升级linux内核(2.6.32->3.10.81)，安装docker

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升级linux内核(2.6.32->3.10.81)，安装docker

2024-08-13 02:58:33 222人阅读

1.内核升级环境准备

#查看已经安装的和未安装的软件包组，来判断我们是否安装了相应的开发环境和开发库； yum grouplist #一般是安装这两个软件包组，这样做会确定你拥有编译时所需的一切工具 yum groupinstall "Development Tools" #你必须这样才能让 make *config 这个指令正确地执行 yum install ncurses-devel #如果你没有 X 环境，这一条可以不用 yum install qt-devel #创建 CentOS-6 内核时需要它们 yum install hmaccalc zlib-devel binutils-devel elfutils-libelf-devel

2.开始升级内核：

 cd /usr/src/linux-3.10.81 #复制原内核配置  cp /boot/config-2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64 .config  vim .config /*将如下内容 追加入.config 并保存    CONFIG_NF_NAT_IPV4=y    CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE=y    CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_ADDRTYPE=y    CONFIG_MEMCG_SWAP=y    CONFIG_MEMCG_SWAP_ENABLED=y    CONFIG_AUFS_FS=y    CONFIG_DM_THIN_PROVISIONING=y    CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS=y    CONFIG_CGROUP_PERF=y    CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH=y    HYPERVISOR_GUEST=y    CONFIG_VMWARE_BALLOON=m */ #编辑内核配置，开启内核CGROUP支持 make menuconfig #选择General setup-->Control Group support->Memory Resource Controller for Control Groups选中 #自动整理.config sh -c ‘yes "" | make oldconfig‘ #编译并安装内核(j8代表8个线程同时编译，请根据你的机器情况设置） make -j8 bzImage && make -j8 modules && make -j8 modules_install && make install vim /etc/grub.conf  修改default=0保存。即选择从你新编译的内核启动linux。 #重启 reboot  #注意：重新编译内核请运行 cd /usr/src/linux-3.10.81 make mrproper make clean

3.安装docker

#启动后uname -r返回3.10.81表示内核安装并启动成功#rehl的docker安装说明https://docs.docker.com/installation/rhel/#如下是安装说明的简化：#a.下载docker的rpmwget https://get.docker.com/rpm/1.7.0/centos-6/RPMS/x86_64/docker-engine-1.7.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm#本地安装rpm包 sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck docker-engine-1.7.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm#启动docker服务sudo service docker start 这里等价于docker -d #如果要追加参数请修改/etc/sysconfig/docker 这个文件 如：加入other_args=" -s vfs"-s 是指定使用的文件系统，默认是devicemapper 也可以是vfs 或aufs(ubuntu的）我的在这里使用默认的devicemapper没有启动成功。请看FAQ##运行docker的最简镜像docker run hello-world#docker image/ps/search/pull 等等正常就成功了#登入容器docker exec -ti 26723dc2509a /bin/bash

4.FAQ有两个问题还没有解决

ERRO[0000] [graphdriver] prior storage driver "devicemapper" failed: exit status 1FATA[0000] Error starting daemon: error initializing graphdriver: exit status 1出现上述错误有如下解决办法！*1. yum upgrade device-mapper-libs 再次启动看是否可以2. 使用另一种文件系统试一下如：docker -d -s vfs 默认是devicemapper系统 还可以使用aufs3.#至此如果还是没有启动docker-daemon守护服务，那就用下面的方法把docker版本降低试下*。*并在/etc/yum.repos.d/hop5.repo中添加yum源内容*[hop5]                                             name=www.hop5.in Centos Repository                 baseurl=http://www.hop5.in/yum/el6/                gpgcheck=0                                         gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-HOP5    保存并更新cacheyum makecache安装docker-ioyum install docker-io再次运行docker -d 成功！**上面第3步，启动docker-daemon不成功，可能是我的线上机器是虚拟机的问题所以加上 -s vfs 就启动成功了。**##宿主机不能正常ping容器的ip注意宿主（host)的iptables设置。##ip netns “Object "netns" is unknown, try "ip help".\n‘”报错错误 请安装如下包:wget https://repos.fedorapeople.org/openstack/EOL/openstack-grizzly/epel-6/iproute-2.6.32-130.el6ost.netns.2.x86_64.rpm

