首页 > 代码库 > 条件变量pthread_cond_t怎么用
条件变量pthread_cond_t怎么用
1 #include <pthread.h> 2 #include <stdio.h> 3 #include <stdlib.h> 4 pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;/*初始化互斥锁*/ 5 pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;/*初始化条件变量*/ 6 void *thread1(void *); 7 void *thread2(void *); 8 int i=1; 9 int main(void) 10 { 11 pthread_t t_a; 12 pthread_t t_b; 13 pthread_create(&t_a,NULL,thread1,(void *)NULL);/*创建进程t_a*/ 14 pthread_create(&t_b,NULL,thread2,(void *)NULL); /*创建进程t_b*/ 15 pthread_join(t_a, NULL);/*等待进程t_a结束*/ 16 pthread_join(t_b, NULL);/*等待进程t_b结束*/ 17 pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex); 18 pthread_cond_destroy(&cond); 19 exit(0); 20 } 21 void *thread1(void *junk) 22 { 23 for(i=1;i<=6;i++) 24 { 25 pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);/*锁住互斥量*/ 26 printf("thread1: lock %d/n", __LINE__); 27 if(i%3==0){ 28 printf("thread1:signal 1 %d/n", __LINE__); 29 pthread_cond_signal(&cond);/*条件改变,发送信号,通知t_b进程*/ 30 printf("thread1:signal 2 %d/n", __LINE__); 31 sleep(1); 32 } 33 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);/*解锁互斥量*/ 34 printf("thread1: unlock %d/n/n", __LINE__); 35 sleep(1); 36 } 37 } 38 void *thread2(void *junk) 39 { 40 while(i<6) 41 { 42 pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); 43 printf("thread2: lock %d/n", __LINE__); 44 if(i%3!=0){ 45 printf("thread2: wait 1 %d/n", __LINE__); 46 pthread_cond_wait(&cond,&mutex);/*解锁mutex,并等待cond改变*/ 47 printf("thread2: wait 2 %d/n", __LINE__); 48 } 49 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); 50 printf("thread2: unlock %d/n/n", __LINE__); 51 sleep(1); 52 } 53 }
编译:
[X61@horizon threads]$ gcc thread_cond.c -lpthread -o tcd
以下是程序运行结果:
[X61@horizon threads]$ ./tcd
thread1: lock 30
thread1: unlock 40
thread2: lock 52
thread2: wait 1 55
thread1: lock 30
thread1: unlock 40
thread1: lock 30
thread1:signal 1 33
thread1:signal 2 35
thread1: unlock 40
thread2: wait 2 57
thread2: unlock 61
thread1: lock 30
thread1: unlock 40
thread2: lock 52
thread2: wait 1 55
thread1: lock 30
thread1: unlock 40
thread1: lock 30
thread1:signal 1 33
thread1:signal 2 35
thread1: unlock 40
thread2: wait 2 57
thread2: unlock 61
这里的两个关键函数就在pthread_cond_wait和pthread_cond_signal函数。
本例中:
线程一先执行,获得mutex锁,打印,然后释放mutex锁,然后阻塞自己1秒。
线程二此时和线程一应该是并发的执行 ,这里是一个要点,为什么说是线程此时是并发的执行,因为此时不做任何干涉的话,是没有办法确定是线程一先获得执行还是线程二先获得执行,到底那个线程先获得执行,取决于操作系统的调度,想刻意的让线程2先执行,可以让线程2一出来,先sleep一秒。
这里并发执行的情况是,线程一先进入循环,然后获得锁,此时估计线程二执行,阻塞在
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
这行语句中,直到线程1释放mutex锁
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);/*解锁互斥量*/
然后线程二得已执行,获取metux锁,满足if条件,到pthread_cond_wait (&cond,&mutex);/*等待*/
这里的线程二阻塞,不仅仅是等待cond变量发生改变,同时释放mutex锁 ,因为当时看书没有注意,所以这里卡了很久。
mutex锁释放后,线程1终于获得了mutex锁,得已继续运行,当线程1的if(i%3==0)的条件满足后,通过pthread_cond_signal发送信号,告诉等待cond的变量的线程(这个情景中是线程二),cond条件变量已经发生了改变。
不过此时线程二并没有立即得到运行 ,因为线程二还在等待mutex锁的释放,所以线程一继续往下走,直到线程一释放mutex锁,线程二才能停止等待,打印语句,然后往下走通过pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex)释放mutex锁,进入下一个循环。
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/zclongembedded/article/details/7337729
条件变量pthread_cond_t怎么用