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Hadoop2.x介绍与源码编译

1、Hadoop 项目的四大模块
  1. Hadoop Common: The common utilities that support the other Hadoop modules.
  2. Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS?): A distributed file system that provides high-throughput access to application data.
  3. Hadoop YARN: A framework for job scheduling and cluster resource management.
  4. Hadoop MapReduce: A YARN-based system for parallel processing of large data sets.
2、YARN的操作系统-- Hortonworks Hadoop 商业版本的)

  1. 部署在YARN的应用,分配资源
  2. 管理资源
  3. JOB/APPLICATION 调度

3、技能

  1. 云计算Hadoop 2.x
  2. 服务总线SOA/OSBDubble
  3. 全文检索,LucunceSolrNutch

4编译Hadoop 2.x 源码
4.1、环境:

1Linux 64 操作系统,CentOS 6.4 版本,VMWare 搭建的虚拟机

2虚拟机可以联网

4.2、官方编译说明:

解压命令:tar -zxvf hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz 

之后进入到解压文件夹下,可以查看BUILDING.txt文件, more BUILDING.txt ,向下翻页是空格键,其中内容如下

Requirements:

* Unix System

* JDK 1.6+

* Maven 3.0 or later

* Findbugs 1.3.9 (if running findbugs)

* ProtocolBuffer 2.5.0

* CMake 2.6 or newer (if compiling native code)

* Internet connection for first build (to fetch all Maven and Hadoop dependencies)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Maven main modules:

  hadoop (Main Hadoop project)

         - hadoop-project (Parent POM for all Hadoop Maven modules. )

                                    (All plugins & dependencies versions are defined here.)

         - hadoop-project-dist (Parent POM for modules that generate distributions.)

         - hadoop-annotations (Generates the Hadoop doclet used to generated the Java

docs)

         - hadoop-assemblies (Maven assemblies used by the different modules)

         - hadoop-common-project (Hadoop Common)

         - hadoop-hdfs-project (Hadoop HDFS)

         - hadoop-mapreduce-project (Hadoop MapReduce)

         - hadoop-tools (Hadoop tools like Streaming, Distcp, etc.)

         - hadoop-dist (Hadoop distribution assembler)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

在编译完成之后,可以查看Hadoop的版本信息

libhadoop.so.1.0.0: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, not stripped 
[root@centos native]# pwd 
/opt/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.2.0/lib/native 
[root@centos native]#

4.3、编译前准备之安装依赖包

安装linux系统包

  • yum install autoconf automake libtool cmake
  • yum install ncurses-devel
  • yum install openssl-devel
  • yum install lzo-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++

安装Maven

  • 下载:apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.tar.gz
  • 解压:tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.tar.gz
  • 设置环境变量,打开/etc/profile文件,添加
    • export MAVEN_HOME=/opt/apache-maven-3.0.5
    • export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
  • 执行命令使之生效:source /etc/profile或者./etc/profile
  • 验证:mvn -v 
安装protobuf
  • 解压:tar -zxvf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz 
  • 进入安装目录,进行配置,执行命令,./configure
  • 安装命令:make & make check & make install
  • 验证:protoc --version

安装findbugs
  • 解压:tar -zxvf findbugs.tar.gz 
  • 设置环境变量:
    • export export FINDBUGS_HOME=/opt/findbugs-3.0.0
    • export PATH=$PATH:$FINDBUGS_HOME/bin
  • 验证命令:findbugs -version
如果出现信息:java lang unsupportedclassversionerror unsupported major minor version 51.0,那么是因为你采用的jdk为open jdk,直接将其卸载,安装Sun公司原装的JDK即可,参考:
http://www.blogjava.net/Jay2009/archive/2009/04/23/267108.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/zhoulf/archive/2013/02/04/2891608.html

如果javac命令无法识别
[root@centos ~]# javac 
Error: could not find libjava.so 
Error: could not find Java 2 Runtime Environment.
但是当我这样运行的时候:/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_71/bin/javac -version,一切正常,说明可能是旧版jre影响,那么删除open-jre,安装Sun公司Jre
下载了rpm包之后,rpm -ivh jre-7u71-linux-x64.rpm,安装完成之后
[root@centos ~]# java -version 
java version "1.7.0_71" 
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_71-b14) 
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.71-b01, mixed mode) 
[root@centos ~]# javac -version 
javac 1.7.0_71 
[root@centos ~]#

注意
Hadoop是Java写的,他无法使用Linux预安装的OpenJDK,因此安装hadoop前需要先安装JDK(1.6以上)
另外Hadoop2.2.0存在一个bug
需要修改/opt/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-auth/pom.xml中的内容(添加黑体部分):
   <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
   <artifactId>jetty-util</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
   <artifactId>jetty</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
4.4、如何编译

