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Ajax--PHP项目实战

    这两天在实验楼学习ajax,后台是用php写的,下面我将三个实战项目分享出来,也方便我以后随时查看。

    第一个项目我写的注释比较详细,第二个和第三个注释就写的比较少了,因为用的方法都差不多;这三个项目都是我们经常看到的,针对我们做测试的朋友来说,大部分是不知道这个到底是怎么实现的(当然包括我自己);我们经过不断的学习代码,知道功能是怎么实现的,我们测试起来也就轻松得多,也就不会提出一些很小白的问题,被developer笑了。

    好了下面就是三个项目,中间有什么问题希望大家不吝赐教:

一、环境准备:

1、搭建php开发环境, WampServer:

安装详情:http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/2d5afd69efe9cf85a3e28e54.html

2、准备数据

连接mysql数据库之后、创建数据库,表:

创建数据库 ajaxtest

create database ajaxtest default charset utf8;

 

use ajaxtest;

 

创建ajaxtable表:

create table ajaxtable(

userid int(11) not null auto_increment

username varchar(50) not null,

userpass varchar(50) not null,

userage int(11) not null,

usersex varchar(1) not null,

primary key(userid)

);

 

插入数据:

insert into ajaxtable values(1,‘张三‘,‘lisi‘,‘28‘,‘女‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(2,‘张一‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘男‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(3,‘张二‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘女‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(4,‘王一‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘男‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(5,‘王二‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘女‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(6,‘王三‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘女‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(7,‘王四‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘女‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(8,‘王五‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘女‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(9,‘李四‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘男‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(10,‘六三‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘女‘);

insert into ajaxtable values(11,‘杨思‘,‘lisi‘,‘18‘,‘男‘);

二、Ajax—PHP实战1:   

目的:在页面输入年龄、性别值,利用ajax发送请求,查询出满足条件的数据:

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结果演示:

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我的项目路径是:

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所以访问的url:http://localhost/ajaxtest/ajaxpro1/index.html

创建index.html

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4     <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5     <title>ajaxtest</title> 6     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> 7     <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"> 8         function ajaxFunction(){ 9             //该函数将页面的输入年龄和性别的值发送到ajaxtest.php中,然后返回查询的结果10             var xmlhttp;//定义一个xmlhttp变量11             try{12                 xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();//一个XMLHttpRequest对象13             }catch (e){14                 try{15                     xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");//这个主要是针对ie浏览器低版本的16                 }catch (e){17                     alert("你的游览器不支持");18                     return false;19                 }20             }21 //22 //            如果readyState状态改变,那就会触发onreadystatechange事件23 //            readyState的状态:24 //            0: 请求未初始化25 //            1: 服务器连接已建立26 //            2: 请求已接收27 //            3: 请求处理中28 //            4: 请求已完成,且响应已就绪29             xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function () {30                 if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4){31                     //如果readyState的状态为4,获取id为ajaxDiv的元素32                     var ajaxDisplay = document.getElementById(ajaxDiv);33                     //将查询的结果返回,显示34                     ajaxDisplay.innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;35                 }36             }37             //获取id为userage的元素,也就是年龄的值38             var userage = document.getElementById(userage).value;39             //获取id为usersex的元素,也就是性别的值40             var usersex = document.getElementById(usersex).value;41             //拼接请求的url42             var url = "?userage=" + userage;43             url += "&usersex=" + usersex;44             //准备请求45             xmlhttp.open("GET", "ajaxtest.php" + url, true);46             //将请求发送到服务器47             xmlhttp.send();48         }49     </script>50 51 </head>52 <body>53 <form name="myform">54     Age: <input type="text" name="userage" id="userage"><br><br>55     Sex: <select id="usersex" name="usersex">56     <option value="男"></option>57     <option value="女"></option>58 </select>59     <br><br>60     <input type="button" onclick="ajaxFunction()" value="执行">61 </form>62 <div id="ajaxDiv">显示执行ajax结果</div>63 </body>64 </html>

