Docker容器固定IP分配

我们在使用docker run创建Docker容器时，可以用--net选项指定容器的网络模式，Docker有以下4种网络模式：

1. host模式，使用--net=host指定。

2. container模式，使用--net=container:NAME_or_ID指定。

3. none模式，使用--net=none指定。

4. bridge模式，使用--net=bridge指定，默认设置。

默认选择bridge的情况下，容器启动后会通过DHCP获取一个地址，这可能不是我们想要的，本文介绍在ubuntu docker环境下使用pipework脚本对容器分配固定IP。

Pipework是由Docker的一个工程师设计的解决方案，它让容器能够在“任意复杂的场景”下进行连接。Pipework是Docker的一个网络功能增强插件，它使用了cgroups和namespacpace。

但是容器停止后在启动ip就的重新指定。

# step1: install  plug
wget https://github.com/jpetazzo/pipework/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
cp pipework-master/pipework  /usr/local/bin/
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/pipework 

# step2:  get bridge name and set other contains
brctl show |awk ‘NR==2{print $1}‘
#brctl show #detail

# step3:  example set fixed ip 
pipework docker0 test1 172.17.0.20/24@172.17.0.1
# |        |      |         |      | |   |_________  docker 容器镜像内的gateway （以后可以划分vlan）
# |        |      |         |      | |    
# |        |      |         |      | |_____________  固定字符
# |        |      |         |      | 
# |        |      |         |      |_______________  docker 容器ip的子网
# |        |      |         |    
# |        |      |         |______________________  docker 容器内网IP
# |        |      |       
# |        |      |________________________________  docker 容器的名字
# |        |      
# |        |_______________________________________  网桥的name
# |        
# |________________________________________________  固有命令
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 16.10 \n \l
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# docker images |grep centos
centos                                          latest              a8493f5f50ff        2 weeks ago         192 MB
jdeathe/centos-ssh                              latest              841c208badec        2 months ago        214 MB
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# docker run -idt  --net=none --name test1  centos /bin/bash
26079d0851aeed3f2dd4eb93e1db1943ac5baebebedafe16ed2d913ceaae1723
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# pipework docker0 test1 172.17.0.20/24@172.17.0.1
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# docker exec -it 26079d0851a bash
[root@26079d0851ae /]# yum install -y net-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
base                                                                                                                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                          | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                         | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                                                   | 155 kB  00:00:00     
(2/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                 | 5.6 MB  00:00:01     
(3/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                               | 151 kB  00:00:02     
(4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                              | 4.8 MB  00:00:11     
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.cn99.com
 * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                               Arch                               Version                                               Repository                        Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools                             x86_64                             2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7                              base                             304 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package
Total download size: 304 k
Installed size: 917 k
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                   | 304 kB  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
 Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
 Package    : centos-release-7-3.1611.el7.centos.x86_64 (@CentOS)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                                           1/1 
  Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                                           1/1 
Installed:
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7                                                                                                                          
Complete!
[root@26079d0851ae /]# ifconfig
eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.20  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::d022:6ff:feef:f089  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether d2:22:06:ef:f0:89  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 7309  bytes 11981498 (11.4 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 5611  bytes 432934 (422.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

        
# step restart this container 
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# docker stop 26079d0851ae 
26079d0851ae
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# docker start 26079d0851ae 
26079d0851ae
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# docker exec -it 26079d0851ae bash
[root@26079d0851ae /]# ifconfig
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# pipework docker0 test1 172.17.0.20/24@172.17.0.1
root@ubuntu:/home/leco# docker exec -it 26079d0851ae bash
[root@26079d0851ae /]# ifconfig 
eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.20  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::c893:e6ff:fede:a2ab  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether ca:93:e6:de:a2:ab  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 12  bytes 1036 (1.0 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 8  bytes 620 (620.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
[root@26079d0851ae /]# ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (220.181.57.217) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.57.217 (220.181.57.217): icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=24.8 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.57.217 (220.181.57.217): icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=24.9 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 24.838/24.896/24.954/0.058 ms

本文出自 “Promise(许诺)” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://caimengzhi.blog.51cto.com/9787265/1919134

通过pipework来固定Docker容器IP