5.安装aufs文件系统

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
wget http://www.hop5.in/yum/el6/hop5.repo
yum install kernel-ml-aufs
docker -d -s aufs #使用aufs文件系统启动docker服务

快速安装方法

sudo yum install -y http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-libs-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-event-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/6/x86_64/docker-io-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

更多参考：http://dirlt.com/docker.html

示例：
启动容器：docker run -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c “while true; do echo hello world; sleep 2; done”
容器里执行：docker exec ubuntu /bin/sh -c “ls /;”

更简单的升级内核方法，经测试成功！这里通过yum快速升级CentOS 6.x内核到3.10：# rpm -ivh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-5.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt -y在grub.conf中确认装好的内核在哪个位置：# vi /etc/grub.confdefault=0重启系统，后查看内核信息：# uname -r3.10.65-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64

检查docker依赖环境的脚本check-config.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bashset -e# bits of this were adapted from lxc-checkconfig# see also https://github.com/lxc/lxc/blob/lxc-1.0.2/src/lxc/lxc-checkconfig.inpossibleConfigs=(    ‘/proc/config.gz‘    "/boot/config-$(uname -r)"    "/usr/src/linux-$(uname -r)/.config"    ‘/usr/src/linux/.config‘)if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then    CONFIG="$1"else    : ${CONFIG:="${possibleConfigs[0]}"}fiif ! command -v zgrep &> /dev/null; then    zgrep() {        zcat "$2" | grep "$1"    }fiis_set() {    zgrep "CONFIG_$1=[y|m]" "$CONFIG" > /dev/null}# see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#Colorsdeclare -A colors=(    [black]=30    [red]=31    [green]=32    [yellow]=33    [blue]=34    [magenta]=35    [cyan]=36    [white]=37)color() {    color=()    if [ "$1" = ‘bold‘ ]; then        color+=( ‘1‘ )        shift    fi    if [ $# -gt 0 ] && [ "${colors[$1]}" ]; then        color+=( "${colors[$1]}" )    fi    local IFS=‘;‘    echo -en ‘\033[‘"${color[*]}"m}wrap_color() {    text="$1"    shift    color "$@"    echo -n "$text"    color reset    echo}wrap_good() {    echo "$(wrap_color "$1" white): $(wrap_color "$2" green)"}wrap_bad() {    echo "$(wrap_color "$1" bold): $(wrap_color "$2" bold red)"}wrap_warning() {    wrap_color >&2 "$*" red}check_flag() {    if is_set "$1"; then        wrap_good "CONFIG_$1" ‘enabled‘    else        wrap_bad "CONFIG_$1" ‘missing‘    fi}check_flags() {    for flag in "$@"; do        echo "- $(check_flag "$flag")"    done}if [ ! -e "$CONFIG" ]; then    wrap_warning "warning: $CONFIG does not exist, searching other paths for kernel config..."    for tryConfig in "${possibleConfigs[@]}"; do        if [ -e "$tryConfig" ]; then            CONFIG="$tryConfig"            break        fi    done    if [ ! -e "$CONFIG" ]; then        wrap_warning "error: cannot find kernel config"        wrap_warning "  try running this script again, specifying the kernel config:"        wrap_warning "    CONFIG=/path/to/kernel/.config $0 or $0 /path/to/kernel/.config"        exit 1    fifiwrap_color "info: reading kernel config from $CONFIG ..." whiteechoecho ‘Generally Necessary:‘echo -n ‘- ‘cgroupSubsystemDir="$(awk ‘/[, ](cpu|cpuacct|cpuset|devices|freezer|memory)[, ]/ && $3 == "cgroup" { print $2 }‘ /proc/mounts | head -n1)"cgroupDir="$(dirname "$cgroupSubsystemDir")"if [ -d "$cgroupDir/cpu" -o -d "$cgroupDir/cpuacct" -o -d "$cgroupDir/cpuset" -o -d "$cgroupDir/devices" -o -d "$cgroupDir/freezer" -o -d "$cgroupDir/memory" ]; then    echo "$(wrap_good ‘cgroup hierarchy‘ ‘properly mounted‘) [$cgroupDir]"else    if [ "$cgroupSubsystemDir" ]; then        echo "$(wrap_bad ‘cgroup hierarchy‘ ‘single mountpoint!‘) [$cgroupSubsystemDir]"    else        echo "$(wrap_bad ‘cgroup hierarchy‘ ‘nonexistent??‘)"    fi    echo "    $(wrap_color ‘(see https://github.com/tianon/cgroupfs-mount)‘ yellow)"fiif [ "$(cat /sys/module/apparmor/parameters/enabled 2>/dev/null)" = ‘Y‘ ]; then    echo -n ‘- ‘    if command -v apparmor_parser &> /dev/null; then        echo "$(wrap_good ‘apparmor‘ ‘enabled and tools installed‘)"    else        echo "$(wrap_bad ‘apparmor‘ ‘enabled, but apparmor_parser missing‘)"        echo -n ‘    ‘        if command -v apt-get &> /dev/null; then            echo "$(wrap_color ‘(use "apt-get install apparmor" to fix this)‘)"        elif command -v yum &> /dev/null; then            echo "$(wrap_color ‘(your best bet is "yum install apparmor-parser")‘)"        else            echo "$(wrap_color ‘(look for an "apparmor" package for your distribution)‘)"        fi    fififlags=(    NAMESPACES {NET,PID,IPC,UTS}_NS    DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES    CGROUPS CGROUP_CPUACCT CGROUP_DEVICE CGROUP_FREEZER CGROUP_SCHED CPUSETS    MACVLAN VETH BRIDGE    NF_NAT_IPV4 IP_NF_FILTER IP_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE    NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_{ADDRTYPE,CONNTRACK}    NF_NAT NF_NAT_NEEDED    # required for bind-mounting /dev/mqueue into containers    POSIX_MQUEUE)check_flags "${flags[@]}"echoecho ‘Optional Features:‘{    check_flags MEMCG_SWAP    check_flags MEMCG_SWAP_ENABLED    if  is_set MEMCG_SWAP && ! is_set MEMCG_SWAP_ENABLED; then        echo "    $(wrap_color ‘(note that cgroup swap accounting is not enabled in your kernel config, you can enable it by setting boot option "swapaccount=1")‘ bold black)"    fi}flags=(    RESOURCE_COUNTERS    CGROUP_PERF    CFS_BANDWIDTH)check_flags "${flags[@]}"echo ‘- Storage Drivers:‘{    echo ‘- "‘$(wrap_color ‘aufs‘ blue)‘":‘    check_flags AUFS_FS | sed ‘s/^/  /‘    if ! is_set AUFS_FS && grep -q aufs /proc/filesystems; then        echo "    $(wrap_color ‘(note that some kernels include AUFS patches but not the AUFS_FS flag)‘ bold black)"    fi    check_flags EXT4_FS_POSIX_ACL EXT4_FS_SECURITY | sed ‘s/^/  /‘    echo ‘- "‘$(wrap_color ‘btrfs‘ blue)‘":‘    check_flags BTRFS_FS | sed ‘s/^/  /‘    echo ‘- "‘$(wrap_color ‘devicemapper‘ blue)‘":‘    check_flags BLK_DEV_DM DM_THIN_PROVISIONING EXT4_FS EXT4_FS_POSIX_ACL EXT4_FS_SECURITY | sed ‘s/^/  /‘    echo ‘- "‘$(wrap_color ‘overlay‘ blue)‘":‘    check_flags OVERLAY_FS EXT4_FS_SECURITY EXT4_FS_POSIX_ACL | sed ‘s/^/  /‘} | sed ‘s/^/  /‘echo#echo ‘Potential Future Features:‘#check_flags USER_NS#echo

升级linux内核(2.6.32->3.10.81)，安装docker

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