创建:ajaxtest.php

 1 <?php 2 /** 3  * Created by PhpStorm. 4  * User: xxx 5  * Date: 2016/10/10 6  * Time: 10:52 7  */ 8  9 error_reporting(0);//禁用错误报告10 # database message11 // 数据库连接信息12 $dbhost = "localhost";13 $dbuser = "root";14 $dbpswd = "123456";15 $dbname = "ajaxtest";16 17 // 获取ajax请求传入的参数18 $userage = $_GET[‘userage‘];19 $usersex = $_GET[‘usersex‘];20 21 $mysqli = new mysqli();22 // 连接数据库23 $mysqli->connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpswd, $dbname);24 if($mysqli->error){25     echo "连接数据库失败<br>".$mysqli->error;26 }27 // 设置utf8编码28 $mysqli->set_charset("utf8");29 // sql语句30 $query = "select * from ajaxtable where usersex = ‘$usersex‘";31 32 # 判断userage是否是个数字33 if(is_numeric($userage)){34     $query .= " AND userage <= ‘$userage‘";35 }36 # 查询数据37 $result = $mysqli->query($query);38 # 显示列表头39 $display_string = "<table>";40 $display_string .= "<tr>";41 $display_string .= "<th>用户名</th>";42 $display_string .= "<th>年龄</th>";43 $display_string .= "<th>性别</th>";44 $display_string .= "</tr>";45 46 # 显示内容47 while ($row = $result->fetch_array()){48     $display_string .= "<tr>";49     $display_string .= "<td>".$row[‘username‘]."</td>";50     $display_string .= "<td>".$row[‘usersex‘]."</td>";51     $display_string .= "<td>".$row[‘userage‘]."</td>";52     $display_string .= "</tr>";53 }54 $display_string .= "</table>";55 echo "SQL语句为:".$query."<br>";56 echo $display_string;57 58 // 释放查询结果59 $result->close();60 // 关闭mysql连接61 $mysqli->close();

三、Ajax—PHP实战2:

目的:输入用户名,验证数据库是否存在,有相应的提示

url: http://localhost/ajaxtest/ajaxpro2/index.html

执行结果:

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项目路径:

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创建index.html

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4     <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5     <title>Ajax表单验证</title> 6     <!--引入css文件:mycss.css--> 7     <link href="mycss.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> 8     <script> 9         function showHint() {10             // 获取用户名输入框的值11             var str = document.getElementById("username").value;12             if (str.length == 0){13                 // 如果输入框值为空的时候,提示14                 document.getElementById("showmsg").innerHTML = "用户名不能为空";15                 return;16             }else {17                 // ajax发送请求18                 var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();19                 xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function () {20                     if (xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200){21                         document.getElementById(showmsg).style.display = "block";22                         document.getElementById(showmsg).innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;23                     }24                 }25                 xmlhttp.open("GET", "ajaxtest.php?username=" + str, true);26                 xmlhttp.send();27             }28 29         }30     </script>31 </head>32 <body>33     <div class="container">34         <form id="contact" method="post">35             <input type="text" placeholder="用户名" id="username" name="username" onblur="showHint()">36             <div id="showmsg" style="display: none"></div>37         </form>38     </div>39 </body>40 </html>

创建mycss.css文件:

 1 * { 2     margin: 0; 3     padding: 0; 4     box-sizing: border-box; 5     -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; 6     -moz-box-sizing: border-box; 7     -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; 8 } 9 10 body {11     font-family: Arial,sans-serif;12     font-weight: 300;13     font-size: 12px;14     line-height: 30px;15 }16 17 .container {18     max-width: 400px;19     position: relative;20 }21 22 #contact {23     background: #F9F9F9;24     padding: 25px;25     margin: 5px 0;26 }27 28 #contact input[type="text"] {29     border: 1px solid #AAA;30     width: 200px;31     height: 25px;32 }33 34 #contact input:focus, #contact textarea:focus {35     outline:0;36     border:1px solid #999;37 }38 ::-webkit-input-placeholder {39     color:#888;40 }41 :-moz-placeholder {42     color:#888;43 }44 ::-moz-placeholder {45     color:#888;46 }47 :-ms-input-placeholder {48     color:#888;49 }

创建ajaxtest.php文件:

 1 <?php 2 /** 3  * Created by PhpStorm. 4  * User: xxx 5  * Date: 2016/10/11 6  * Time: 9:00 7  */ 8 error_reporting(0); 9 $dbhost = "localhost";10 $dbuser = "root";11 $dbpswd = "123456";12 $dbname = "ajaxtest";13 14 $checkmsg = $_GET[‘username‘];15 16 $myselect = new mysqli();17 $myselect->connect($dbhost,$dbuser,$dbpswd,$dbname);18 $myselect->set_charset("utf8");19 $sql = "select * from ajaxtable where username=‘$checkmsg‘";20 $result = $myselect->query($sql);21 22 $rownum = $result->num_rows;23 //echo $rownum;24 if($rownum >= 1){25     echo ‘<font color="red">用户名已存在</font>‘;26 }else{27     echo ‘<font color="green">用户名可用</font>‘;28 }29 30 $result->close();31 $myselect->close();

