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SQL:define和verify命令及替换变量&

=================替换变量&===============
使用一个&符号来指定一个变量值,执行SQL语句时,会提示用户输入一个数值。

SQL> select sal from emp where empno=&emp_no;输入 emp_no 的值: 7369SAL----------800SQL> select * from emp where &conditions;输入 conditions 的值: sal>2000EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 1981-04-02 00:00:00 2975 207698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-05-01 00:00:00 2850 307782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981-06-09 00:00:00 2450 107788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 1987-04-19 00:00:00 3000 207839 KING PRESIDENT 1981-11-17 00:00:00 5000 107902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-03 00:00:00 3000 20已选择6行。SQL> select empno,&column_name, sal from emp where &condition order by &order_by_colunm;输入 column_name 的值: ename输入 condition 的值: sal>2000输入 order_by_colunm 的值: sal descEMPNO ENAME SAL---------- ---------- ----------7839 KING 50007902 FORD 30007788 SCOTT 30007566 JONES 29757698 BLAKE 28507782 CLARK 2450已选择6行。

==================&&========================
&&表示每次重复上一次使用的变量值,第二次执行SQL语句时,不会提示用户输入变量值。

SQL> select * from emp where &&condition;输入 condition 的值: sal>2000EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 1981-04-02 00:00:00 2975 207698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-05-01 00:00:00 2850 307782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981-06-09 00:00:00 2450 107788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 1987-04-19 00:00:00 3000 207839 KING PRESIDENT 1981-11-17 00:00:00 5000 107902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-03 00:00:00 3000 20已选择6行。SQL> select * from emp where &&condition;EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 1981-04-02 00:00:00 2975 207698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-05-01 00:00:00 2850 307782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981-06-09 00:00:00 2450 107788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 1987-04-19 00:00:00 3000 207839 KING PRESIDENT 1981-11-17 00:00:00 5000 107902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-03 00:00:00 3000 20已选择6行。

============DEFINE和UNDEFINE========================
使用define命令创建和分配一个变量的值。使用undefine命令来删除一个变量。

SQL> define employee_number=7369;SQL> select * from emp where empno=&employee_number;EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 1980-12-17 00:00:00 800 20SQL> undefine employee_number;SQL> select * from emp where empno=&employee_number;输入 employee_number 的值: 7369EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 1980-12-17 00:00:00 800 20SQL>

======================VERIFY=================
使用verify命令来显示替换变量之前和之后的值。

SQL> set verify on;SQL> select * from emp where empno=&employee_number;输入 employee_number 的值: 7369原值 1: select * from emp where empno=&employee_number新值 1: select * from emp where empno=7369EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 1980-12-17 00:00:00 800 20SQL>

SQL:define和verify命令及替换变量&