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MVC客户端使用 Mustache.js把json数据填充到模版中

使用Mustache的好处是:可以把一些反复用到的html部分定义成Mustache模版,以便多次使用。使用Mustache的大致步骤是:

→从后台拿到json数据
→获取前台页面预先定义好Mustache模版(占位符必须和从后台传来的的字段或属性名一致)
→遍历每行的json数据,使用Mustache.render(template, row)方法把json数据填充到对应的占位符,得到html内容
→把html内容追加到页面的某个位置

 

显示一个足球俱乐部的下拉框:
1

 

当点击下拉框,显示该俱乐部的球员:
2

 

创建一个ClubModel.edmx模型,Team和Player是1对多关系:
3

 

把模型中的数据更新到数据库,并在数据库中添加一些数据:
4

 

创建与Team对应的ViewModel为TeamVm。

using System.Web.Mvc;
 
namespace MvcApplication1.Models.ViewModels
{
    public class TeamVm
    {
        public TeamVm()
        {
            Players = new List<SelectListItem>();
        }
        [Display(Name = "俱乐部")]
        public int ID { get; set; }       
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> Players { get; set; }
    }
}
 
<style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }</style>

 

创建与Plyer对应的ViewModel为PlayerVm。

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
 
namespace MvcApplication1.Models.ViewModels
{
    public class PlayerVm
    {
        [Display(Name = "球员")]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        [Display(Name = "位置")]
        public string Position { get; set; }
    }
}
 
<style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }</style>

 

HomeController部分2个控制器方法,一个显示下拉框,一个响应下拉框的change事件。

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using MvcApplication1.Models;
using MvcApplication1.Models.ViewModels;
 
namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        //把Team显示到下拉框中
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var teamVm = new TeamVm();
            using (var context = new ClubModelContainer())
            {
                var teams = context.Team.ToList();
                teamVm.Players = teams.Select(t => new SelectListItem()
                {
                    Text = t.Name,
                    Value = http://www.mamicode.com/t.ID.ToString()
                });
            }
            return View(teamVm);
        }
 
        //响应下拉框
        public JsonResult PlayersByTeamID(int id)
        {
            IEnumerable<PlayerVm> playersVmList = new List<PlayerVm>(); 
            using (var context = new ClubModelContainer())
            {
                var players = context.Player.Where(x => x.TeamID == id).ToList();
                playersVmList = players.Select(p => new PlayerVm()
                {
                    Name = p.Name,
                    Position = p.Position
                });
            }
            return Json(playersVmList, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
        }
 
    }
}
 
<style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }</style>

 

Home/Index.cshtml视图部分:

● 定义Mustache模版,占位符与json数据一致。
● 下拉框触发change事件,获取后台返回的json数据,填充到Mustache模版模版,并把html内容追加到页面。

 

@model MvcApplication1.Models.ViewModels.TeamVm
 
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}
 
<div>
    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.ID)
    @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.ID, Model.Players)
</div>
<div id="playersDiv">
    
</div>
 
@section scripts
{
    <script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"~/Scripts/mustache.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function() {
            $(‘#ID‘).change(function() {
                var id = $(‘#ID‘).val();
                var playersDiv = $(‘#playersDiv‘);
                $.ajax({
                    cache: false,
                    type: "GET",
                    url: "@Url.Action("PlayersByTeamID","Home")",
                    data: { "id": id },
                    success: function (data) {
                        var result = "";
                        playersDiv.html(‘‘);
                        $.each(data, function (index, row) {
                            var template = $(‘#players‘).html(); //获取模版的html
                            var bookData = http://www.mamicode.com/Mustache.render(template, row);//把每行的数据填充到模版得到html内容
                            playersDiv.append(bookData);
                        });
 
                    },
                    error: function (xhr, ajaxOptions, thrownError) {
                        alert(‘加载失败‘);
                    }
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
    <script type="text/template" id="players">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>球员:</td>
                <td>{{Name}}</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>位置:</td>
                <td>{{Position}}</td>
            </tr>
        </table>
        <hr />
    </script>
}
 
 
 
<style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }</style>