https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/全局唯一标识分区表

GUID Partition Table (GPT) is a standard for the layout of the partition table on a physical storage device, such as a hard disk drive or solid-state drive, using globally unique identifiers (GUID). Although it forms a part of the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) standard (Unified EFI Forum proposed replacement for the PC BIOS), it is also used on some BIOS systems because of the limitations of master boot record (MBR) partition tables, which use 32 bits for storing logical block addresses (LBA) and size information on a traditionally 512 byte disk sector.

全局唯一标识分区表（GUID Partition Table，缩写：GPT）是一个实体硬盘的分区表的结构布局的标准。它是可扩展固件接口（EFI）标准（被Intel用于替代个人计算机的BIOS）的一部分，被用于替代BIOS系统中的一32bits来存储逻辑块地址和大小信息的主引导记录（MBR）分区表。对于那些扇区为512字节的磁盘，MBR分区表不支持容量大于2.2TB（2.2×10¹²字节）^[1]的分区，然而，一些硬盘制造商（诸如希捷和西部数据）注意到这个局限性，并且将他们的容量较大的磁盘升级到4KB的扇区，这意味着MBR的有效容量上限提升到16 TiB。

GUID Partition Table (GPT)