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BeanFactory和FactoryBean
BeanFactory
BeanFactory是Spring的IOC容器的接口,用于获取Java对象。
ApplicationContext接口也间接扩展了BeanFactory接口,是BeanFactory接口的子接口,继承树如下所示:
BeanFactory ↑ ↑ ListableBeanFactory HierarchicalBeanFactory ↑ ↑ ApplicationContext |
BeanFactory的代码如下:
package org.springframework.beans.factory; import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; public interface BeanFactory { String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX = "&"; Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException; <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException; <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException; Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException; boolean containsBean(String name); boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException; boolean isPrototype(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException; boolean isTypeMatch(String name, Class<?> targetType) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException; Class<?> getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException; String[] getAliases(String name); } |
FactoryBean
FactoryBean也是接口,用于辅助Spring生成构造过程比较复杂的Java对象。
FactoryBean接口的代码如下所示:
package org.springframework.beans.factory; public abstract interface FactoryBean<T> { public abstract T getObject() throws Exception; public abstract Class<?> getObjectType(); public abstract boolean isSingleton(); } |
例如,有需求如下所述,用Spring配置生成Job类的实例,Job类有个属性叫做workday,生成Job类实例的时候需要给该属性赋值为“当前日期的上一个工作日”。显然,想要计算出“当前日期的上一个工作日”不是个简单的事情,用Spring配置很难实现。这时候FactoryBean就派上用场了。
假设Job类的代码如下:
package test.bean; import java.util.Date; public class Job { private Date workday; public Job() {} public Date getWorkday() { return workday; } public void setWorkday(Date workday) { this.workday = workday; } } |
用于构建Job类实例的FactoryBean如下:
package test.bean; import java.util.Date; import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean; public class JobFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Job> { public Job getObject() throws Exception { Job job = new Job(); Date workday = null; // TODO 计算出当前日期的上一个工作日,计算过程省略。。。 job.setWorkday(workday); return job; } public Class<?> getObjectType() { return Job.class; } public boolean isSingleton() { return false; } } |
需要在applicationContext.xml中把这个JobFactoryBean配置进去:
<bean id="job" class="test.bean.JobFactoryBean"></bean> |
最后,写代码做个测试:
public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/applicationContext.xml"); Job job = (Job) ctx.getBean("job"); System.out.println(job.getWorkday()); } |
注意,上面的代码获得的bean是由JobFactoryBean对象创建出来的Job对象,如果要想通过Spring来获得JobFactoryBean的对象,需要修改一下代码:
把ctx.getBean("job")改成ctx.getBean("&job")。
这样返回的对象就是JobFactoryBean这个类的对象了。