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使用spring配合Junit进行单元测试的总结
最近公司的项目和自己的项目中都用到了spring集成junit进行单元测试，总结一下几种基本的用法：
1.直接对spring中注入的bean进行测试(以DAO为例)：
在测试类上添加@RunWith注解指定使用springJunit的测试运行器,@ContextConfiguration注解指定测试用的spring配置文件的位置
之后我们就可以注入我们需要测试的bean进行测试,Junit在运行测试之前会先解析spring的配置文件,初始化spring中配置的bean
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath*:spring-config-test.xml"})public class TestProjectDao { @Autowired ProjectDao projectDao;
@Test public void testCreateProjectCode(){ long applyTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); Timestamp ts = new Timestamp(applyTime); Map codeMap = projectDao.generateCode("5", "8",ts,"院内"); String projectCode = (String)codeMap.get("_project_code"); Timestamp apply_time = (Timestamp)codeMap.get("_apply_time"); System.out.print(projectCode); System.out.print(apply_time.toString()); Assert.assertTrue(projectCode.length()==12); }
2.对springMVC进行测试：
spring3.2之后出现了org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc 类,对springMVC单元测试进行支持
样例如下：
package com.jiaoyiping.baseproject;import com.jiaoyiping.baseproject.privilege.controller.MeunController;import com.jiaoyiping.baseproject.training.bean.Person;import junit.framework.Assert;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.http.MediaType;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*;/** * Created with IntelliJ IDEA. * User: 焦一平 * Date: 14-9-25 * Time: 下午6:45 * To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. */@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@WebAppConfiguration//@ContextConfiguration(classes = {WebMvcConfig.class, MockDataConfig.class})@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:/spring/applicationContext.xml", "classpath*:mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml"})public class TestMockMvc { @Autowired private org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext context; MockMvc mockMvc; @Before public void before() { //可以对所有的controller来进行测试 mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(context).build(); //仅仅对单个Controller来进行测试 // mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new MeunController()).build(); } @Test public void testGetMenu(){ try { System.out.println("----------------------------"); ResultActions actions = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/menu/manage.action")); System.out.println(status());// System.out.println(content().toString()); actions.andExpect(status().isOk());// actions.andExpect(content().contentType("text/html")); System.out.println("----------------------------"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates. } } //从controller里直接增加用户(用POST的方式) //post("路径").param("属性名","属性值"); 用这种方法来构造POST @Test public void addPerson(){try { ResultActions resultActions = this.mockMvc.perform(post("/person/add") .param("name","用友软件") .param("age","23") .param("address","北京市永丰屯") ); resultActions.andExpect(status().isOk()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates. } } //得到Controller层返回的ModelAndView的方法：resultActions.andReturn().getModelAndView().getModel().get("person"); @Test public void getPerson(){ String id ="297e5fb648b0e6d30148b0e6da6d0000";try { ResultActions resultActions = this.mockMvc.perform(post("/person/toEditPerson").param("id",id)).andExpect(status().isOk()); Assert.assertEquals(23,((Person)(resultActions.andReturn().getModelAndView().getModel().get("person"))).getAge()); Person person =(Person)(resultActions.andReturn().getModelAndView().getModel().get("person")); System.out.println(person.getId()); System.out.println(person.getName()); System.out.println(person.getAge()); System.out.println(person.getAddress()); Assert.assertEquals(23,person.getAge()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates. } }}
3.测试RestEasy提供的接口(当使用restEasy提供的rest类型接口的时候会用到)
RestEasy提供了 org.jboss.resteasy.core.Dispatcher类来模拟http请求，并返回数据
这样,在测试接口的时候就不必启动容器了
代码如下
/** * cn.cmri.pds.controller.TestProjectTagController.java * Copyright (c) 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. * All rights reserved. */package cn.cmri.pds.controller;import java.net.URISyntaxException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.jboss.resteasy.core.Dispatcher;import org.jboss.resteasy.mock.MockDispatcherFactory;import org.jboss.resteasy.mock.MockHttpRequest;import org.jboss.resteasy.mock.MockHttpResponse;import org.junit.Assert;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import cn.cmri.pds.project.controllor.ProjectTagControllor;import cn.cmri.pds.project.service.ProjectTagService;/** * <pre> * Desc： * @author 焦一平 * @refactor 焦一平 * @date 2014年12月10日 下午3:44:03 * @version 1.0 * @see * REVISIONS: * Version Date Author Description * ------------------------------------------------------------------- * 1.0 2014年12月10日 焦一平 1. Created this class. * </pre> */@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:spring-config-test.xml" })public class TestProjectTagController { @Autowired ProjectTagService projectTagService; Dispatcher dispatcher; @Before public void before() { ProjectTagControllor projectTagControllor = new ProjectTagControllor(); projectTagControllor.setProjectTagService(projectTagService); dispatcher = MockDispatcherFactory.createDispatcher(); dispatcher.getRegistry().addSingletonResource(projectTagControllor); } @Test public void testProjectTags() throws URISyntaxException{ MockHttpRequest request = MockHttpRequest.get("/rest/project/123456/tags"); MockHttpResponse response = new MockHttpResponse(); dispatcher.invoke(request, response); Assert.assertEquals(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND, response.getStatus()); Assert.assertEquals("指定的项目不存在", response.getContentAsString()); } }
使用spring配合Junit进行单元测试的总结
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