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Linux syslog 系统日志管理
Linux syslog 系统日志管理
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rsyslog记录日志于mysql：
操作如下：
实验环境：CentOS 7 操作系统
前提：
准备好msql server或mariadb server（一定要编辑配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加跳过反向解析等）并启动服务；
实验步骤：
1.安装rsyslog连接至mysql server的驱动模块；
# yum install rsyslog-mysql
2.在mysql server准备rsyslog专用的用户账号；
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 3 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. # 授权数据库Syslog的所有表允许rsyslog用户在本地主机访问，访问密码为134296 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON Syslog.* TO ‘rsyslog‘@‘127.0.0.1‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘134296‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) # 为了安全不被反解，再授权一个使用local的本地主机 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON Syslog.* TO ‘rsyslog‘@‘local‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘134296‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES； Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql; MariaDB [mysql]> SELECT user,host,password FROM user; +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | root | centos7 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | root | 127.0.0.1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | root | ::1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | ultraxuser | 127.0.0.1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | ultraxuser | localhost | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | rsyslog | 127.0.0.1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | # 授权的用户 | rsyslog | local | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> \q Bye
3.生成所需要的数据库和表；
前面已经安装了rsyslog连接至mysql server的驱动模块rsyslog-mysql，查看其配置文件如下：
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ql rsyslog-mysql /usr/lib64/rsyslog/ommysql.so /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-7.4.7/mysql-createDB.sql # 是生成数据库和表的一个脚本文件 [root@centos7 ~]# cat /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-7.4.7/mysql-createDB.sql CREATE DATABASE Syslog; USE Syslog; CREATE TABLE SystemEvents ( ID int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key, CustomerID bigint, ReceivedAt datetime NULL, DeviceReportedTime datetime NULL, Facility smallint NULL, Priority smallint NULL, FromHost varchar(60) NULL, Message text, NTSeverity int NULL, Importance int NULL, EventSource varchar(60), EventUser varchar(60) NULL, EventCategory int NULL, EventID int NULL, EventBinaryData text NULL, MaxAvailable int NULL, CurrUsage int NULL, MinUsage int NULL, MaxUsage int NULL, InfoUnitID int NULL , SysLogTag varchar(60), EventLogType varchar(60), GenericFileName VarChar(60), SystemID int NULL ); CREATE TABLE SystemEventsProperties ( ID int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key, SystemEventID int NULL , ParamName varchar(255) NULL , ParamValue text NULL );
直接把脚本导入数据库中
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -ursyslog -h127.0.0.1 -p134296 < /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-7.4.7/mysql-createDB.sql # 登录数据库查看如下： [root@centos7 ~]# mysql -ursyslog -h127.0.0.1 -p134296 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 7 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | Syslog | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use Syslog; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [Syslog]> show tables; +------------------------+ | Tables_in_Syslog | +------------------------+ | SystemEvents | | SystemEventsProperties | +------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> desc SystemEvents; +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | ID | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | CustomerID | bigint(20) | YES | | NULL | | | ReceivedAt | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | DeviceReportedTime | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | Facility | smallint(6) | YES | | NULL | | | Priority | smallint(6) | YES | | NULL | | | FromHost | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | Message | text | YES | | NULL | | | NTSeverity | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Importance | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | EventSource | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | EventUser | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | EventCategory | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | EventID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | EventBinaryData | text | YES | | NULL | | | MaxAvailable | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | CurrUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | MinUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | MaxUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | InfoUnitID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | SysLogTag | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | EventLogType | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | GenericFileName | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | SystemID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 24 rows in set (0.01 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> Ctrl-C -- exit! Aborted
4.配置rsyslog使用ommysql模块
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf #### MODULES #### ...... $ModLoad ommysql
5.配置RULES，将所期望的日志信息记录于mysql中；
facility.priority :ommysql:DBHOST,DB,DBUSER,DBUSERPASS
6.重启rsyslog服务；登录数据库查看如下
# systemctl start rsyslog # 重启服务 [root@centos7 ~]# mysql -ursyslog -h127.0.0.1 -p134296 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 9 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> use Syslog; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [Syslog]> select * from SystemEvents\G； *************************** 11. row *************************** ID: 11 CustomerID: NULL ReceivedAt: 2016-10-20 16:00:01 DeviceReportedTime: 2016-10-20 16:00:01 Facility: 9 Priority: 6 FromHost: centos7 Message: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1) NTSeverity: NULL Importance: NULL EventSource: NULL EventUser: NULL EventCategory: NULL EventID: NULL EventBinaryData: NULL MaxAvailable: NULL CurrUsage: NULL MinUsage: NULL MaxUsage: NULL InfoUnitID: 1 SysLogTag: CROND[3521]: EventLogType: NULL GenericFileName: NULL SystemID: NULL 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
7.loganalyzer图形化工具
WebGUI, 运行amp环境中；
1）获取loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz
lftp 10.1.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/loganalyzer> ls -rwxr--r-- 1 500 500 1046600 Aug 24 2013 loganalyzer-3.6.4.tar.gz -rwxr--r-- 1 500 500 1046957 Aug 19 2014 loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz lftp 10.1.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/loganalyzer> mget loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz 1046957 bytes transferred lftp 10.1.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/loganalyzer> bye [root@centos7 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg bin Templates Desktop Documents loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz Pictures Videos Downloads Music Public [root@centos7 ~]# tar xf loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz # 解压缩 [root@centos7 ~]# cd loganalyzer-3.6.5/ [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# admin bbs drupal-7.28 lastlog.txt messages.txt phpinfo.php phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages php-mysql.php pma src text.html # 只复制src目录到/var/www/html/中，并命名为loganalyzer-3.6.5 [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cp -a src/ /var/www/html/loganalyzer-3.6.5 [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cd /var/www/html/ [root@centos7 html]# ln -sv loganalyzer-3.6.5/ log # 创建软链接 ‘log’ -> ‘loganalyzer-3.6.5/’ [root@centos7 html]# ll total 432 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 38 Oct 14 12:51 admin drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Jun 9 2015 bbs drwxr-xr-x 9 6226 6226 4096 May 8 2014 drupal-7.28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 585460 Oct 10 22:08 lastlog.txt lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 20 16:27 log -> loganalyzer-3.6.5/ # 链接文件 drwxrwxr-x 14 root root 4096 Oct 9 2013 loganalyzer-3.6.5 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 329712 Oct 11 09:19 messages.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Oct 11 22:03 phpinfo.php drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Oct 13 11:05 phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 125 Oct 12 22:27 php-mysql.php lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Oct 13 10:54 pma -> phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages/ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 139 Oct 8 17:00 text.html # 到原来的目录中找到contrib目录，这里面有两个脚本，可以帮助我们配置源码。 [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# ls contrib/ configure.sh secure.sh [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cp contrib/* /var/www/html/log/ # 复制过去 [root@centos7 log]# cat configure.sh # 从安装步骤中得知要先执行此脚本 #!/bin/sh touch config.php chmod 666 config.php [root@centos7 log]# cat secure.sh #!/bin/sh chmod 644 config.php # 安装完成之后执行此脚本 [root@centos7 log]# touch config.php # 因为太简单所以，自己手动修改即可 [root@centos7 log]# chmod 666 config.php
2）准备amp环境，这里以httpd+php为模块的方式
3）安装配置如下图
注意：这里localhost应该改为127.0.0.1 编辑配置文件config.php即可
安装php-gd可以显示柱状图
步骤总结如下：
Linux syslog 系统日志管理
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