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“下载”中“载”的发音应该读几声——计算机学生视角

今天看了一篇“论文”——“下载”的读音和释义

http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=uYI8BqwqNXJJ-E4-b7tHtOm3IF8LlIx1v2ISMuX-0nQkDBhSlf4-ZlUi5yG4OV4pqIg-IY4WkJw9tps3ZPZn_awWW9LQHycx118bEAFaGfG

(百度居然还收费,不让看下去。我是看到doc88,doc88有完整的免费版,链接找不到了)


作者可能是小学语文教师之类的,“援引”了大量“字典”,然后进行了“分析”,来看看都包括什么:

首先,说调查结果,说主持人主播发音各异(字里行间表达着他们发四声的不是),又拿问卷之类的,按人群的发音比例来说事;

然后“引经据典”,还拿来古文字的名头压人,说记载(三声)和装载(四声)是同源的。都是来自于容器(container)。;

然后,“随俗”了一把,说读三声的人多,就应该是三声,还埋怨有些字典没改过来;

最后,凭自己的生活经验——“下载”和“安装”是分开的,否定了有装载(个人觉得这叫load)的含义~!说“下载”只是从网上把东西传过来,不是“安装”,言外之意就是没有装载的意思咯?被windows傻瓜操作毒害的人。


首先,什么是“安装”?“安装”install不过就是把某些文件放在比较方便的位置,再把环境设置一下,在windows下可能还包括“解压缩到目的文件夹”,linux下解压缩是分开的步骤,还有make,最后才install。


好吧,你都提到英文单词了,怎么不说说它的英文释义?“下载”作为舶来品,怎能不说它的原意download?

那么喜欢搜词典,我也去搜一下(没有太好资源,暂时搜到这个free dictionary,有几家字典,里边到底使用了哪家dictionary也有商标注册和rights reserved):


========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================

down·load  (doun′lōd′)

tr.v. down·load·ed, down·load·ing,down·loads
1. To unload: download cargo from a transport aircraft.
2. Computer Science To transfer (data or programs) from a server or host computer to one‘s own computer or device.

The American Heritage? Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ?2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published byHoughton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.


download (?da?n?l??d)
vb
1. (Computer Science) to copy or transfer (data or a program) into the memory of one computer system from a larger one
2. (Broadcasting) to broadcast specialist programmes, for such groups as doctors, outside normal broadcasting hours. They are often recorded on video tapes and viewed later. Compareupload
3. Canadian to delegate or assign (work, responsibilities, costs, etc) to a someone at a lower level of an organization; off-load
n
4. (Computer Science) a file transferred onto a computer from another computer or the internet
?down?loadable adj

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged ? HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003


down?load (?da?n?lo?d)

v.t., v.i.
1. to transfer (software or data) from a computer to a smaller computer or a peripheral device.
n.
2. an act or instance of downloading.
3. downloaded software or data.
[1975–80]
down′load`a?ble, adj.
Random House Kernerman Webster‘s College Dictionary, ? 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

download  (doun′lōd′)
To transfer data or programs from a server or host computer to one‘s own computer or digital device. Compareupload.

The American Heritage? Science Dictionary Copyright ? 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published byHoughton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Thesaurus Legend:  Synonyms Related Words Antonyms
Verb1.download - transfer a file or program from a central computer to a smaller computer or to a computer at a remote location
transfer - move from one place to another; "transfer the data"; "transmit the news"; "transfer the patient to another hospital"
upload - transfer a file or program to a central computer from a smaller computer or a computer at a remote location
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. ? 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================


各家也会有差异吧,虽然有很多“transfer”的含义,但是根据作者“追根溯源”的原则,我找到了个人觉得最贴切最原始的释义:

download (?da?n?l??d) vb

1. (Computer Science) to copy or transfer (data or a program) into the memory of one computer system from a larger one

提到计算机,就得提计算机的起源,就得提到计算机的工作原理,就得提到计算机的内存装载,早期计算机没有这么“透明化”,不像windows和安卓ios这么无脑,各种内存操作都是直接进行,不可能少了这些概念。无论download也好,upload也罢,都在强调一个load~!内存也好,硬盘也罢,都要装进去才算数,什么叫做”拷贝“下来到本机?本机是哪里?你不从计算机知识解读说明,恕我无法认同~!


窃以为,这东西确实应该读四声,为什么三声人多呢,可能平时载发三声的时候就比较多,所以忽略了四声的发音和用法了。更主要的原因,同时也可能是造成大家忽略四声发音的根本原因是——四声发音不顺口,尤其是周围人都说了三声以后有一种刻意纠正感,很累,根据大家都很懒这个事实,就有了这种结果,想想装载机都读成几声了?装载机的本意还有争议么?


说实话,英语也有很多“约定俗成”的发音,这本来就是计算机术语,又是英语,只拿中文字典和生活经验就把事情给定下了,有点无知无畏的感觉。你说随俗也罢,不较真也罢,毕竟现实生活是现实生活,怎么方便怎么来,尤其中国这种“求同存异”的民族。不过,不较真你写什么论文啊???你这不叫学术!!!为了拍“群众”的马屁,把“记载”是“装到纸上”这么牵强的借口都找来了,这,是一种什么精神。是一种恶心自己,成全别人的精神。


建议作者下次发论文就发——装载机的载应该读三声。








“下载”中“载”的发音应该读几声——计算机学生视角