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GDI+画图类Graphics的使用

一:基础定义

 #region 定义线尾、线头为箭头、字体和笔刷                Pen p = new Pen(Color.Black, 1);//定义画笔 蓝色,宽度为1(坐标显示颜色)                p.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;//定义线尾的样式为箭头                Pen pk = new Pen(Color.Black, 1);//定义画笔 黑色,宽度为1(坐标显示颜色)                Pen pbl = new Pen(Color.Red,1);                pbl.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;//定义线尾的样式为箭头                StringFormat strF = new StringFormat(StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical);//定义格式                Font f = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 10);//定义字体                SolidBrush bB = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);//定义单色画刷                SolidBrush bl = new SolidBrush(Color.Red);//定义单色画刷            #endregion

二:使用前准备,新建一个picturebox,实例化一个 Graphics类,关联它们

 Graphics gph;//绘画区域
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(pic_Img.Width, pic_Img.Height);//600, 512 gph = Graphics.FromImage(bmp);

三:实例

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using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;namespace DrawLine{    public partial class Form1 : Form    {        public Form1()        {            InitializeComponent();            #region 定义线尾、线头为箭头、字体和笔刷            Pen p = new Pen(Color.Blue, 1);//定义画笔 蓝色,宽度为1(坐标显示颜色)            p.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;//定义线尾的样式为箭头            p.StartCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;//定义线首的样式为箭头            Font f = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 10);//定义字体            SolidBrush bB = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);//定义单色画刷            //SolidBrush bB = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);            #endregion            string[] month = new string[12] { "一月", "二月", "三月", "四月", "五月", "六月","七月", "八月", "九月", "十月", "十一月", "十二月" };            float[] d = new float[12] { 20.5F, 60, 10.8F, 15.6F, 30, 70.9F, 50.3F, 30.7F, 70, 50.4F, 30.8F, 20 };            //画图初始化            Bitmap bMap = new Bitmap(526, 500);            Graphics gph = Graphics.FromImage(bMap);            //gph.Clear(Color.White);            PointF cPt = new PointF(40, 420);//中心点            PointF[] xPt = new PointF[3]{new PointF(cPt.Y+15,cPt.Y),new PointF(cPt.Y,cPt.Y-8),new PointF(cPt.Y,cPt.Y+8)};//X轴三角形            PointF[] yPt = new PointF[3]{new PointF(cPt.X,cPt.X-15),new PointF(cPt.X-8,cPt.X),new PointF(cPt.X+8,cPt.X)};//Y轴三角形            gph.DrawString("红马車公司月生产量图表", new Font("宋体", 14)            , Brushes.Black, new PointF(cPt.X + 60, cPt.X));//图标标题            //画X轴            gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cPt.X, cPt.Y, cPt.Y, cPt.Y);            gph.DrawPolygon(Pens.Black, xPt);            gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), xPt);            gph.DrawString("月份", new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cPt.Y + 10, cPt.Y + 10));            //画Y轴            gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cPt.X, cPt.Y, cPt.X, cPt.X);            gph.DrawPolygon(Pens.Black, yPt);            gph.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), yPt);            gph.DrawString("单位(万)", new Font("宋体", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(0, 7));            for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++)            {                //画Y轴刻度                if (i < 11)                {                    gph.DrawString((i * 10).ToString(), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, new PointF(cPt.X - 30, cPt.Y - i * 30 - 6));                    gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cPt.X - 3, cPt.Y - i * 30, cPt.X, cPt.Y - i * 30);                }                //画X轴项目                gph.DrawString(month[i - 1].Substring(0, 1), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black,                new PointF(cPt.X + i * 30 - 5, cPt.Y + 5));                gph.DrawString(month[i - 1].Substring(1, 1), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black,                new PointF(cPt.X + i * 30 - 5, cPt.Y + 20));                if (month[i - 1].Length > 2) gph.DrawString(month[i - 1].Substring(2, 1), new Font("宋体", 11),                Brushes.Black,                new PointF(cPt.X + i * 30 - 5, cPt.Y + 35));                gph.DrawLine(Pens.Black, cPt.X + i * 30, cPt.Y, cPt.X + i * 30, cPt.Y + 3);                //画点                gph.DrawEllipse(Pens.Black, cPt.X + i * 30, cPt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3 - 1.5F, 3, 3);                gph.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(Color.Black), cPt.X + i * 30, cPt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3 - 1.5F,                3, 3);                //画数值                gph.DrawString(d[i - 1].ToString(), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black,                new PointF(cPt.X + i * 30, cPt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3));                //画折线                if (i > 1)                    gph.DrawLine(Pens.Red, cPt.X + (i - 1) * 30, cPt.Y - d[i - 2] * 3, cPt.X + i * 30, cPt.Y - d[i - 1] * 3);            }            pictureBox1.Image = bMap;        }           }}

 四:注意事项

如何建立一个有比例关系的坐标系,主要是确定实际距离和像素的关系,一个像素代表多少米的距离

如何生成一个动态比例尺、动态刻度值的坐标系,这就需要确立一个参照点,将这个参照点作为零点,再计算刻度值,从零点的左右两边分别标刻度值。标点时,需要确立动态的像素和距离的关系来确定位置

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GDI+画图类Graphics的使用