进入到Hadoop源码目录下/opt/hadoop-2.2.0-src,运行红色字体[可选项]:

Building distributions:

Create binary distribution without native code and without documentation:

  $ mvn package -Pdist -DskipTests -Dtar

Create binary distribution with native code and with documentation:

  $ mvn package -Pdist,native,docs -DskipTests -Dtar

Create source distribution:

  $ mvn package -Psrc -DskipTests

Create source and binary distributions with native code and documentation:

  $ mvn -e -X package -Pdist,native[,docs,src] -DskipTests -Dtar

Create a local staging version of the website (in /tmp/hadoop-site)

  $ mvn clean site; mvn site:stage -DstagingDirectory=/tmp/hadoop-site

4.5、编译之前,可能需要配置MAVEN国内镜像配置

  1. 进入安装目录 /opt/modules/apache-maven-3.0.5/conf,编辑 settings.xml 文件

修改<mirrors>内容:

<mirror>  

<id>nexus-osc</id>  

<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>  

<name>Nexus osc</name>  

<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>  

</mirror> 

修改<profiles>内容:

<profile>  

<id>jdk-1.6</id>  

<activation>  

<jdk>1.6</jdk>  

</activation>  

<repositories>  

<repository>  

<id>nexus</id>  

<name>local private nexus</name>  

<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>  

<releases>  

<enabled>true</enabled>  

</releases>  

<snapshots>  

<enabled>false</enabled>  

</snapshots>  

</repository>  

</repositories> 

<pluginRepositories>  

<pluginRepository>  

<id>nexus</id>  

<name>local private nexus</name>  

<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>  

<releases>  

<enabled>true</enabled>  

</releases>  

<snapshots>  

<enabled>false</enabled>  

</snapshots>  

</pluginRepository>  

</pluginRepositories>  

</profile>

  1. 复制配置

        将该配置文件复制到用户目录,使得每次对maven创建时,都采用该配置

查看用户目录/home/hadoop】是否存在【.m2】文件夹,如没有,则创建

$ cd /home/hadoop

$ mkdir .m2

复制文件

$ cp /opt/modules/apache-maven-3.0.5/conf/settings.xml ~/.m2/

4.6、配置DNS 

修改: vi /etc/resolv.conf      

nameserver 8.8.8.8

nameserver 8.8.4.4

4.7、将Hadoop Project 导入到Eclipse

Importing projects to eclipse

When you import the project to eclipse, install hadoop-maven-plugins at first.

  $ cd hadoop-maven-plugins

  $ mvn install

Then, generate eclipse project files.

  $ mvn eclipse:eclipse -DskipTests

At last, import to eclipse by specifying the root directory of the project via

[File] > [Import] > [Existing Projects into Workspace].


注意:

编译过程中如果出现任何有关jdk或者jre的问题:JAVA_HOME environment variable is not set.

参看
http://www.cnblogs.com/RandyS/p/3909717.html
到 /etc/profile 最后,然后 . /etc/profile或者source /etc/profile使设置生效。

如果出现bash: javac: command not found
那么执行
yum install java-devel即可,这是因为:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5407703/javac-command-not-found

编译过程中碰到的其他问题:http://blog.csdn.net/xichenguan/article/details/17636905

出现错误:Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.6:run (site) on project hadoop-hdfs: An Ant BuildException has occured: input file /opt/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/target/findbugsXml.xml does not exist
解决办法:
cd ~/hadoop-2.2.0-src/ mvn clean package -Pdist,native,docs -DskipTests -Dtar //编译中途出错修正后可从指定点开始继续编译,修改最后一个参数即可。如出现hadoop-hdfs/target/findbugsXml.xml does not exist则从该命令删除docs参数再运行mvn package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar -rf :hadoop-pipes

build成功之后,进入到/opt/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-dist/target路径下查看hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz就是编译完成之后的tar包

出现错误:Could not find goal ‘protoc‘ in plugin org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-maven-plugins:2.2.0 among available 
解决办法:在/etc/profile中加入如下内容,之后source /etc/profile
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/protobuf/lib
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin
通常建议安装到/usr/local目录下,执行configure时,指定--prefix=/usr/local/protobuf即可,如果出现错误,那么make clean一下,之后再进行操作

我的/etc/profile文件内容:
export MAVEN_HOME=/opt/apache-maven-3.0.5
export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_71/
export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_71/jre
export ANT_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/apache-ant/
export CLASSPATH=.:$JRE_HOME/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin
export FINDBUGS_HOME=/opt/findbugs-3.0.0
export PATH=$PATH:$FINDBUGS_HOME/bin:/opt/protoc/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/protoc/lib
第一次编译结果:

第二次编译结果:


Hadoop2.x介绍与源码编译