePath">/upload</param>            <result name="success">success.jsp</result>        </action>

开发实现文件上传的Action

package cn.action;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;public class SomeUploadAction extends ActionSupport {    //封装上传文件属性        private File[] upload;                //封装上传文件的类型        private String[] uploadContentType;                //封装上传文件名称        private String[] uploadFileName;                //封装文件上传的路径        private String savePath;                        public String execute() throws Exception{            byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];            for (int i = 0; i < upload.length; i++) {                FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(getUpload()[i]);                FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(getSavePath()+"\\"+this.getUploadFileName()[i]);                int length=fis.read(buffer);                while(length>0){                    fos.write(buffer, 0, length);                    length=fis.read(buffer);                }                fos.flush();                fos.close();                fis.close();            }            return SUCCESS;        }        public File[] getUpload() {            return upload;        }        public void setUpload(File[] upload) {            this.upload = upload;        }        public String[] getUploadContentType() {            return uploadContentType;        }        public void setUploadContentType(String[] uploadContentType) {            this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;        }        public String[] getUploadFileName() {            return uploadFileName;        }        public void setUploadFileName(String[] uploadFileName) {            this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;        }                public String getSavePath() {            return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath(savePath);        }        public void setSavePath(String savePath) {            this.savePath = savePath;        }        }

配置Action

<!-- 多个文件上传 -->        <action name="someupload" class="cn.action.SomeUploadAction">            <!-- 通过param参数设置保存目录的路径 -->            <param name="savePath">/upload</param>            <result name="success">success.jsp</result>        </action>

效果:

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三.文件下载

文件下载需要InputStream,首先在文件下载Action中提供一个获得InputStream的方法,通过输入流可以获取希望下载的文件内容

package cn.action;import java.io.BufferedInputStream;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.InputStream;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;public class FileDownAction extends ActionSupport {    //读取下载文件的目录        private String inputPath;                //下载文件的文件名        private String fileName;                //读取下载文件的输入流        private InputStream inputStream;                //下载文件的类型        private String conetntType;                                                public String execute(){            return SUCCESS;                    }        public String getInputPath() {            return inputPath;        }        public void setInputPath(String inputPath) {            this.inputPath = inputPath;        }        public String getFileName() {            return fileName;        }        public void setFileName(String fileName) {            this.fileName = fileName;        }        //创建InputStream输入流        public InputStream getInputStream() throws Exception {            String path=ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath(inputPath);            BufferedInputStream stream = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(path+"\\"+fileName));            return stream;        }        public void setInputStream(InputStream inputStream) {            this.inputStream = inputStream;        }        public String getConetntType() {            return conetntType;        }        public void setConetntType(String conetntType) {            this.conetntType = conetntType;        }                }

通过Context得到下载文件的实际路径,构建一个InputStream输入流实现文件的下载读取。

在配置文件中,同样对Action进行配置,并对stream结果类型的参数进行设置。

<!-- download指定的Action -->        <action name="download" class="cn.action.FileDownAction">            <param name="inputPath">/upload</param>            <result name="success" type="stream">                <param name="contentType">application/octet-stream</param>                <param name="inputName">inputStream</param>                <param name="contentDisposition">                    attachment;filename="${fileName}"                </param>                <param name="bufferSize">4096</param>            </result>        </action>

ContentType参数决定了下载文件的类型,不同的文件类型对应的参数值也是不同的。通常情况下,ContentType参数直接设置为application/octet-stream即可。

contentDisposition参数由两部分组成,前面的部分表示处理文件的形式,如attachement表示在下载时弹出对话框,提出用户保存或直接打开该文件;而后一部分表示下载文件的文件名称。两部分之间用“;”进行分隔。

然后开发一个简单的下载页面,在页面中设置一个超链接,通过超链接请求下载Action

<h1>文件下载</h1>        <s:a href="http://www.mamicode.com/download.action?fileName=2.jpg">点击此处下载文件</s:a>

 效果:

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文件上传&文件下载