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JS异步上传Excel 并使用NPOI进行读写操作
实现功能
导入——客户端使用 ajaxfileupload.js 插件实现Excel的异步上传,并在服务端解析成JSON字符串返回页面
导出——将页面中的grid表拼接成JSON串上传至服务器,在服务端新建Excel并将数据导入,随后返回url给用户下载
客户端(Test.aspx)
页面上需要实现的效果是显示一个“导入”按钮,hover时会显示标准格式图片,点击触发上传事件,选择Excel文件后上传到服务器,HTML代码如下
PS:使用了Bootstrap样式,也可以自己定义。“loadingDiv”为加载控件,“downfile”存放返回的url,提供下载。附送loading.gif资源,也可以用CSS绘制,可参考我的第一篇博文几个单元素Loading动画解构~
1 <div id="loadingDiv"><div id="loadingCont"><img src="assets/loading.gif"/><span style="">请稍等...</span></div></div> 2 <a id="downfile"><span></span></a> 3 4 <div class="col-md-2 col-xs-4"> 5 <button class="btn btn-info" id="tab2-btn-import"><img src="assets/计算四参数.png"/><i class="icon-reply"></i>导入</button> 6 <input type="file" name="file" id="upload-file" accept="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, application/vnd.ms-excel"/> 7 </div> 8 9 <div class="col-md-2 col-xs-4"><button class="btn btn-primary" id="tab2-btn-export"><i class="icon-share-alt"></i>导出</button></div>
CSS代码如下
#loadingDiv{ width:100%; height:100%; position:absolute; z-index:999; display:none; } #loadingCont{ width:130px; height:50px; position:relative; padding-left:10px; left:calc(50% - 50px); top:40%; border-radius:3px; background-color:#fff; } #loadingCont img{ width:50px; height:50px; } #loadingCont span{ position:relative; top:2px; color: #696969; font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"; } #tab2-btn-import{ position:relative; } #tab2-btn-import img{ position:absolute; top:-70px; left:-145px; border:1px solid #999; display:none; } #upload-file{ width:80px; height:35px; position:absolute; top:0; left:calc(50% - 40px); cursor:pointer; opacity:0; }
实现hover效果和导入、导出的JS代码:
1 //Uploadify 2 //导入 3 $("#upload-file").change(ImportExcel); 4 function ImportExcel() { 5 $("#loadingDiv").show(); //显示加载控件; 6 $.ajaxFileUpload( 7 { 8 url: ‘Test.aspx‘, //用于文件上传的服务器端请求地址 9 secureuri: false, //是否需要安全协议,一般设置为false 10 fileElementId: ‘upload-file‘, //文件上传域的ID 11 dataType: ‘JSON‘, //返回值类型 一般设置为json 12 success: function (data, status) //服务器成功响应处理函数 13 { 14 if (status == "success") { 15 try { 16 var jsondata =http://www.mamicode.com/ $.parseJSON(data); 17 if (jsondata[0]["源坐标X"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["源坐标Y"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["目标坐标X"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["目标坐标Y"] == undefined) { 18 alert("Excel格式有误,请按标准格式导入"); 19 } 20 else { 21 var rows_be = grid.count(); 22 for (var i = 1; i <= rows_be ; i++) { 23 grid.removeRow(i); //grid.clear()不会清空,再使用addRow时仍会显示之前数据,暂时解决办法为暴力清空 24 } 25 for (var i = 0; i < jsondata.length; i++) { 26 grid.addRow({ ‘点名‘: jsondata[i]["点名"], "源坐标X": jsondata[i]["源坐标X"], "源坐标Y": jsondata[i]["源坐标Y"], "目标坐标X": jsondata[i]["目标坐标X"], "目标坐标Y": jsondata[i]["目标坐标Y"] }); 27 } 28 } 29 } 30 catch (e) { 31 console.log(e); 32 alert("Excel格式有误,请按标准格式导入"); 33 } 34 finally { 35 $("#upload-file").change(ImportExcel); //ajaxFileUpload插件执行完成会新建,需要重新绑定事件 36 $("#loadingDiv").hide(); //数据准备完成,隐藏加载控件 37 } 38 } 39 }, 40 error: function (data, status, e)//服务器响应失败处理函数 41 { 42 console.log(e); 43 $("#loadingDiv").hide(); 44 } 45 }); 46 } 47 48 //hover时显示提示 49 $("#upload-file").hover(function () { $("#tab2-btn-import img").show(); }, function () { $("#tab2-btn-import img").hide(); }); 50 51 //导出 52 $("#tab2-btn-export").on("click", ExportExcel); 53 function ExportExcel() { 54 $("#loadingDiv").show(); 55 $.ajax({ 56 type: ‘post‘, 57 url: ‘Test.aspx/Export2Excel‘, 58 data: "{‘RowData‘:‘" + JSON.stringify(grid.getAll()) + "‘}", 59 dataType: ‘json‘, 60 contentType: ‘application/json;charset=utf-8‘, 61 success: function (data) { 62 console.log(data); 63 if (data.d == "") { 64 alert("该时段无历史数据"); 65 } 66 else { 67 var jsondata =http://www.mamicode.com/ $.parseJSON(data.d); 68 if (jsondata["result"] != "fail") downloadFile(window.location.host + "\\文件路径,此处隐藏\\" + jsondata["result"]); 69 } 70 $("#loadingDiv").hide(); 71 }, 72 error: function (msg) { 73 console.log(msg); 74 $("#loadingDiv").hide(); 75 } 76 }); 77 } 78 }); 79 //自动下载文件 80 function downloadFile(docurl) { 81 $("#downfile").attr("href", "http://" + docurl); 82 $("#downfile span").click(); 83 }
PS:对于ajaxFileUpload插件的使用可以看看这篇文章jQuery插件之ajaxFileUpload,因为插件代码很短所以在这里贴出来,各位新建一个js文件粘进去即可。
