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asp.net identity 学习1
前段时间在用ABP的登陆功能时接触到了identity,总是不太懂User和Role等，想直接了解一下Asp.Net Identity
参考了一些园子里的资料
MVC5 - ASP.NET Identity登录原理 - Claims-based认证和OWIN
还有张善友大大的资料传送门
跟着大手的思路写了点代码，虽然还不是很明白，但也快有思路了~
新建的MVC5项目里面已经内置了identity,有User的管理功能，可以登录，但是角色管理需要我们去写，今天完成的也就是在MVC中对角色的管理
首先，新建一个MVC5项目，若启用角色管理，需要在web.config中配置，如下所示:
<system.web> <roleManager enabled="true"/><!--添加--> <authentication mode="None" /> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.6.1" /> <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.6.1" /> <httpModules> <add name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" type="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web" /> </httpModules> </system.web>
在App_Start中的IdentityConfig.cs文件中添加RoleManager
public class ApplicationRoleManager : RoleManager<IdentityRole> { public ApplicationRoleManager(IRoleStore<IdentityRole, string> roleStore):base(roleStore) { } public static ApplicationRoleManager Create(IdentityFactoryOptions<ApplicationRoleManager> options,IOwinContext context) { return new ApplicationRoleManager(new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context.Get<ApplicationDbContext>())); } }
在Startup.Auth.cs中的ConfigureAuth方法添加角色管理器
app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationRoleManager>(ApplicationRoleManager.Create);
这样就启用了角色的管理。
可以在项目初始化的时候添加默认的管理员角色，在IdentityModels中有ApplicationDbContext的定义，可以在下面添加类
public class ApplicationDbInitializer : DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<ApplicationDbContext> { protected override void Seed(ApplicationDbContext context) { InitializeIdentityForEF(context); base.Seed(context); } public static void InitializeIdentityForEF(ApplicationDbContext context) { var userManager = HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>(); var roleManager = HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext().Get<ApplicationRoleManager>(); const string name = "admin@123.com"; const string password = "Admin@123.com"; const string rolename = "Admin"; var role = roleManager.FindByName(rolename); if (role == null) { role = new IdentityRole(rolename); var roleresult = roleManager.Create(role); } var user = userManager.FindByName(name); if (user == null) { user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = name, Email = name }; var result = userManager.Create(user, password); result = userManager.SetLockoutEnabled(user.Id, false); } var userRole = userManager.GetRoles(user.Id); if (!userRole.Contains(role.Name)) { var result = userManager.AddToRole(user.Id, role.Name); } } }
在ApplicationDbContext中添加静态构造函数（静态构造函数会先执行）
static ApplicationDbContext() { Database.SetInitializer<ApplicationDbContext>(new ApplicationDbInitializer()); }
这样会在初次执行数据库任务时，创建Admin的角色~
接着在项目中添加实现角色管理的控制器和页面
在Model中添加AdminViewModels
public class AdminViewModels { public class RoleViewModel { public string Id { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings =false)] [Display(Name="角色名称")] public string Name { get; set; } } public class EditUserViewModel { public string Id { get; set; } [Required(AllowEmptyStrings =false)] [Display(Name ="电子邮件")] [EmailAddress] public string Email { get; set; } public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> RolesList { get; set; } } }
在Controller中添加RolesAdminController，在类中添加代码
private ApplicationUserManager _userManager; public ApplicationUserManager UserManager { get { return _userManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>(); } set { _userManager = value; } } private ApplicationRoleManager _roleManager; public ApplicationRoleManager RoleManager { get { return _roleManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Get<ApplicationRoleManager>(); } private set { _roleManager = value; } } public RolesAdminController(ApplicationUserManager userManager, ApplicationRoleManager roleManager) { UserManager = userManager; RoleManager = roleManager; }
默认的Index页面用来显示角色列表，修改Index的action，如下所示
return View(RoleManager.Roles);接着添加CRUD代码
Create页面的action
public ActionResult Create() { return View(); }
实现添加角色的action
[HttpPost] public async Task<ActionResult> Create(RoleViewModel roleViewModel) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { var role = new IdentityRole(roleViewModel.Name); var roleResult = await RoleManager.CreateAsync(role); if (!roleResult.Succeeded) { ModelState.AddModelError("", roleResult.Errors.First()); return View(); } return RedirectToAction("Index"); } return View(); }
Details页面的action
public async Task<ActionResult> Details(string id) { if (id == null) return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); var role = await RoleManager.FindByIdAsync(id); var users = new List<ApplicationUser>(); foreach (var item in UserManager.Users.ToList()) { if (await UserManager.IsInRoleAsync(item.Id, role.Name)) { users.Add(item); } } ViewBag.Users = users; ViewBag.UserCount = users.Count; return View(role); }
Edit页面的action
