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Android UI开发 popupwindow介绍以及代码实例
摘要 PopupWindow在android.widget包下，弹出窗口的形式展示。官方文档对该控件的描述是：“一个弹出窗口控件，可以用来显示任意视图(View)，而且会浮动在当前 活动(activity)的顶部”。PopupWindow可以让我们实现多种自定义控件，例如：menu、alertdialog等弹窗
PopupWindow在android.widget包下，弹出窗口的形式展示。官方文档对该控件的描述是：“一个弹出窗口控件，可以用来显示任意视图(View)，而且会浮动在当前 活动(activity)的顶部”。PopupWindow可以让我们实现多种自定义控件，例如：menu、alertdialog等弹窗似的View。
一、PopupWindow的简单用法
在这个例子中，popupwindow在onCreate时初始化、通过触发事件展示出来。
java代码：
public class ShowPopupWindow extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener { View view; PopupWindow pop; Button btnShowAsDrawDown; Button btnShowAsDrawDown1; Button btnShowAtLocation; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.popup_activity); btnShowAsDrawDown = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnShowAsDrawDown); btnShowAsDrawDown.setOnClickListener(this); btnShowAsDrawDown1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnShowAsDrawDown1); btnShowAsDrawDown1.setOnClickListener(this); btnShowAtLocation = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnShowAt); btnShowAtLocation.setOnClickListener(this); initPopupWindow(); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (v.getId()){ case R.id.btnShowAsDrawDown: if (pop.isShowing()){ pop.dismiss(); } else{ pop.showAsDropDown(v); } break; case R.id.btnShowAsDrawDown1: if (pop.isShowing()){ pop.dismiss(); } else{ pop.showAsDropDown(v, 0, -160); } break; default: if (pop.isShowing()){ pop.dismiss(); } else{ pop.showAtLocation(findViewById(R.id.main), Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL, 0, 0); } break; } } private void initPopupWindow(){ view = this.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.popup_window, null); pop = new PopupWindow(view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); pop.setOutsideTouchable(true); view.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub pop.dismiss(); } }); }}
布局文件：popup_activity.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:id="@+id/main" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="pop demo!" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnShowAsDrawDown" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Show as drawndown(one parameter)" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnShowAsDrawDown1" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Show as drawndown(three parameters)" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnShowAt" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Show At Location" /> </LinearLayout>
布局文件：popup_window.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:background="#d3d3d3"> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_pop" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Close" android:layout_margin="10dip" /></LinearLayout>
二、一个能在自适应位置的PopupWindow
分享一个实例。看效果：
实现中使用的 PopupWindow。这里做了简单封装，其中有三个类组成：PopuItem、PopuJar、PopupWindows。
public class PopuItem { private Drawable icon; private Bitmap thumb; private String title; private int actionId = -1; private boolean selected; private boolean sticky; /** * Constructor * * @param actionId Action id for case statements * @param title Title * @param icon Icon to use */ public PopuItem(int actionId, String title, Drawable icon) { this.title = title; this.icon = icon; this.actionId = actionId; } /** * Constructor */ public PopuItem() { this(-1, null, null); } /** * Constructor * * @param actionId Action id of the item * @param title Text to show for the item */ public PopuItem(int actionId, String title) { this(actionId, title, null); } /** * Constructor * * @param icon {@link Drawable} action icon */ public PopuItem(Drawable icon) { this(-1, null, icon); } /** * Constructor * * @param actionId Action ID of item * @param icon {@link Drawable} action icon */ public PopuItem(int actionId, Drawable icon) { this(actionId, null, icon); } /** * Set action title * * @param title action title */ public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } /** * Get action title * * @return action title */ public String getTitle() { return this.title; } /** * Set action icon * * @param icon {@link Drawable} action icon */ public void setIcon(Drawable icon) { this.icon = icon; } /** * Get action icon * @return {@link Drawable} action icon */ public Drawable getIcon() { return this.icon; } /** * Set action id * * @param actionId Action id for this action */ public void setActionId(int actionId) { this.actionId = actionId; } /** * @return Our action id */ public int getActionId() { return actionId; } /** * Set sticky status of button * * @param sticky true for sticky, pop up sends event but does not disappear */ public void setSticky(boolean sticky) { this.sticky = sticky; } /** * @return true if button is sticky, menu stays visible after press */ public boolean isSticky() { return sticky; } /** * Set selected flag; * * @param selected Flag to indicate the item is selected */ public void setSelected(boolean selected) { this.selected = selected; } /** * Check if item is selected * * @return true or false */ public boolean isSelected() { return this.selected; } /** * Set thumb * * @param thumb Thumb image */ public void setThumb(Bitmap thumb) { this.thumb = thumb; } /** * Get thumb image * * @return Thumb image */ public Bitmap getThumb() { return this.thumb; }}
public class PopuJar extends PopupWindows implements OnDismissListener { private View mRootView; private ImageView mArrowUp; private ImageView mArrowDown; private LayoutInflater mInflater; private ViewGroup mTrack; private ScrollView mScroller; private OnPopuItemClickListener mItemClickListener; private OnDismissListener mDismissListener; private List<PopuItem> PopuItems = new ArrayList<PopuItem>(); private boolean mDidAction; private int mChildPos; private int mInsertPos; private int mAnimStyle; private int mOrientation; private int rootWidth=0; public static final int HORIZONTAL = 0; public static final int VERTICAL = 1; public static final int ANIM_GROW_FROM_LEFT = 1; public static final int ANIM_GROW_FROM_RIGHT = 2; public static final int ANIM_GROW_FROM_CENTER = 3; public static final int ANIM_REFLECT = 4; public static final int ANIM_AUTO = 5; /** * Constructor for default vertical layout * * @param context Context */ public PopuJar(Context context) { this(context, VERTICAL); } /** * Constructor allowing orientation override * * @param context Context * @param orientation Layout orientation, can be vartical or horizontal */ public PopuJar(Context context, int orientation) { super(context); mOrientation = orientation; mInflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL) { setRootViewId(R.layout.popup_horizontal); } else { setRootViewId(R.layout.popup_vertical); } mAnimStyle = ANIM_AUTO; mChildPos = 0; } /** * Get action item at an index * * @param index Index of item (position from callback) * * @return Action Item at the position */ public PopuItem getPopuItem(int index) { return PopuItems.get(index); } /** * Set root view. * * @param id Layout resource id */ public void setRootViewId(int id) { mRootView = (ViewGroup) mInflater.inflate(id, null); mTrack = (ViewGroup) mRootView.findViewById(R.id.tracks); mArrowDown = (ImageView) mRootView.findViewById(R.id.arrow_down); mArrowUp = (ImageView) mRootView.findViewById(R.id.arrow_up); mScroller = (ScrollView) mRootView.findViewById(R.id.scroller); //This was previously defined on show() method, moved here to prevent force close that occured //when tapping fastly on a view to show quickaction dialog. //Thanx to zammbi (github.com/zammbi) mRootView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); setContentView(mRootView); } /** * Set animation style * * @param mAnimStyle animation style, default is set to ANIM_AUTO */ public void setAnimStyle(int mAnimStyle) { this.mAnimStyle = mAnimStyle; } /** * Set listener for action item clicked. * * @param listener Listener */ public void setOnPopuItemClickListener(OnPopuItemClickListener listener) { mItemClickListener = listener; } /** * Add action item * * @param action {@link PopuItem} */ public void addPopuItem(PopuItem action) { PopuItems.add(action); String title = action.getTitle(); Drawable icon = action.getIcon(); View container; if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL) { container = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.action_item_horizontal, null); } else { container = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.action_item_vertical, null); } ImageView img = (ImageView) container.findViewById(R.id.iv_icon); TextView text = (TextView) container.findViewById(R.id.tv_title); if (icon != null) { img.setImageDrawable(icon); } else { img.setVisibility(View.GONE); } if (title != null) { text.setText(title); } else { text.setVisibility(View.GONE); } final int pos = mChildPos; final int actionId = action.getActionId(); container.