1 jQuery.extend({ 2 3 4 createUploadIframe: function(id, uri) 5 { 6 //create frame 7 var frameId = ‘jUploadFrame‘ + id; 8 9 if(window.ActiveXObject) { 10 var io = document.createElement(‘<iframe id="‘ + frameId + ‘" name="‘ + frameId + ‘" />‘); 11 if(typeof uri== ‘boolean‘){ 12 io.src = ‘javascript:false‘; 13 } 14 else if(typeof uri== ‘string‘){ 15 io.src =http://www.mamicode.com/ uri; 16 } 17 } 18 else { 19 var io = document.createElement(‘iframe‘); 20 io.id = frameId; 21 io.name = frameId; 22 } 23 io.style.position = ‘absolute‘; 24 io.style.top = ‘-1000px‘; 25 io.style.left = ‘-1000px‘; 26 27 document.body.appendChild(io); 28 29 return io 30 }, 31 createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId) 32 { 33 //create form 34 var formId = ‘jUploadForm‘ + id; 35 var fileId = ‘jUploadFile‘ + id; 36 var form = $(‘<form action="" method="POST" name="‘ + formId + ‘" id="‘ + formId + ‘" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>‘); 37 var oldElement = $(‘#‘ + fileElementId); 38 var newElement = $(oldElement).clone(); 39 $(oldElement).attr(‘id‘, fileId); 40 $(oldElement).before(newElement); 41 $(oldElement).appendTo(form); 42 //set attributes 43 $(form).css(‘position‘, ‘absolute‘); 44 $(form).css(‘top‘, ‘-1200px‘); 45 $(form).css(‘left‘, ‘-1200px‘); 46 $(form).appendTo(‘body‘); 47 return form; 48 }, 49 addOtherRequestsToForm: function(form,data) 50 { 51 // add extra parameter 52 var originalElement = $(‘<input type="hidden" name="" value="">‘); 53 for (var key in data) { 54 name = key; 55 value =http://www.mamicode.com/ data[key]; 56 var cloneElement = originalElement.clone(); 57 cloneElement.attr({‘name‘:name,‘value‘:value}); 58 $(cloneElement).appendTo(form); 59 } 60 return form; 61 }, 62 63 ajaxFileUpload: function(s) { 64 // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout 65 s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s); 66 var id = new Date().getTime() 67 var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId); 68 if ( s.data ) form = jQuery.addOtherRequestsToForm(form,s.data); 69 var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri); 70 var frameId = ‘jUploadFrame‘ + id; 71 var formId = ‘jUploadForm‘ + id; 72 // Watch for a new set of requests 73 if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ ) 74 { 75 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" ); 76 } 77 var requestDone = false; 78 // Create the request object 79 var xml = {} 80 if ( s.global ) 81 jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]); 82 // Wait for a response to come back 83 var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout) 84 { 85 var io = document.getElementById(frameId); 86 try 87 { 88 if(io.contentWindow) 89 { 90 xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null; 91 xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document; 92 93 }else if(io.contentDocument) 94 { 95 xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null; 96 xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document; 97 } 98 }catch(e) 99 { 100 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 101 } 102 if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout") 103 { 104 requestDone = true; 105 var status; 106 try { 107 status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error"; 108 // Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified 109 if ( status != "error" ) 110 { 111 // process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback) 112 var data =http://www.mamicode.com/ jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType ); 113 // If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data 114 if ( s.success ) 115 s.success( data, status ); 116 117 // Fire the global callback 118 if( s.global ) 119 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] ); 120 } else 121 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status); 122 } catch(e) 123 { 124 status = "error"; 125 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e); 126 } 127 128 // The request was completed 129 if( s.global ) 130 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] ); 131 132 // Handle the global AJAX counter 133 if ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active ) 134 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" ); 135 136 // Process result 137 if ( s.complete ) 138 s.complete(xml, status); 139 140 jQuery(io).unbind() 141 142 setTimeout(function() 143 { try 144 { 145 $(io).remove(); 146 $(form).remove(); 147 148 } catch(e) 149 { 150 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 