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System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException”类型的未经处理的异常在 System.Runtime.Serialization.dll 中发生
异常信息:
“System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException”类型的未经处理的异常在 System.Runtime.Serialization.dll 中发生
其他信息: 不应为数据协定名称为“Teacher:http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/ConsoleApplication3”的类型“ConsoleApplication3.Teacher”。请考虑使用 DataContractResolver，或将任何未知类型以静态方式添加到已知类型的列表。例如，可以使用 KnownTypeAttribute 特性，或者将未知类型添加到传递给 DataContractSerializer 的已知类型列表。
想要序列化的对象：
1 public class Student : People2 {3 public Int32 Age { get; set; }4 }
1 public abstract class People2 {3 public string Name { get; set; }4 public string Address { get; set; }5 }
序列化的方法：
1 public static string WriteJson<T>(T t)2 {3 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())4 {5 DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));6 serializer.WriteObject(ms, t);7 return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());8 }9 }
方法调用:
1 People p = new Student()2 {3 Name = "小明",4 Address = "章丘路110号",5 Age = 146 };7 8 string jsonString = WriteJson<People>(p);9 Console.WriteLine(jsonString);
然后就有了上面的异常
根据异常可以知道，虽然Student继承了People类，但是序列化的时候是People类型，也就是说序列化的时候并不知道 想要序列化的对象（Student类型），故产生了异常；根据异常提示，有两种解决方案：考虑使用 DataContractResolver，或将任何未知类型以静态方式添加到已知类型的列表。
经过了MSDN一番查询后，得到了两种可以序列化继承关系的对象的方法，
方式一，继承DataContractResolver类来实现：
1 public abstract class Animal 2 { 3 public string Name { get; set; } 4 } 5 6 public class Bird : Animal 7 { 8 public string Color { get; set; } 9 public Feather BDeather { get; set; }10 }11 12 public class Feather13 {14 public string Color { get; set; }15 }
1 public static string WriteJson<T>(T t) 2 { 3 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) 4 { 5 Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName("ConsoleApplication3")); 6 DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(T), null, Int32.MaxValue, false, true, null, new MyDataContractResolver(assembly)); 7 serializer.WriteObject(ms, t); 8 return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()); 9 }10 }
1 Animal animal = new Bird()2 {3 Name = "鸭子",4 Color = "白色",5 BDeather = new Feather() { Color="纯白色"}6 };7 string jsonString = WriteJson<Animal>(animal);8 Console.WriteLine(jsonString);
1 public class MyDataContractResolver : DataContractResolver 2 { 3 4 private XmlDictionary dictionary = new XmlDictionary(); 5 Assembly assembly; 6 public MyDataContractResolver(Assembly assembly) 7 { 8 this.assembly = assembly; 9 }10 public override Type ResolveName(string typeName, string typeNamespace, Type declaredType, DataContractResolver knownTypeResolver)11 {12 Type type = knownTypeResolver.ResolveName(typeName, typeNamespace, declaredType, knownTypeResolver);13 if (type == null)14 {15 type = Type.GetType(typeName + ", " + typeNamespace);16 }17 return type;18 }19 20 public override bool TryResolveType(Type type, Type declaredType, DataContractResolver knownTypeResolver, out XmlDictionaryString typeName, out XmlDictionaryString typeNamespace)21 {22 knownTypeResolver.TryResolveType(type, declaredType, knownTypeResolver, out typeName, out typeNamespace);23 if (typeName == null || typeNamespace == null)24 {25 XmlDictionary dictionary = new XmlDictionary();26 typeName = dictionary.Add(type.FullName);27 typeNamespace = dictionary.Add(type.Assembly.FullName);28 }29 return true;30 }31 }
输出结果：
方式二，通过KnownTypeAttribute添加识别类型：
1 [KnownType(typeof(Student))] 2 [KnownType(typeof(Teacher))] 3 [KnownType(typeof(Pupil))] 4 [DataContract] 5 public abstract class People 6 { 7 [DataMember] 8 public string Name { get; set; } 9 [DataMember]10 public string Address { get; set; }11 }
1 public class Student : People 2 { 3 4 public Int32 Age { get; set; } 5 } 6 7 public class Pupil : Student 8 { 9 10 }
1 public class Teacher : People 2 { 3 public Course T_course { get; set; } 4 } 5 6 public class Course 7 { 8 public string Name { get; set; } 9 public int Times { get; set; }10 }
输出结果：
关于更详细的描述，请参考以下MSDN的内容：
http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.runtime.serialization.knowntypeattribute.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.runtime.serialization.datacontractserializer%28v=vs.110%29.aspx
System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException”类型的未经处理的异常在 System.Runtime.Serialization.dll 中发生