四、Ajax—PHP实战3:

目的:根据输入的值进行搜索,显示出搜索结果,并且可以点击下拉框中的值可以跳转到新的页面;也可以根据输入的值,点击搜索按钮,进入结果页面。

结果演示:

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项目路径:

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访问Url:http://localhost/ajaxtest/ajaxpro3/index.html

创建index.html

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4     <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5     <title>Ajax搜索</title> 6     <link href="mycss.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> 7     <script> 8         function showHint(str) { 9             if(str.length==0){10                 document.getElementById("showmsg").innerHTML = "";11                 return;12             }else {13                 var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();14                 xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function () {15                     if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200){16                         document.getElementById("showmsg").style.display = "block";17                         document.getElementById("showmsg").innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;18                     }19                 }20                 xmlhttp.open("GET","ajaxtest.php?keywords=" + str,true);21                 xmlhttp.send();22             }23         }24     </script>25 </head>26 <body>27     <form action="result.php" method="get">28         <input type="text" name="keywords" id="keywords" onkeyup="showHint(this.value)">29         <input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="搜索">30         <div id="showmsg" style="display: none"></div>31     </form>32 33 </body>34 </html>

创建mycss.css

 1 body { 2     color: #555; 3 } 4  5 #keywords { 6     width: 485px; 7     height: 28px; 8     margin: 0px; 9     font-size: 14px;10 }11 12 #showmsg {13     display: block;14     border: solid 1px #B0B0B0;15     width: 487px;16     line-height: 28px;17     font-size: 14px;18 }19 20 #submit{21     width: 90px;22     height: 30px;23 }24 25 a:link{ text-decoration: none; color: blue}26 a:active{ text-decoration: blink;}27 a:visited {text-decoration: none; color: green}28 a:hover{ text-decoration: underline; color: red}

创建ajaxtest.php

 1 <?php 2 /** 3  * Created by PhpStorm. 4  * User: LSH 5  * Date: 2016/10/11 6  * Time: 11:00 7  */ 8 error_reporting(0); 9 $dbhost = "localhost";10 $dbuser = "root";11 $dbpswd = "123456";12 $dbname = "ajaxtest";13 14 $checkmsg = $_GET[‘keywords‘];15 16 $myselect = new mysqli();17 $myselect->connect($dbhost,$dbuser,$dbpswd,$dbname);18 $myselect->set_charset("utf8");19 $sql = "select * from ajaxtable where username LIKE ‘%$checkmsg%‘";20 $result = $myselect->query($sql);21 22 $rownum = $result->num_rows;23 //echo $rownum;24 if($rownum < 1){25     echo "数据库无数据";26 }else if($rownum == 1){27     $row = $result->fetch_array();28     echo "<a href=http://www.mamicode.com/‘result.php?keywords=".$row[‘username‘]."‘>".$row[‘username‘]."</a>";29 }else{30     while ($row = $result->fetch_array()){31         echo "<a href=http://www.mamicode.com/‘result.php?keywords=".$row[‘username‘]."‘>".$row[‘username‘]."</a>"."<br>";32     }33 }34 35 $result->close();36 $myselect->close();

创建result.php:

 1 <?php 2 /** 3  * Created by PhpStorm. 4  * User: LSH 5  * Date: 2016/10/11 6  * Time: 11:00 7  */ 8 error_reporting(0); 9 $dbhost = "localhost";10 $dbuser = "root";11 $dbpswd = "123456";12 $dbname = "ajaxtest";13 14 $checkmsg = $_GET[‘keywords‘];15 16 $myselect = new mysqli();17 $myselect->connect($dbhost,$dbuser,$dbpswd,$dbname);18 $myselect->set_charset("utf8");19 $sql = "select * from ajaxtable where username LIKE ‘%$checkmsg%‘";20 $result = $myselect->query($sql);21 22 //echo $sql;23 ?>24 <!DOCTYPE html>25 <html lang="en">26 <head>27     <meta charset="UTF-8">28     <title>查询结果</title>29     <link href="http://www.mamicode.com/mycss.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">30 </head>31 <body>32 <?php33 //echo $result->num_rows;34     while ($row = $result->fetch_array()){35         echo "<div><h1>姓名:$row[username]</h1><p>年龄:$row[userage],性别:$row[usersex]</p></div><br>";36     }37 $result->close();38 $myselect->close();39 ?>40 </body>41 </html>

 

Ajax--PHP项目实战