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (mItemClickListener != null) { mItemClickListener.onItemClick(PopuJar.this, pos, actionId); } if (!getPopuItem(pos).isSticky()) { mDidAction = true; dismiss(); } } }); container.setFocusable(true); container.setClickable(true); if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL && mChildPos != 0) { View separator = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.horiz_separator, null); RelativeLayout.LayoutParams params = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT); separator.setLayoutParams(params); separator.setPadding(5, 0, 5, 0); mTrack.addView(separator, mInsertPos); mInsertPos++; } mTrack.addView(container, mInsertPos); mChildPos++; mInsertPos++; } /** * Show quickaction popup. Popup is automatically positioned, on top or bottom of anchor view. * */ public void show (View anchor) { preShow(); int xPos, yPos, arrowPos; mDidAction = false; int[] location = new int[2]; anchor.getLocationOnScreen(location); Rect anchorRect = new Rect(location[0], location[1], location[0] + anchor.getWidth(), location[1] + anchor.getHeight()); //mRootView.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); mRootView.measure(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); int rootHeight = mRootView.getMeasuredHeight(); if (rootWidth == 0) { rootWidth = mRootView.getMeasuredWidth(); } int screenWidth = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getWidth(); int screenHeight = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getHeight(); //automatically get X coord of popup (top left) if ((anchorRect.left + rootWidth) > screenWidth) { xPos = anchorRect.left - (rootWidth-anchor.getWidth()); xPos = (xPos < 0) ? 0 : xPos; arrowPos = anchorRect.centerX()-xPos; } else { if (anchor.getWidth() > rootWidth) { xPos = anchorRect.centerX() - (rootWidth/2); } else { xPos = anchorRect.left; } arrowPos = anchorRect.centerX()-xPos; } int dyTop = anchorRect.top; int dyBottom = screenHeight - anchorRect.bottom; boolean onTop = (dyTop > dyBottom) ? true : false; if (onTop) { if (rootHeight > dyTop) { yPos = 15; LayoutParams l = mScroller.getLayoutParams(); l.height = dyTop - anchor.getHeight(); } else { yPos = anchorRect.top - rootHeight; } } else { yPos = anchorRect.bottom; if (rootHeight > dyBottom) { LayoutParams l = mScroller.getLayoutParams(); l.height = dyBottom; } } showArrow(((onTop) ? R.id.arrow_down : R.id.arrow_up), arrowPos); setAnimationStyle(screenWidth, anchorRect.centerX(), onTop); mWindow.showAtLocation(anchor, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, xPos, yPos); } /** * Set animation style * * @param screenWidth screen width * @param requestedX distance from left edge * @param onTop flag to indicate where the popup should be displayed. Set TRUE if displayed on top of anchor view * and vice versa */ private void setAnimationStyle(int screenWidth, int requestedX, boolean onTop) { int arrowPos = requestedX - mArrowUp.getMeasuredWidth()/2; switch (mAnimStyle) { case ANIM_GROW_FROM_LEFT: mWindow.setAnimationStyle((onTop) ? R.style.Animations_PopUpMenu_Left : R.style.Animations_PopDownMenu_Left); break; case ANIM_GROW_FROM_RIGHT: mWindow.setAnimationStyle((onTop) ? R.style.Animations_PopUpMenu_Right : R.style.Animations_PopDownMenu_Right); break; case ANIM_GROW_FROM_CENTER: mWindow.setAnimationStyle((onTop) ? R.style.Animations_PopUpMenu_Center : R.style.Animations_PopDownMenu_Center); break; case ANIM_REFLECT: mWindow.setAnimationStyle((onTop) ? R.style.Animations_PopUpMenu_Reflect : R.style.Animations_PopDownMenu_Reflect); break; case ANIM_AUTO: if (arrowPos <= screenWidth/4) { mWindow.setAnimationStyle((onTop) ? R.style.Animations_PopUpMenu_Left : R.style.Animations_PopDownMenu_Left); } else if (arrowPos > screenWidth/4 && arrowPos < 3 * (screenWidth/4)) { mWindow.setAnimationStyle((onTop) ? R.style.Animations_PopUpMenu_Center : R.style.Animations_PopDownMenu_Center); } else { mWindow.setAnimationStyle((onTop) ? R.style.Animations_PopUpMenu_Right : R.style.Animations_PopDownMenu_Right); } break; } } /** * Show arrow * * @param whichArrow arrow type resource id * @param requestedX distance from left screen */ private void showArrow(int whichArrow, int requestedX) { final View showArrow = (whichArrow == R.id.arrow_up) ? mArrowUp : mArrowDown; final View hideArrow = (whichArrow == R.id.arrow_up) ? mArrowDown : mArrowUp; final int arrowWidth = mArrowUp.getMeasuredWidth(); showArrow.