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yaffs2在am335x上实施

一.yaffs2文件烧写(通过网口)

uboot下输入如下命令:

setenv ipaddr 192.168.2.110;setenv serverip 192.168.2.222;saveenv

nandecc hw 2

 

nand erase 0 0x80000

tftp 81000000 MLO

nand write 81000000 0 8f5b; nand write 81000000 20000 8f5b; nand write 81000000 40000 8f5b; nand write 81000000 60000 8f5b

 

nand erase 0x80000 0x200000

tftp 81000000 u-boot.img

nand write 81000000 80000 3e1cc

 

nand erase 700000 0x80000

tftp 81000000 logo.bmp

nand write 81000000 700000 12f96

 

run erase_kernel

tftp 81000000 uImage

nand write 81000000 280000 2ca930

 

run erase_rootfs

tftp 81000000 rootfs_yaffs2;

nand write.yaffs 81000000 780000 406bc0

 

nandecc hw 0

nand erase 700000 0x80000

tftp 81000000 logo.bmp

nand write 81000000 700000 12f96

 

setenv bootargs noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock7 init=/linuxrc console=ttyO0,115200n8 rootfstype=yaffs2 mem=253M;setenv bootcmd nandecc hw 2\; nand read.i ${kloadaddr} ${nand_src_addr} ${nand_img_siz}\;nandecc hw 0\; nand read.i ${logoaddr} ${splashimage} 0x80000\; bootm ${kloadaddr};saveenv

 

简单方法:借助SD卡,将镜像拷贝到SD中,最后uboot执行如下命令:

setenv ipaddr 192.168.2.110;setenv serverip 192.168.2.222;saveenv;

 

run erase_rootfs;tftp 81000000 rootfs_yaffs2;nand write.yaffs 81000000 780000 406bc0

 

setenv bootargs noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock7 init=/linuxrc console=ttyO0,115200n8 rootfstype=yaffs2 mem=253M;setenv bootcmd nandecc hw 2\; nand read.i ${kloadaddr} ${nand_src_addr} ${nand_img_siz}\;nandecc hw 0\; nand read.i ${logoaddr} ${splashimage} 0x80000\; bootm ${kloadaddr};saveenv

 

注:通过原来u-boot可知,在烧写MLO时,nandecc hw 2,此后MLO,u-boot.img,uImage,ubi.img都是该ECC校验;在烧写logo.bmp时又修改ECC,nandecc hw 0。uboot的ENV也是nandecc hw 0。

 

注:nand dump 0x780000显示nand内容包含oob,从而可了解yaffs烧写时oob内容;刚开始按照yaffs2中mkyaffs2img工具制作的yaffs2在烧写后,再次u-boot启动时提示均为坏块,是因为oob的ECC布局不对(默认oob的前两个字节保留为坏块标识,不应被占用,好块标识为0xFF 0xFF)。可通过scrube命令擦除坏块后重新烧写。

二.烧写应用程序

烧写应用程序与原来完全相同。

 

三.yaffs文件系统修改及制作

文件系统内容修改

1)配置文件/etc/setup.sh和/etc/mount.sh已修改,修改了与803相关的挂测内容。

/etc/setup.sh

146 elif [ $product = 803s -o $product = 803e ];then

147 #   mount -t ubifs ubi0:app /usr/app_install/

148 #   sync

149         flash_eraseall /dev/mtd8

150         flash_eraseall /dev/mtd9

151

152         mount -t yaffs2 /dev/mtdblock8 /usr/app_install/

153 fi

 

/etc/mount.sh

  6 echo "mount app partition..."

  7 if [ "${HW_PLATFORM}" = "803s" -o "${HW_PLATFORM}" = "803e" ];then

  8 #   mount -t ubifs ubi0:app ${APP_INSTALL_DIR}/

  9     mount -t yaffs2 /dev/mtdblock8 ${APP_INSTALL_DIR}/

 

 26 #mount database partiton

 27 echo "mount database partition..."

 28 if [ "${HW_PLATFORM}" = "803s" -o "${HW_PLATFORM}" = "803e" ];then

 29 #   mount -t ubifs ubi0:db ${APP_INSTALL_DIR}/db/database

 30 #   sync

 31     mount -t yaffs2 /dev/mtdblock9 ${APP_INSTALL_DIR}/db/database

2)增加分区设备文件mtd7-9,mtdblock7-9

crw-r--r-- 1 root root 90, 14 Sep 22 20:02 mtd7

crw-r--r-- 1 root root 90, 16 Sep 22 20:02 mtd8

crw-r--r-- 1 root root 90, 18 Sep 22 20:03 mtd9

brw-r--r-- 1 root root 31,  7 Sep  7 17:01 mtdblock7

brw-r--r-- 1 root root 31,  8 Sep  7 17:01 mtdblock8

brw-r--r-- 1 root root 31,  9 Sep  7 17:02 mtdblock9

3) 文件系统制作

仅需要使用一条命令:

./mkyaffs2image-128M rootfs_yaffs2 rootfs_yaffs2_20160923

四.uboot修改(详情可参考git)

修改内容在yaffs文件烧写的实现部分,修改处在nand_write_skip_bad()如下:

drivers/mtd/nand/nand_util.c

531 #ifndef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS    //wqh add

532     if (!need_skip && !(flags & WITH_DROP_FFS)) {

533         rval = nand_write (nand, offset, length, buffer);

