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[LeetCode]75.Sort Colors

【题目】

Given an array with n objects colored red, white or blue, sort them so that objects of the same color are adjacent, with the colors in the order red, white and blue.

Here, we will use the integers 0, 1, and 2 to represent the color red, white, and blue respectively.

Note:
You are not suppose to use the library‘s sort function for this problem.

click to show follow up.

Follow up:
A rather straight forward solution is a two-pass algorithm using counting sort.
First, iterate the array counting number of 0‘s, 1‘s, and 2‘s, then overwrite array with total number of 0‘s, then 1‘s and followed by 2‘s.

Could you come up with an one-pass algorithm using only constant space?

【分析】

A rather straight forward solution is a two-pass algorithm using counting sort.
First, iterate the array counting number of 0‘s, 1‘s, and 2‘s, then overwrite array with total number of 0‘s, then 1‘s and followed by 2‘s.

这是我们首先会想到的。

【代码】

    /**------------------------------------
    *   日期:2015-02-02
    *   作者:SJF0115
    *   题目: 75.Sort Colors
    *   网址:https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/sort-colors/
    *   结果:AC
    *   来源:LeetCode
    *   博客:
    ---------------------------------------**/
    #include <iostream>
    #include <vector>
    #include <algorithm>
    using namespace std;

    class Solution {
    public:
        void sortColors(int A[], int n) {
            if(n <= 1){
                return;
            }//if
            // 统计个数
            int red = 0,white = 0,blue = 0;
            for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
                if(A[i] == 0){
                    ++red;
                }//if
                else if(A[i] == 1){
                    ++white;
                }//else
                else{
                    ++blue;
                }//else
            }//for
            // 重新布局
            for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
                if(red > 0){
                    A[i] = 0;
                    --red;
                }//if
                else if(white > 0){
                    A[i] = 1;
                    --white;
                }//else
                else{
                    A[i] = 2;
                }
            }//for
        }
    };

    int main(){
        Solution s;
        int A[] = {0,0,1,0,2,0,1,2};
        s.sortColors(A,8);
        for(int i = 0;i < 8;++i){
            cout<<A[i]<<endl;
        }//for
        // 输出
        return 0;
    }

【思路二】

用三个变量记录red,white,blue的下标位置。起始下标都为-1

如果A[i] == 0 ,插入red对white blue有影响,blue先整体向后移动一位,white再整体向后移动一位,如果不移动,前面插入的数据就会覆盖已有的。

如果A[i] == 1,插入white对blue有影响,blue整体向后移动一位。

A[i] == 2,直接插入blue

【代码二】

    /**------------------------------------
    *   日期:2015-02-03
    *   作者:SJF0115
    *   题目: 75.Sort Colors
    *   网址:https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/sort-colors/
    *   结果:AC
    *   来源:LeetCode
    *   博客:
    ---------------------------------------**/
    #include <iostream>
    #include <vector>
    #include <algorithm>
    using namespace std;

    class Solution {
    public:
        void sortColors(int A[], int n) {
            if(n <= 1){
                return;
            }//if
            int red = -1,white = -1,blue = -1;
            for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
                // 插入red对white blue有影响
                if(A[i] == 0){
                    // blue整体向后移动一位
                    A[++blue] = 2;
                    // white整体向后移动一位
                    A[++white] = 1;
                    // 插入red
                    A[++red] = 0;
                }//if
                // 插入white blue受到影响
                else if(A[i] == 1){
                    // blue整体向后移动一位
                    A[++blue] = 2;
                    // 插入white
                    A[++white] = 1;
                }//else
                // 插入blue对其他没有影响
                else{
                    // 插入blue
                    A[++blue] = 2;
                }//else
            }//for
        }
    };

    int main(){
        Solution s;
        int A[] = {0,0,1,0,2,0,1,2};
        s.sortColors(A,8);
        for(int i = 0;i < 8;++i){
            cout<<A[i]<<endl;
        }//for
        // 输出
        return 0;
    }


[LeetCode]75.Sort Colors