public async Task<ActionResult> Edit(string id) { if (id == null) return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); var role = await RoleManager.FindByIdAsync(id); if (role == null) return HttpNotFound(); RoleViewModel roleModel = new RoleViewModel { Id = role.Id, Name = role.Name }; return View(roleModel); }
实现Edit的action
[HttpPost] [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] public async Task<ActionResult> Edit([Bind(Include = "Name,Id")]RoleViewModel roleModel) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { var role = await RoleManager.FindByIdAsync(roleModel.Id); role.Name = roleModel.Name; await RoleManager.UpdateAsync(role); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } return View(); }
Delete的页面
public async Task<ActionResult> Delete(string id) { if (id == null) return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); var role = await RoleManager.FindByIdAsync(id); if (role == null) return HttpNotFound(); return View(role); }
实现Delete的action
[HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")] [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] public async Task<ActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(string id, string deleteUser) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { if (id == null) return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); var role = await RoleManager.FindByIdAsync(id); if (role == null) return HttpNotFound(); IdentityResult result; if (deleteUser != null) result = await RoleManager.DeleteAsync(role); else result = await RoleManager.DeleteAsync(role); if (!result.Succeeded) { ModelState.AddModelError("", result.Errors.First()); return View(); } return RedirectToAction("Index"); } return View(); }
接着添加CRUD的页面
Index页面如下所示
@model IEnumerable<Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.IdentityRole>@{ ViewBag.Title = "Index";}<h2>角色列表</h2><p> @Html.ActionLink("新建角色","Create")</p><table class="table"> <tr> <th> @Html.Label("角色名称") </th> <th></th> </tr> @foreach (var item in Model) { <tr> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem=>item.Name) </td> <td> @Html.ActionLink("编辑角色","Edit",new { id=item.Id}) @Html.ActionLink("角色详情","Details",new { id=item.Id}) @Html.ActionLink("删除角色","Delete",new { id=item.Id}) </td> </tr> }</table>
Create页面如下所示
@model IdentityLearning_01 .Models.AdminViewModels.RoleViewModel@{ ViewBag.Title = "Create";}<h2>创建角色</h2>@using (Html.BeginForm()){ @Html.AntiForgeryToken() <div class="form-horizontal"> <h4>创建角色</h4> <hr/> @Html.ValidationSummary(true) <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(model=>model.Name,new { @class="control-label col-md-2"}) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.TextBoxFor(model=>model.Name,new {@class="form-control" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model=>model.Name) </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10"> <input type="submit" value="创建角色" class="btn btn-default"/> </div> </div> </div>}<div > @Html.ActionLink("返回角色列表","Index")</div>@section Scripts{ @Scripts.Render("~bundles/jqueryval") }
Detail的页面如下所示
@model Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.IdentityRole@{ ViewBag.Title = "Details";}<h2>角色详情</h2><div > <h4>角色用户</h4> <hr/> <dl class="dl-horizontal"> <dt> @Html.Label("目前所属角色：") </dt> <dd> @Html.DisplayFor(model=>model.Name) </dd> </dl></div><h4>目前在该角色内的用户清单</h4>@if (ViewBag.UserCount == 0){ <hr/> <p>该角色内暂时没有用户</p>}<table class="table"> @foreach (var item in ViewBag.Users) { <tr> <td>@item.UserName</td> </tr> }</table><p> @Html.ActionLink("编辑角色","Edit",new { id=Model.Id}) @Html.ActionLink("返回角色列表","Index")</p>
Edit的页面如下所示
@model IdentityLearning_01.Models.AdminViewModels.RoleViewModel@{ ViewBag.Title = "Edit";}<h2>编辑角色</h2>@using (Html.BeginForm()){ @Html.AntiForgeryToken() <div class="form-horizontal"> <h4>角色修改</h4> <hr/> @Html.ValidationSummary(true) @Html.HiddenFor(model=>model.Id) <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(model=>model.Name,new { @class="control-label col-md-2"}) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.TextBoxFor(model=>model.Name,new {@class="form-control"}) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model=>model.Name) </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10"> <input type="submit" value="保存修改" class="btn btn-default"/> </div> </div>}<div> @Html.ActionLink("返回角色列表","Index")</div>@section Scripts{ @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")}
Delete的页面如下所示
@model Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.IdentityRole@{ ViewBag.Title = "DeleteConfirmed";}<h2>删除角色</h2><h3>你确认要删除此角色??</h3><p>该操作只能删除角色，但不能删除角色内的用户</p><div> <h4>Role</h4> <hr /> <dl class="dl-horizontal"> <dt> @Html.Label("将要删除的角色名称") </dt> <dd> @Html.DisplayFor(model=>model.Name) </dd> </dl> @using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.AntiForgeryToken() <div class="form-actions no-color"> <input type="submit" value="删除角色" class="btn btn-default" /> @Html.ActionLink("返回角色列表","Index") </div> }</div>
运行项目，可以在浏览器中查看~/RolesAdmin/index显示角色列表
至此结束~还需要继续学习~
asp.net identity 学习1
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