151 } 152 153 }, 100) 154 155 xml = null 156 157 } 158 } 159 // Timeout checker 160 if ( s.timeout > 0 ) 161 { 162 setTimeout(function(){ 163 // Check to see if the request is still happening 164 if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" ); 165 }, s.timeout); 166 } 167 try 168 { 169 // var io = $(‘#‘ + frameId); 170 var form = $(‘#‘ + formId); 171 $(form).attr(‘action‘, s.url); 172 $(form).attr(‘method‘, ‘POST‘); 173 $(form).attr(‘target‘, frameId); 174 if(form.encoding) 175 { 176 form.encoding = ‘multipart/form-data‘; 177 } 178 else 179 { 180 form.enctype = ‘multipart/form-data‘; 181 } 182 $(form).submit(); 183 184 } catch(e) 185 { 186 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 187 } 188 if(window.attachEvent){ 189 document.getElementById(frameId).attachEvent(‘onload‘, uploadCallback); 190 } 191 else{ 192 document.getElementById(frameId).addEventListener(‘load‘, uploadCallback, false); 193 } 194 return {abort: function () {}}; 195 196 }, 197 198 uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) { 199 var data = http://www.mamicode.com/!type; 200 data = http://www.mamicode.com/type =="xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText; 201 // If the type is "script", eval it in global context 202 if ( type == "script" ) 203 jQuery.globalEval( data ); 204 // Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used. 205 if ( type == "json" ) 206 { 207 // If you add mimetype in your response, 208 // you have to delete the ‘<pre></pre>‘ tag. 209 // The pre tag in Chrome has attribute, so have to use regex to remove 210 var data =http://www.mamicode.com/ r.responseText; 211 var rx = new RegExp("<pre.*?>(.*?)</pre>","i"); 212 var am = rx.exec(data); 213 //this is the desired data extracted 214 var data = http://www.mamicode.com/(am) ? am[1] :""; //the only submatch or empty 215 eval( "data = "http://www.mamicode.com/+ data ); 216 } 217 // evaluate scripts within html 218 if ( type == "html" ) 219 jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts(); 220 //alert($(‘param‘, data).each(function(){alert($(this).attr(‘value‘));})); 221 return data; 222 }, 223 224 handleError: function( s, xhr, status, e ) { 225 // If a local callback was specified, fire it 226 if ( s.error ) { 227 s.error.call( s.context || s, xhr, status, e ); 228 } 229 230 // Fire the global callback 231 if ( s.global ) { 232 (s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger( "ajaxError", [xhr, s, e] ); 233 } 234 } 235 })
服务端(Test.aspx.cs)
在服务端做Excel解析常用的有三种方法:
一是使用微软的开放式数据库接口技术OleDb,建立连接后可像数据库一样操作Excel,但是个人测试发现在网页文件上传成功后,OleDb接口无法读取文件,页面报跨域错误(本机调试通过,发布后报错),但路径却是同源的,一直不知道问题在哪儿,希望有了解的前辈指点指点。
二是使用Com组件方式读取,这种方式也尝试过,读取速度相对来说非常慢,故舍弃。
三是使用第三方的NPOI插件。因为前两种方法依赖于微软的Office环境,所以在使用时需要在服务器上安装Office,而这种方法只要下载并引用dll文件即可,优势明显。并且个人测试效率也很高,使用方便,故采用。
以下为服务端代码:
1 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 2 { 3 HttpFileCollection files = Request.Files; 4 string msg = string.Empty; 5 string error = string.Empty; 6 //string docurl; 7 if (files.Count > 0) 8 { 9 string path = Server.MapPath("~/项目目录/uploadfile/") + Path.GetFileName(files[0].FileName); 10 11 files[0].SaveAs(path); 12 //msg = "成功!文件大小为:" + files[0].ContentLength; 13 14 //解析Excel 15 string excelgrid = ""; 16 using (ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper(path)) 17 { 18 DataTable dt = excelHelper.ExcelToDataTable("MySheet", true); 19 excelgrid = JsonHepler.ToJson(dt); 20 } 21 //string res = "{ error:‘" + error + "‘, msg:‘" + msg + "‘,excelgrid:‘" + excelgrid + "‘}"; 22 Response.Write(excelgrid); 23 Response.End(); 24 } 25 } 26 27 28 [WebMethod] 29 public static string Export2Excel(string RowData) 30 { 31 try 32 { 33 DataTable dt = JsonHepler.JsonToDataTable(RowData); 34 string docname = string.Format("{0:yyyyMMddHHmmssffff}", DateTime.Now) + ".xlsx"; 35 string docurl = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "项目目录\\downloadfile\\" + docname; 36 int count = 0; 37 38 using (ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper(docurl)) 39 { 40 count = excelHelper.DataTableToExcel(dt,"MySheet", true); 41 } 42 43 if (count >= 0) return "{\"result\":\""+ docname + "\"}"; 44 else return "{‘result‘:‘fail‘}"; 45 } 46 catch(Exception) 47 { 48 throw; 49 } 50 }
NPOI为第三方插件,关于NPOI的使用可以参考NPOI读写Excel,文章中也提供了读取/写入的工具类。同时提供NPOI的下载地址,下载后根据.net版本引入dll即可,在此我使用的是4.0,所以引用了 Net40 文件夹中的数个dll。
接下来我们就可以调试发布啦~
JS异步上传Excel 并使用NPOI进行读写操作