534         if (rval == 0)

535             return 0;

536

537         *length = 0;

538         printf ("NAND write to offset %llx failed %d\n",

539             offset, rval);

540         return rval;

541     }

542 #endif

 

563 #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS

564         if (flags & WITH_YAFFS_OOB) {

565             int page, pages;

566             size_t pagesize = nand->writesize;

567             size_t pagesize_oob = pagesize + nand->oobsize;

568             struct mtd_oob_ops ops;

569

570             ops.len = pagesize;

571             ops.ooblen = nand->oobsize;

572 //          ops.mode = MTD_OOB_AUTO;    //wqh add

573             ops.mode = MTD_OOB_RAW;

574             ops.ooboffs = 0;

575

576             pages = write_size / pagesize_oob;

577             for (page = 0; page < pages; page++) {

578                 WATCHDOG_RESET();

579

580                 ops.datbuf = p_buffer;

581                 ops.oobbuf = ops.datbuf + pagesize;

582

583                 printf("----write at offset 0x%08llx.\n", offset);

584                 rval = nand->write_oob(nand, offset, &ops);

585 //              if (rval)      //wqh mod

586 //                  break;      //wqh mod

587

588                 offset += pagesize;

589                 p_buffer += pagesize_oob;

590             }

591

592             printf("write %d bytes end offset 0x%08llx\n", write_s    ize, offset);

593         }

五.内核修改(详情可参考git)

内核中主要修改Nand的ECC校验,现在修改为“无校验”,为更好扩展,主要修改内容如下:

>>arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-am335xevm.c中修改evm_nand_init()中ECC选项

2016     //pdata->ecc_opt =OMAP_ECC_BCH8_CODE_HW;

2017     pdata->ecc_opt =OMAP_ECC_NONE; //wqh fix for yaffs2

2018     pdata->elm_used = true;

2019     gpmc_device[0].pdata = http://www.mamicode.com/pdata;

2020     gpmc_device[0].flag = GPMC_DEVICE_NAND;

>>arch/arm/plat-omap/include/plat/gpmc.h中增加OMAP_ECC_NONE选项

 89 enum omap_ecc {

 90         /* 1-bit ecc: stored at end of spare area */

 91     OMAP_ECC_HAMMING_CODE_DEFAULT = 0, /* Default, s/w method */

 92     OMAP_ECC_HAMMING_CODE_HW, /* gpmc to detect the error */

 93         /* 1-bit ecc: stored at beginning of spare area as romcode     */

 94     OMAP_ECC_HAMMING_CODE_HW_ROMCODE, /* gpmc method & romcode lay    out */

 95     OMAP_ECC_BCH4_CODE_HW, /* gpmc bch detection & s/w method corr    ection */

 96     OMAP_ECC_BCH8_CODE_HW, /* gpmc bch detection & s/w method corr    ection */

 97     OMAP_ECC_NONE, /*wqh add for NAND_ECC_NONE */

 98 };

>>drivers/mtd/nand/omap2.c中修改选项的驱动omap_nand_probe()

1201     /* selsect the ecc type */

1202     if(pdata->ecc_opt == OMAP_ECC_NONE)   /* wqh add for NADN_ECC     _NONE */

1203         info->nand.ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_NONE;

1204     else if (pdata->ecc_opt == OMAP_ECC_HAMMING_CODE_DEFAULT)

1205         info->nand.ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT;

 

1236     /* select ecc lyout */

1237     /* wqh add for NADN_ECC_NONE */

1238     if (info->nand.ecc.mode == NAND_ECC_NONE)

1239     {

1240         // nothing for NAND_ECC_NONE

1241     }

1242     else if (info->nand.ecc.mode != NAND_ECC_SOFT) {

六.文件系统启动参数修改

yaffs文件系统作为linux根文件系统时需要配置bootargs和bootcmd参数。

setenv bootargs noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock7 init=/linuxrc console=ttyO0,115200n8 rootfstype=yaffs2 mem=253M;setenv bootcmd nandecc hw 2\; nand read.i ${kloadaddr} ${nand_src_addr} ${nand_img_siz}\;nandecc hw 0\; nand read.i ${logoaddr} ${splashimage} 0x80000\; bootm ${kloadaddr};

注:实际测试中发现如下事项

》》bootargs必须包含mem选项,mem=253M;若不包含,终端信息显示到内核解压处,之后无其他信息。

》》bootargs应制定文件系统类型,否则VFS挂载不了文件系统yaffs2。

》》无论烧写不烧写文件系统,都提示“Failed to execute /linuxrc”(找不到根文件也提示这个)。

七.linux支持最新的yaffs(详情参考git)

将最新yaffs文件从官网下载后,整合到内核中。从官网下载的内核支持yaffs所有操作,但编译完成的制作工具mkyaffs2image仍不能很好制作根文件系统,该工具需要修改。

从友善之臂下载的mkyaffs2image-128M可很好完成yaffs2文件制作。

 

版本备注:

u-boot-2011.09-psp04.06.00.07

linux-3.2-psp04.06.00.07.sdk

yaffs2_20160708

 

yaffs2在am335x上实施