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JAVA Collections工具类sort()排序方法

主要分析内容:

一、Collections工具类两种sort()方法

二、示例

 

一、Collections工具类两种sort()方法

格式一: public static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> void sort(List<T> list)

说明:该方法中的泛型<T>都是Comparable接口的子类,即只有是Comparable接口子类类型的数据,才能进行比较排序。如果其他类型的数据要进行比较排序,必须继承Comparable接口并

覆写equals()和compareTo()方法。其中如String类、Integer类都是Comparable接口子类,可以进行排序,而基本类型不能进行sort排序。比较项目在类内指定

 

格式二:public static <T> void sort(List<T> list, Comparator<? super T> c)

说明:该方法中指定比较方式Comparator<? super T> c,即c必须实现Comparator<? super T>接口,覆写compareTo()方法指定比较项目。比较项目在类外指定,比较灵活

 

二、示例

示例中获取字符串和数字的公用方法:

  /**
     * 生成随机 不重复的字符串 : number 生成字符串个数
     */
    public static List<String> generateString(int number) {
        List<String> listString = new ArrayList<>(); // 用于存放返回值
        List<Integer> length = null; // 字符串长度
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); // 中间变量
        int control = 0; // 控制个数
        String[] chars = new String[] { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h",
                "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t",
                "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z", "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5",
                "6", "7", "8", "9", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H",
                "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T",
                "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z" };
        while (true) {
            // 控制结束
            if ( control==number ) {
                break;
            }
            // 生成随机数,生成36位的2aaab761-4341-4968-aceb-3861ee3824b2 UUID类型数据
            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
            sb.setLength(0);
            // 获得随机字符串长度,长度不为0
            do {
                length = getDiffNo(1, 11);
            } while ( length.get(0)==0 );
            // 拼凑字符串
            for (int i=0; i<length.get(0); i++) {
                String str = uuid.substring(i*3, (i*3+3));
                //将str字符串转换为16进制,获得其值
                int x = Integer.parseInt(str, 16);
                //取余:x % 0x3E--0x3E = 3*16 + 14 = 62, 其中chars有62个字符
                sb.append(chars[x % 0x3E]);
            }
            listString.add(sb.toString());
            control++;
        }
        return listString;
    }

    /**
     * 生成随机不重复的数字 :n生成个数  max生成范围
     */
    public static List<Integer> getDiffNo(int n, int max) {
        // 生成 [0-n] 个不重复的随机数
        // list 用来保存这些随机数
        List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
        Random random = new Random();
        Integer k;
        for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
            do {
                k = random.nextInt(max);
            } while (list.contains(k));
            list.add(k);
        }
        return list;
    }

1、对Integer泛型的List进行排序

  /**
     * 1.通过Collections.sort()方法,对Integer泛型的List进行排序;
     * 创建一个Integer泛型的List,插入十个100以内的不重复随机整数, 调用Collections.sort()方法对其进行排序
     * 2.排序规则:先数字后字母,数字0-9,字母A-Z a-z的顺序
     */
    public void listIntegerSort() {
        // 插入十个100以内的不重复随机整数
        List<Integer> integerList = getDiffNo(10, 100);
        System.out.println("-------------排序前--------------");
        for (Integer integer : integerList) {
            System.out.println("元素:" + integer);
        }
        Collections.sort(integerList);
        System.out.println("----------------排序后-------------------");
        for (Integer integer : integerList) {
            System.out.println("元素:" + integer);
        }
    }

2、对String泛型的List进行排序

  /**
     * 1.对String泛型的List进行排序; 创建String泛型的List,添加乱序的String元素,
     * 调用sort方法,再次输出排序后的顺序
     */
    public void listStringSort() {
        List<String> stringList = new ArrayList<String>();
        stringList.add("eipJlcx");
        stringList.add("WvQRufC");
        stringList.add("J");
        stringList.add("HdaU2G");
        stringList.add("M0WswHD3");
        System.out.println("------------排序前-------------");
        for (String string : stringList) {
            System.out.println("元素:" + string);
        }
        Collections.sort(stringList);
        System.out.println("--------------排序后---------------");
        for (String string : stringList) {
            System.out.println("元素:" + string);
        }
    }
  /**
     * 对String泛型的List进行排序,要求随机生成10个的不重复字符串,字符串的长度在10以内
     */
    public void listStringRandomSort() {
        // 生成随机字符串
        List<String> listString = generateString(10);
        System.out.println("--------------排序前---------------");
        for (String integer : listString) {
            System.out.println("元素:" + integer);
        }
        // 排序
        Collections.sort(listString);
        System.out.println("----------------排序后------------------");
        for (String integer : listString) {
            System.out.println("元素:" + integer);
        }
    }

 

 

3、对其他类型泛型的List进行排序

  • Course类实现
/**
 * 课程类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Course {
    public String id;
    public String name;
    public Course(String id, String name) {
        this.id = id ;
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Course() {
    }
    
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (!(obj instanceof Course))
            return false;
        Course other = (Course) obj;
        if (name == null) {
            if (other.name != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
            return false;
        return true;
    }
}

 

  • Student类实现Comparable接口,类内设置比较项
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * 学生类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
    public String id;
    public String name;
    public Set<Course> courses;
    
    public Student(String id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.courses = new HashSet<Course>();
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (!(obj instanceof Student))
            return false;
        Student other = (Student) obj;
        if (name == null) {
            if (other.name != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
            return false;
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student o) { // 设置ID为比较项
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return this.id.compareTo(o.id);
    }
}
  • 实现Comparator接口,类外设置比较项
import java.util.Comparator;
public class StudentComparator implements Comparator<Student> {

    @Override
    public int compare(Student o1, Student o2) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return o1.name.compareTo(o2.name);
    }
}
  • 比较Student类
/**
     * 对其他类型泛型的List进行排序,以Student为例。
     */
    public void listComparatorSort() {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<Student>();
        List<Integer> list = getDiffNo(4, 1000);

        studentList.add(new Student(list.get(0) + "", "Mike"));
        studentList.add(new Student(list.get(1) + "", "Angela"));
        studentList.add(new Student(list.get(2) + "", "Lucy"));
        studentList.add(new Student(1000 + "", "Beyonce"));
        System.out.println("--------------排序前---------------");
        for (Student student : studentList) {
            System.out.println("学生:" + student.id + ":" + student.name);
        }
        // 实现Comparator<T>接口,设置ID比较方式
        Collections.sort(studentList);
        System.out.println("----------------按照ID排序后------------------");
        for (Student student : studentList) {
            System.out.println("学生:" + student.id + ":" + student.name);
        }

        // 实现Comparator<T>接口,设置特定比较方式,以name比较排序
        Collections.sort(studentList, new StudentComparator());
        System.out.println("----------------按照姓名排序后-----------------");
        for (Student student : studentList) {
            System.out.println("学生:" + student.id + ":" + student.name);
        }
    }

 

参考学习连接:

Comparable接口的实现和使用:http://www.cnblogs.com/gnuhpc/archive/2012/12/17/2822251.html

Collections.sort对List排序的两种方法:http://blog.csdn.net/wxx614817/article/details/50628197

JAVA Collections工具类sort()排序方法