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams param = (ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams)showArrow.getLayoutParams(); param.leftMargin = requestedX - arrowWidth / 2; hideArrow.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); } /** * Set listener for window dismissed. This listener will only be fired if the quicakction dialog is dismissed * by clicking outside the dialog or clicking on sticky item. */ public void setOnDismissListener(PopuJar.OnDismissListener listener) { setOnDismissListener(this); mDismissListener = listener; } @Override public void onDismiss() { if (!mDidAction && mDismissListener != null) { mDismissListener.onDismiss(); } } /** * Listener for item click * */ public interface OnPopuItemClickListener { public abstract void onItemClick(PopuJar source, int pos, int actionId); } /** * Listener for window dismiss * */ public interface OnDismissListener { public abstract void onDismiss(); }}
public class PopupWindows { protected Context mContext; protected PopupWindow mWindow; protected View mRootView; protected Drawable mBackground = null; protected WindowManager mWindowManager; /** * Constructor. * * @param context Context */ public PopupWindows(Context context) { mContext = context; mWindow = new PopupWindow(context); mWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new OnTouchListener() { @Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE) { mWindow.dismiss(); return true; } return false; } }); mWindowManager = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE); } /** * On dismiss */ protected void onDismiss() { } /** * On show */ protected void onShow() { } /** * On pre show */ protected void preShow() { if (mRootView == null) throw new IllegalStateException("setContentView was not called with a view to display."); onShow(); if (mBackground == null) mWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(new BitmapDrawable()); else mWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(mBackground); mWindow.setWidth(WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); mWindow.setHeight(WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); mWindow.setTouchable(true); mWindow.setFocusable(true); mWindow.setOutsideTouchable(true); mWindow.setContentView(mRootView); } /** * Set background drawable. * * @param background Background drawable */ public void setBackgroundDrawable(Drawable background) { mBackground = background; } /** * Set content view. * * @param root Root view */ public void setContentView(View root) { mRootView = root; mWindow.setContentView(root); } /** * Set content view. * * @param layoutResID Resource id */ public void setContentView(int layoutResID) { LayoutInflater inflator = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); setContentView(inflator.inflate(layoutResID, null)); } /** * Set listener on window dismissed. * * @param listener */ public void setOnDismissListener(PopupWindow.OnDismissListener listener) { mWindow.setOnDismissListener(listener); } /** * Dismiss the popup window. */ public void dismiss() { mWindow.dismiss(); }}
Popu调用时在onCreate使用如下：
PopuItem userItem = new PopuItem(ID_USER, "用户", getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.child_image));PopuItem grounpItem = new PopuItem(ID_GROUNP, "群组", getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.user_group));//use setSticky(true) to disable PopuJar dialog being dismissed after an item is clickeduserItem.setSticky(true); //create PopuJar. Use PopuJar.VERTICAL or PopuJar.HORIZONTAL param to define layoutfinal PopuJar mPopu = new PopuJar(this, PopuJar.VERTICAL); //add action items into PopuJarmPopu.addPopuItem(userItem);mPopu.addPopuItem(grounpItem);
显示popu：
mPopu.show(v); //v表示显示在那个view下面
Android UI开发 popupwindow介绍以及代码实例
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